A cylindrical gas chamber has a piston at one end that can be used to compress or expand the gas. If the gas is initially at 1.22 atm when the volume is 7.26L, what will the pressure be if the volume is adjusted to 3.60L?

Answer:

A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition and properties that are constant throughout the sample. Mixtures are physical combinations of two or more elements and/or compounds.

If 60 grams of the substance are added to 100 g of water, the solution can be categorized as supersaturated.

The graph shows the number of grams that can be dissolved in 100 grams of water at different temperatures. In general, solubility increases with temperature.

According to the graph, at a temperature of 30°C, it is possible to dissolve a total of 48 to 49 grams of \(KNO_{3}\). This information implies that if we add 60 grams at this temperature not all the substance would be dissolved, and therefore the solution would be supersaturated.

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ANSWER

Weak acid ------ option B

EXPLANATION

Acid is divided in strong and weak acid

Generally, acid can be defined as a substance that will produce hydrogen ions as the only positive ions when dissolved in water.

Strong acid will dissolved completely in water to give hydrogen ions. Example of a strong acid is Hydrogen

Weak acid will dissolved partially in water to give hydrogen ions

Hence, a compound that will give only few of its molecules to produce hydrogen ions when dissolved in water is called a weak acid

Therefore, the correct answer is weak acid

The true statements are;

The reaction is endothermic

Heat is a reactant

ΔHrxn is 89 kJ/mol

Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property that represents the total energy of a system, including both its internal energy (the energy of its constituent particles) and the energy it has due to its temperature and pressure. It is commonly used in energy analysis and heat transfer calculations and is expressed in units of joules (J) or calories (cal).

We know that the enthalpy of the reaction can obtained from;

Enthalpy of the products - Enthalpy of the reactants

ΔH reaction = 2(-391.4) - 2(-435.9)

(-782.8) - (-871.8)

= 89 kJ/mol

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A small sample of chloride salts of group I metals on stirring with water on a beaker, at least some of the solid added will cease to be visible at the bottom of each beaker.

Group I elements are Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium.

When chloride salts of these elements where dissolved in water it would not produce bubbles or change colour.

In addition to that, not all salts would feel hot to touch when the beaker in which the salt was dissolved is touched. Some would feel cool. This is because of difference in the process happening between the salt and water. For example: HCl would release heat when dissolved in water – Exothermic reaction (Beaker would be hot to touch) whereas KCl would absorb heat  when dissolved in water – Endothermic reaction (Beaker would be cool to touch).

One common thing about chloride salts of group I elements is that they all dissolve in water. The bond between the elements and the chloride is Ionic in nature. In the water, the bond between the molecules is covalent. The covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds. Thus, ionic bonds dissociate and covalent bonds would be formed with water and dissociated ions i.e., chloride salts are dissolved in water. When this happens, solid would cease to be visible at the bottom of each beaker.

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The waves that  has the greatest wavelength is Wavelength shown with 1 wavelength stretched over a long distance.

A wave could be a disturbance or variety that voyages through a medium or space, carrying vitality without transporting matter. Waves can take different shapes and happen totally different sorts of waves, counting mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.

Mechanical waves require a medium to propagate, meaning they require a substance like water, discuss, or a strong fabric to transmit the wave. Illustrations of mechanical waves incorporate water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves. In these waves, particles of the medium sway or vibrate in a design, exchanging energy from one molecule to another.

Electromagnetic waves, on the other hand, don't require a medium and can travel through vacuum, such as in space. Electromagnetic waves comprise of electric and attractive areas swaying opposite to each other and to the heading of wave engendering. Illustrations of electromagnetic waves incorporate obvious light, radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, bright waves, X-rays, and gamma beams.

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Flow sheet for synthesis gas production process: Hydrocarbon preheater → Combustion chamber Reactor → Waste-heat boiler → Carbon removal unit → water-cooler scrubber → Synthesis Gas.

Temperature and Pressure Conditions:

Hydrocarbon Preheater: High temperature (depends on the specific hydrocarbon used)

Combustion Chamber: High temperature (due to controlled partial combustion)

Reactor: High temperature (to promote pyrolysis and gas formation)

Waste-heat Boiler: Moderate temperature (to recover heat from reactor effluent)

Carbon-Removal Unit: Moderate temperature (to remove carbon from gas)

Water Cooler-Scrubber: Low temperature (to cool and scrub the gas)

Synthesis Gas: At atmospheric pressure (or specified process pressure).

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The concentration of Zn²⁺ ions at the cathode of the concentration cell is 0.646 M.

