A ray of light in air is approaching the boundary with water at an angle of 52 degrees. Determine the angle of refraction of the light ray. (Refractive index of water = 1.33)

Galileo challenged the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model, providing support for the heliocentric model and paving the way for a new understanding of the universe.

Galileo Galilei played a crucial role in challenging the prevailing geocentric model of the universe proposed by Aristotle and supported by Ptolemy. He provided several lines of evidence that effectively disproved their theories and supported the heliocentric model proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus. Some of the key evidence used by Galileo includes:

1. Observations through a telescope: Galileo was one of the first astronomers to use a telescope to observe the heavens. His telescopic observations revealed several important discoveries that contradicted the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic worldview. He observed the phases of Venus, which demonstrated that Venus orbits the Sun and not Earth. He also observed the four largest moons of Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons, which provided evidence for celestial bodies orbiting a planet other than Earth.

2. Sunspots: Galileo's observations of sunspots provided evidence that the Sun is not a perfect celestial body, as suggested by Aristotle. Sunspots indicated that the Sun has imperfections and undergoes changes, challenging the notion of celestial perfection.

3. Mountains on the Moon: Galileo observed the rugged and uneven surface of the Moon, which contradicted Aristotle's belief in celestial spheres made of perfect, unchanging material. The presence of mountains on the Moon suggested that celestial bodies are subject to the same physical laws as Earth.

4. Phases of Venus: Galileo's observations of the phases of Venus provided direct evidence for the heliocentric model. As Venus orbits the Sun, it goes through phases similar to the Moon, ranging from crescent to full. This observation strongly supported the idea that Venus revolves around the Sun.

These lines of evidence presented by Galileo challenged the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model, providing support for the heliocentric model and paving the way for a new understanding of the universe. His work marked a significant turning point in the history of science and laid the foundation for modern astronomy.

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Answer:

   F = 196 N

Explanation:

For this exercise we will use Newton's second law,  we define a reference system with the x axis in the direction of movement of the stones and the y axis vertically

Y axis  

       N- W = 0

       N = mg

X axis

       F -fr = ma

In this case, they ask us for the force to keep moving, so the stones go at constant speed, which implies that the acceleration is zero.

       F- fr = 0

       F = fr

the friction force has the equation

       fr = μ N

       fr = μ mg

we substitute

        F = μ mg

let's calculate

         F = 0.80 9.8 25

         F = 196 N

The traffic cop needs 23.3 seconds to pass the automobile.

When your velocity (not speed) changes, you are accelerating. A automobile moving at a steady 100 km/h in a straight line has no acceleration. Average acceleration is equal to (change in velocity) / (duration). The car's acceleration is zero because its change in velocity is also zero.

\(d1 = v1*t1 = 35.0 m/s * 1 s = 35.0 m\)

\(d = d1 = 35.0 m\)

\(d2 = v2*t + (1/2)at^2\)

\(d2 = (1/2)at^2\)

\(v2*t + (1/2)at^2 = (1/2)at^2\)

\(v2*t = (1/2)at^2\)

Solving for t, we get:

\(t = (2v2/a) = (235.0 m/s)/3.0 m/s^2 = 23.3 s\) (rounded to 2 decimal places)

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Answer:

Objects want to keep doing the same thing is a way of stating Newtons First Law.

The correct option is (a) inertia. "Objects want to keep doing the same thing" it implies a connection to the principle of inertia in physics. Inertia is the property of matter that resists changes in its state of motion or rest.

According to Newton's first law of motion, an object will remain at rest or continue moving in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force. This property is commonly known as "the law of inertia." In other words, objects tend to maintain their current state of motion (whether at rest or in motion) unless influenced by an external force.

When we say "Objects want to keep doing the same thing," we're drawing an analogy between this scientific principle and human behavior. It suggests that objects, like humans, have a natural inclination to resist change and continue their current course of action. This analogy helps convey the idea that objects exhibit a tendency to persist in their existing state.

"Objects want to keep doing the same thing" to inertia emphasizes the notion that objects, like humans, tend to maintain their current state of motion or rest unless influenced by an external force.

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The correct question is:

Objects want to keep doing the same thing is a way of stating ......

a) inertia

b) force

c) power

d) moment

Answer:

After 1 half-life (500 years), 500 g of the parent isotope will remain. After 2 half-lives (1000 years), 250 g of the parent isotope will remain. After 3 half-lives (1500 years), 125 g of the parent isotope will remain. After 4 half-lives (2000 years), 62.5 g of the parent isotope will remain.