The concentration of the Zn²⁺ ions at the cathode of the concentration cell is determined as follows:

At the anode, oxidation half-reaction: Zn(s) ---> Zn²⁺ (aq) + 2 e⁻ [Zn⁺] = 0.100 M

At the cathode, reduction half-reaction: Zn²⁺ (aq) + 2 e⁻ ----> Zn (s)  [Zn⁺] =  x

The Ecell = 24.0 mV or 0.024 V

Using the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - 0.0592/n * log([Zn⁺]anode/[Zn⁺]cathode)

E°cell of a concentration cell = 0

where;

n is the number of moles of ions = 2

0.024 =  0 - 0.0592/2 * log (0.1/x)

y = 0.646 M

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Explanation:

Raoult's law states that the vapor pressure of a solvent that is a over a solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature scaled by the mole fraction of the solvent.

Psolution = Xsolvent * P°solvent

Where Psolution is the vapor pressure of the solution, X is the molar fraction of the solvent and P°solvent is the vapor pressure of the pure solvent.

Our solvent is chloroform, we know its vapor pressure.

P°solvent = 120 mmHg

We still have to find the molar fraction of the solvent. The molar fraction of the solvent will be defined like:

Xsolvent = moles of solvent/(total number of moles)

We know that the concentration of the solution is 0.200 m. That means that we have 0.200 moles of solute in each kg of solvent.

In order to find the mole fraction we have to suppose that the solution has 1 kg of solvent.

mass of solvent = 1 kg

molality = 0.200 m

molality = moles of solute/(mass of solvent in kg)

0.200 m = moles of solute/1 kg

moles of solute = 0.200 m * 1 kg

moles of solute = 0.200 moles

So our solution has 0.200 moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent. The solvent is chloroform (CHCl₃). We can convert the mass of solvent into moles using the molar mass of it.

molar mass of CHCl₃ = 119.38 g/mol

mass of solvent = 1 kg = 1 kg * 1000 g/kg

mass of solvent = 1000 g

moles of solvent = 1000 g * 1 moles/(119.38 g)

moles of solvent = 8.377 moles

Our solution has 8.377 moles of solvent and 0.200 moles the non-volatile solute.

total number of moles = moles of solute + moles of solvent

total number of moles = 8.377 moles + 0.200 moles

total number of moles = 8.577 moles

Xsolvent = moles of solvent/(total number of moles)

Xsolvent = 8.377 moles/(8.577 moles)

Xsolvent = 0.977

Finally we found the mole fraction of the solvent and we can find the answer to our problem.

Psolution = Xsolvent * P°solvent

Psolution = 0.977 * 120 mmHg

Psolution = 117.2 mmHg

Answer: The vapor pressure of the solution is 117.2 mmHg.

If a reaction has a negative ΔG and a positive ΔS, the reaction will be spontaneous at all temperatures.

If a reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures, it implies that the reaction will occur without the need for any external intervention, such as the addition of energy. For a reaction to be spontaneous, it must satisfy the criteria of thermodynamic favorability, which is determined by the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) associated with the reaction.

The relationship between ΔG, temperature (T), and the equilibrium constant (K) of a reaction is described by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy and ΔS is the change in entropy.

To ensure spontaneity at all temperatures, two conditions must be met:

ΔG must be negative: A negative ΔG indicates a thermodynamically favorable reaction, meaning the products have a lower Gibbs free energy than the reactants. If ΔG is negative, the reaction will proceed spontaneously in the forward direction.

ΔS must be positive: A positive ΔS signifies an increase in the overall entropy of the system. Higher entropy means more disorder, and spontaneous reactions often involve an increase in randomness. When ΔS is positive, it can compensate for the enthalpic term, ΔH, allowing the reaction to proceed spontaneously.

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1.63g of CaCl₂ was used as a reactant to produce 2g of CaSO₄ which is 2g of Calcium Sulfate.

When 2g of Calcium chloride and Potassium Sulfate reacts together it gives Calcium Sulfate and Potassium Chloride.

The balanced equation for the reaction is

CaCl2  +. K2SO4 ---------> CaSO4. +.  KCl

From this, the molar mass of CaCl2 is 110.98 g/mol

Molar mass of CaSO₄ = 136.14g/mol

1 mol of CaSO₄ by 1mol of CaCl₂

136.14g/mol of CaSO₄ produced 110.98g/mol

1g of CaSO₄ produced by (110.98/136.14)g of  CaCl₂

Therefore, 2g of CaSO₄ produced by  

=(110.98/136.14)x2

= 1.63 g of CaCl₂

Therefore, 1.63g of CaCl₂ is used as a reactant to produce 2g of Calcium Sulfate.

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Answer:

I would serve nothing

Explanation:

thank you bye\

Answer:

Explanation:

I would not serve it because what if Their is some dangerous chemical

Answer:

the answer is c

Explanation:

i did the test

The enthalpy of the formation of water is -285.8 kJ/mol. The information that can be made by the statement is heat is released during the process. The correct option is C.

Enthalpy is the volume times the pressure times the internal energy of the system. It is an entity of thermodynamics. It is the measurement of the energy in a thermodynamic system. The enthalpy totals the internal energy plus pressure and volume.

The statement that is given here is given that enthalpy is -285.8 kJ/mol. The value is negative, so the energy is released here. When energy is gained the energy will be positive and when the energy is released it is negative.

Thus, the correct option is C, heat is released during the process regarding the given statement of enthalpy.

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Answer:

d, 40 dm3.

Explanation:

According to Avogadro's law, the mole ratio of chemicals in a reaction is equal to the ratio of volumes of chemicals reacted (for gas).

From the equation, the mole ratio of N2 : H2 : NH3 = 1 : 3 : 2, meaning 1 mole of N2 reacts completely with 3 moles of H2 to give 2 moles of NH3, the ratio of volume required is also equal to 1 : 3 : 2.

Considering both N2 and H2 have 30dm3 of volume, but 1 mole of N2 reacts completely with 3 moles of H2, so we can see H2 is limiting while N2 is in excess. Using the ratio, we can deduce that 10dm3 equals to 1 in ratio (because 3 moles ratio = 30dm3).

With that being said, all H2 has reacted, meaning there's no volume of H2 left.  2 moles of NH3 is produced, meaning the volume of NH3 produced = 10 x 2 = 20 dm3. (using the ratio again)

1 mole of N2 has reacted, meaning from the  30dm3, only 10 dm3 has reacted. This also indicate that 20 dm3 of N2 has not been reacted.

So at the end, the mixture contains 20dm3 of NH3, and 20 dm3 of unreacted N2. Hence, the answer is d, 40 dm3.

This experiment shows that the elements of pure solid substance in a system closed off from the surroundings has increased temperature very fast.

Pure substances are substances that are built up of only one kind of particle and have a fixed or abiding structure. Pure substances are further confidential as elements and compounds. An element is a substance that comprises only one type or kind of atom. a pure substance has a constant chemical composition.

No affair where you sample a substance, it is the same. For chemistry, the safest examples of pure substances are elements and compounds. So, examples cover gold, silver, helium, sodium chloride, and pure water.

So we can conclude that In chemistry, a pure substance is an element or compound made up of one type of particle.

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The chemical formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4.

Copper(II) sulfate is a chemical compound that is made up of copper, sulfur, and oxygen. It has the chemical formula CuSO4 and is commonly referred to as "blue vitriol" or "bluestone." Copper(II) sulfate can be prepared by reacting copper oxide or copper metal with sulfuric acid. It is a blue-colored crystalline solid that dissolves easily in water.

Copper(II) sulfate has many uses in industry and can be used as a fungicide, herbicide, pesticide, and in the manufacture of other chemicals. It is also commonly used in schools and laboratories as a reagent in chemical reactions and experiments.

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Answer:  

Neptune is 34 times bigger than Earth.

Earth has life, Neptune does not.

Neptune is a gas planet, Earth is not.

Neptune has rings, Earth does not.

Neptune has 13 moons, Earth has 1.

Explanation:

The planets Earth and Neptune are different from each other as Neptune is 34 times bigger than Earth.Earth has life, Neptune does not.Neptune is a gas planet, Earth is not.Neptune has rings, Earth does not.

A planet is a large, rounded astronomical body that is neither a star nor its remnant. The best available theory of planet formation is the nebular hypothesis, which posits that an interstellar cloud collapses out of a nebula to create a young protostar orbited by a protoplanetary disk.

Planets grow in this disk by the gradual accumulation of material driven by gravity, a process called accretion. The Solar System has at least eight planets: the terrestrial planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, and the giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

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Answer:

\(\huge\boxed{\sf M = 0.06\ M}\)

Explanation:

No. of moles = n = 0.03 mol

Volume = v = 500 ml = 0.5 L

Molarity = M = ?

M = n / v

Put the given data in the above formula.

M = 0.03 / 0.5

\(\rule[225]{225}{2}\)

9.77 litres of NO2 are generated on average.

The balanced equation for the breakdown of N2O5 is as follows:

\(2N_2O_5(g) -- > 4NO_2(g) + O_2(g)\)

determine how many moles of N2O5 decompose:

\(V(N_2O_5) / Vm = n(N_2O_5)(N_2O_5)\)

where V(N2O5) = 4.86 dm3 is N2O5's volume and Vm(N2O5) is N2O5's molar volume under the circumstances stated in the ideal gas law:

\((R*T)/P = Vm = V/n\)

when the gas constant R is used.

the kelvin scale of temperature, T

The pressure is P.