Explanation:

Hendry and Cathy will each throw an object, and the time and location at which they will collide can be determined using the laws of motion. Hendry's item had an initial velocity of 26.5 m/s, whereas Cathy's object had an initial velocity of 45 m/s. Hendry's object's equation of motion is given by: s = u*t + 0.5*a*t*2, where s is the displacement, u*t* is the starting velocity, t* is the time, and a*t* is the acceleration brought on by gravity.

The acceleration caused by gravity is negative since the item is being flung upward. The item that Cathy threw has the following equation of motion: s = u * t - 0.5 * a * t2.where s is the distance travelled, u is the starting speed, t is the passage of time, and an is the acceleration brought on by gravity. The acceleration caused by gravity is negative since the item is being flung upward.

These equations allow us to determine the location and timing of the two items' collision. By figuring out the two equations for t, one may determine the moment when the objects will collide. By changing the value of t in either equation, one may determine the distance at which the objects will collide. Therefore, using the equations of motion, it is possible to determine the moment and distance at which the two objects will collide.

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Answer:

Explanation:

the 40-watt bulb is going to require less energy to power.

Answer:

(a). 12.43 years.

(b). 3.89 × 10^ -9 kg.

Explanation:

So, we are given the following data or parameters or information which is going to assist us in solving this question;

=> " mission from Earth to the distant star Sirius has a light year = 8.7 light years away. "

=> "The spaceship can travel with 70% the speed of light"

=> " The spaceship's cylinder shape has a diameter of 6 meters at the front surface and a length of 25 meters. "

=> density = 1 hydrogen atom/m^3.

Step one: convert light year to metres.

J = 8.7 × 9.461 × 10^15 = 8.23 × 10^16 m.

Step two: convert percentage speed of light to metre per seconds;

70% = 70/100 = 0.7.

U = 0.7 × speed of light = 0.7 × 3.0 × 10^8 = 2.1 × 10^8 m/s.

(a).

Step three: determine the time taken(convert to years);

J / U = time taken; = 8.23 × 10^16 m/ 2.1 × 10^8 m/s = 12.43 years.

(b). The mass of interstellar gas that collides with your spaceship during the mission;

Volume= {(6m)^2 × 22/7}/ 4 × ( 8.23 × 10^16 m). = 2.33 × 10^18 m^3..

Density = mass/volume .

Mass= [24 × 365 × 3600 × 3 × 10^8 × 8.7 × 1.673 × 10^-27 × 6^2 × 22/7]/4 = 3.89 × 10^ -9 kg.

The cannon will completely stop when it collides with the barrier.

To calculate the speed at which the cannon collides with the barrier, we can follow these step-by-step calculations:

Determine the initial momentum of the system.

Since the cannon is initially stationary, the initial momentum is zero.

Apply the conservation of linear momentum.

According to the principle of conservation of linear momentum, the initial momentum of the system (zero) is equal to the final momentum of the system. The final momentum is the momentum of the cannon after firing.

Calculate the final momentum of the system.

Let's assume the mass of the cannon is represented by 'm' and the final velocity of the cannon is represented by 'v'. The final momentum of the system is given by: final momentum = m × v.

Set up the equation.

Since the initial momentum is zero, we have: 0 = m × v.

Solve for the final velocity of the cannon.

Dividing both sides of the equation by 'm', we get: v = 0.

Interpret the result.

The calculation shows that the final velocity of the cannon is zero. This means that the cannon comes to a complete stop when it collides with the barrier.

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It takes approximately 28.3 days for the radioactive sample to decay from an initial activity of 1.07 x 105 Bq to an activity of 100 Bq.

The formula for radioactive decay is \(A = A0 * (1/2)^{(t/t1/2)}\) where: A is the final activity A0 is the initial activity is the time elapsed t1/2 is the half-life of the sample

In this problem, the initial activity A0 is given as 1.07 x 105 Bq and the final activity A is given as 100 Bq.

The half-life of the sample is given as 5.7 days.

Substituting these values into the formula, we get: \(100 = 1.07 \times 105 * (1/2)^{(t/5.7)}\)

Dividing both sides by 1.07 x 105, we get:

\(0.000934579 = (1/2)^{(t/5.7)}\)

Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we get:\(-7.072737 = (t/5.7) * ln(1/2)\)

Dividing both sides by ln(1/2), we get:

\(t = -7.072737 \div ln(1/2) * 5.7t \approx 28.3\) days

Therefore, it takes approximately 28.3 days for the radioactive sample to decay from an initial activity of 1.07 x 105 Bq to an activity of 100 Bq.

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Answer:

B. lnelastic collision, because interest kinetic energy is not conserved .

I hope it helps ❤❤

The type of collision experienced by the two objects is inelastic collision, because internal kinetic energy is not conserved.

There are two types of collisions that two objects moving directly or opposite each may experience:

In elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy of the to objects are conserved.

In inelastic collision, only momentum is conserved while kinetic energy decreases after the collision.

Thus, we can conclude that the type of collision experienced by the two objects is inelastic collision, because internal kinetic energy is not conserved.

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The distance that is covered is 150 m

The displacement is 50 m.

We have to know that the displacement has to do with the distance that is covered in a  specific direction. We have to take note of the direction that we have there as that is what does make the difference between the distance and the displacement.

The distance does not involve the direction. It can then be safe to say that displacement is a vector and that distance is a scalar. Once again let us recall that these are so because the distance does not take cognizance of the direction while the displacement would always take cognizance of the direction of the motion.

Then we have;

Distance = 50 m + 50 m + 50 m = 150 m

For displacement calculation;

Moving towards the opposite side and back = 50 m - 50 m = 0 m

Moving again to the opposite side;

Displacement = + 50 m

Note that the backward motion of the swimmer would be taken as negative.

Therefore total displacement = 50 m

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An autobiography, like a memoir, is the writer's recounting of his or her life and is written in the first person, making the writer the protagonist of the narrative.

Contemporary/Realistic: In order to accurately portray our environment and society, realistic fiction develops fictional people and circumstances. Growing up and dealing with social and personal issues are the main themes. Characters in this genre are depicted as they learn about both themselves and others.

Historical and contemporary fiction make up realistic fiction's two subgenres. Unlike current fiction, which takes place in the present or recently past, historical fiction takes place at a period that is far enough back in history to be deemed history.

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Answer: the answer is b

Explanation:

edge

Taking into account the definition of kinetic energy, the velocity of the object with a kinetic energy of 250 J and a mass of 32 kg is 3.95 m/s².

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body or system due to its movement.

Kinetic energy is defined as the amount of work necessary to accelerate a body of a certain mass and in a position of rest, until it reaches a certain speed. Once the final speed is reached, the amount of kinetic energy accumulated will remain constant, that is, it will not vary, unless another force acts on the body again.

Kinetic energy is represented by the following expression:

Ec = 1/2×m×v²

Where:

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of kinetic energy:

250 J = 1/2× 32 kg×v²

Solving:

250 J÷ (1/2× 32 kg) = v²

15.625 J÷kg = v²

√15.625 J÷kg = v

3.95 m/s² = v

Finally, the velocity of the object is 3.95 m/s².

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Answer:

1012 N

Explanation:

There are two forces acting on the passenger.

Normal force N pushing up and weight force mg pulling down.

Apply Newton's Second Law:

∑F = ma

N − mg = ma

N − (92 kg) (9.8 m/s²) = (92 kg) (1.2 m/s²)

N = 1012 N

Answer: 12 ounce steak on venus

Explanation: venus = closer to the sun. The sun = more potential gravity, which would make it heavier than a quarter pound hamburger on jupiter.

Answer:

B) True. By changing the length get a different period and with a graph you can find the best value of the gravity pull

Explanation:

The student is reacting a simple pendulum experiment where he can determine the value of the relationship of gravity with the expression

              T = 2π \(\sqrt{\frac{L}{g} }\)

let's analyze each statement

A) False. The mass is not a paramer of the period expression

B) True. By changing the length get a different period and with a graph you can find the best value of the gravity pull

C) False. The angle while it is small does not influence the period

D) True. By changing the number of oscillations the period does not change, so you can get the value of the pull of gravity.

We can see that the expressions B and d are true, the most exact value is obtained using procedure B since the graphs allow to reduce the errors

Type of energy was used is kinetic energy.

Option D. continental shelf

Continental shelf is a part of a continent that is submerged under an area of ​​relatively shallow water known as a shelf sea.

It is given in the question, that the shelf of undersea land reaches 200 meters and it also extends out from the shoreline. This condition is only possible when a structure is submerged, and such submerged region can only be called as continental shelf.

On the other hand guyots is a underwater volcanic mountain and deep-sea trenches are the the long narrow lowerings in the ocean floor with the depth upto 6000 meters. And abyssal plains are the underwater ocean floors which cannot be found at the depth of 200 meters.

Therefore continental shelf is used to described as a shelf of undersea land reaching a depth of about 200 meters (656 feet) and extending out from the shoreline.

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Humans would need a breathable environment like that on Earth in the living section of a colony on Venus in order to survive. Nitrogen, oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases, such as carbon dioxide, make up the majority of the atmosphere on Earth.