The ideal gas law:

\(n(N_2O_5) = V(N2O5) / Vm(N_2O_5) = 4.86 dm3 / (24.46 L/mol) = 0.1982 mol\)

the number of moles of NO2 is:

\(n(NO_2 = 4/2 * n(N_2O_5) = 0.3964 mol\)

then,

\(n(NO_2 = 4/2 * n(N_2O_5) = 0.3964 mol\)

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Answer:

any gas takes up 22.4L per mole so 2.4*22.4=53.76

Explanation:

In 2.4 moles at STP, 53.79 litres of N2 gas are present.

Moles are defined as the amount of substance of a system that contain the same number of entities as the number of atoms in 12g of carbon 12.

STP is defined as the standard temperature and pressure. At STP, as system has s temperature of zero degree centigrade or 273 Kelvin and the pressure is 1 atm.

PV= nRT

P= 1 atm

V= ?

n= 2.4 moles

R= 0.0821 L atm /K/mol

1 x V = 2.4 x 0.0821 x 273

V = 53.79 litres

Hence, 53.79 litres of N2 gas is present in 2.4 moles at STP.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Without further details on the specific cell and its components, it is not possible to provide a definitive answer regarding the pH change before and after the cell operates for 20 minutes.

The pH value of a solution can potentially change before and after the operation of a cell, depending on the specific reaction occurring in the cell and the nature of the electrodes involved.

However, without additional information about the specific cell and its components, it is difficult to provide a definitive answer. The pH of a solution is influenced by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution, which can be affected by various chemical reactions, including oxidation and reduction reactions occurring in the cell.

During the operation of a cell, the electrodes undergo chemical reactions, and ions from the electrolyte may participate in these reactions. These reactions can influence the concentration of hydrogen ions and potentially alter the pH of the solution. The direction of the pH change depends on the specific reactions occurring at the electrodes.

For example, in an electrolytic cell, the flow of electric current causes non-spontaneous redox reactions to occur. These reactions might involve the generation or consumption of hydrogen ions, which can affect the pH of the solution.

In a galvanic cell or battery, spontaneous redox reactions take place, and the pH changes can be more complex. The electrode materials, their potential, and the specific reaction kinetics can influence the pH changes in the solution.

Therefore, without further details on the specific cell and its components, it is not possible to provide a definitive answer regarding the pH change before and after the cell operates for 20 minutes. The pH change would depend on the specific reactions occurring in the cell and the behavior of the electrodes involved.

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The activation energy of this reaction is approximately -13.770 J/mol.

1. To graphically determine the activation energy, we need to plot two points. The given data points are:

  Point 1: (1, -1.275)

  Point 2: (2, 0.379725)

2. The rise is the change in the y-coordinate between the two points:

  Rise = y2 - y1 = 0.379725 - (-1.275) = 1.654725

3. The run is the change in the x-coordinate between the two points:

  Run = x2 - x1 = 2 - 1 = 1

4. The slope of the line formed by these two points can be calculated using the formula:

  Slope = rise / run = 1.654725 / 1 = 1.654725

5. The activation energy (Ea) can be determined using the equation:

  Ea = -R * slope

 Here, R is the ideal gas constant, which is approximately 8.314 J/(mol·K).

6. Plugging in the values:

  Ea = -8.314 * 1.654725 = -13.770 J/mol

Note that the activation energy is negative because it represents the energy difference between the reactants and the transition state (higher energy) in an exothermic reaction.

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To create 100 mL of solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, 6.00 grams of NaOH are required.

The amount of NaOH needed to make 100. mL of solution with a concentration of 1.5 M can be calculated using the formula:

mass = molarity x volume x molar mass

where:

molarity = 1.5 M (given)

volume = 100. mL = 0.1 L (given)

molar mass of NaOH = 40.00 g/mol (from periodic table)

Substituting the values, we get:

mass = 1.5 mol/L x 0.1 L x 40.00 g/mol

mass = 6.00 g

Therefore, 6.00 grams of NaOH are needed to make 100. mL of solution with a concentration of 1.5 M.

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The equation MgO + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂O is  a balanced equation.

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Answer:

M=0.816M

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, we should consider the following reaction:

\(AgNO_3+KCl\rightarrow KNO_3+AgCl\)

Thus, by knowing the 1:1 molar ratio of silver nitrate and potassium chloride, we can easily compute the moles of silver nitrate precipitating the 1570 mg of potassium chloride considering its molar mass of 74.5513 g/mol:

\(n_{AgNO_3}=1570mgKCl*\frac{1gKCl}{1000mgKCl} *\frac{1molKCl}{74.5513gKCl}*\frac{1molAgNO_3}{1molKCl} \\\\n_{AgNO_3}=0.021molAgNO_3\)

Then, by using the volume of silver nitrate in liters (0.0258 L), we can directly compute the molarity:

\(M=\frac{0.021molAgNO_3}{0.0258L}\\ \\M=0.816M\)

Regards.