The clouds are made of sulfuric acid, and the atmosphere is primarily carbon dioxide, the same gas that causes the greenhouse effect on Venus and Earth. And the heated, high-pressure carbon dioxide acts corrosively at the surface.

For instance, compared to Earth, which has 99% nitrogen and oxygen in its atmosphere, Venus and Mars both contain more than 98% carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

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The independent variable that we have in the experiment is the temperature. Option B

We know that if we are talking about an experiment, what we have to look at is that we must consider the interplay of the variables that is taking place in the process. As we change one of the variables in the experiment, there would be a change in another variable in the experiment also.

Now, the variable that we usually beging to alter is the one that we call the independent variable. As we change the value of this particular variable, there would be a change in the independent variable.

We have been told that; a  student conducts an experiment to test how the temperature affects the amount of salt that can dissolve in water.

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The airplane will strike the ground at a horizontal distance of 490 meters.

To determine how far the airplane will strike on the ground, we need to consider the horizontal distance traveled by the airplane during its flight.

The horizontal distance traveled by an object can be calculated using the formula:

Distance = Speed × Time

In this case, the speed of the airplane is given as 100 meters per second and the time it takes to cover the distance of 490 meters is unknown. Let's denote the time as t.

Distance = 100 m/s × t

Now, to find the value of time, we can rearrange the equation as follows:

t = Distance / Speed

t = 490 m / 100 m/s

t = 4.9 seconds

Therefore, it takes the airplane 4.9 seconds to cover a horizontal distance of 490 meters.

Now, to calculate the distance on the ground where the airplane will strike, we can use the formula:

Distance = Speed × Time

Distance = 100 m/s × 4.9 s

Distance = 490 meters

It's important to note that this calculation assumes a constant speed and a straight flight path. In reality, various factors such as wind conditions, changes in speed, and maneuvering can affect the actual distance traveled by the airplane.

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Explanation:

K.E =1/2 mv^2

=1/2(156789)(45.6)^2

=78,394.5 × 2,079.36

=163,010,387.52 kg m/s

This should be your answer.

The ions are;

S^2- Gained 2 electrons

Li^+ - Lost one electron

Al^3+ - Lost 3 electrons

Cl^- gained one electron

Sr^2+ Lost two electrons

P^3- gained 3 electrons

As an atom or molecule acquires or loses one or more electrons, ions are created. Protons and neutrons make up the positively charged nucleus of an atom, which is encircled by negatively charged electrons. An atom typically has a neutral charge because the amount of electrons and protons in it equals one.

The balance between the negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons is upset when an atom receives or loses an electron, creating an ion with a positive or negative charge.

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Answer:

r= 1.09×10^-4

Explanation:

Given

V=speed=4.0×10^5 m/s

B= magnetic field= 0.040 T

©=angle= 35°

m= mass of electron= 9.11×10^-31

q= charge of electron= 1.60×10^-19

solution

qv×B= mv²/r

qvBsin©=mv²/r

qBsin©=mv/r

r=mv/qBsin©

r=9.11×10^-31× 4.0×10^5/1.064×10^-19×0.04T(sin35°)

r= 1.09×10^-4 m

a) r = 1.09 * \(10^{-4}\) m

b) Distance travelled : 6.845 *  \(10^{-4}\) m    

An electron is a  stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.

given

charge of electron : 1.6 * \(10^{-19}\) C

mass of electron = 9.11 * \(10^{-31}\) kg

v = 4.0 x 10 m/s

B =  0.040 T

theta = 35 degrees

since ,

force in magnetic field on electron = centripetal force

a) q(v*B) = m \(v^{2}\) / r

q v B sin(theta) =  m \(v^{2}\) / r

r =m v /q B sin(theta)

r =  9.11 * \(10^{-31}\) * 4.0 x \(10^{5}\)/ 1.6 * \(10^{-19}\) sin (35)

r = 1.09 * \(10^{-4}\) m

b)  far forward will the electron have moved after completing one circle will be equal to circumference of the circle = 2πr

 = 2 * 3.14 * 1.09 * \(10^{-4}\) m  = 6.845 *  \(10^{-4}\) m  

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Answer:

increase

Explanation:

The heaviest liquid is mercury. In order to equalize the air pressure, it only climbs 76 cm. Water will rise to a 13.6 because it is 13.6 times lighter than mercury. By a factor of 13.6, mercury is 13.6 times denser than water.

Therefore, the barometer's height would be 13.6 times higher if water were employed in place of mercury. Since water expands when it freezes, the glass tube would be broken.

Because of its high density, mercury is frequently employed in barometers, allowing for a column height that is appropriate for measuring atmospheric pressure. For example, a mercury barometer would need to be 13.6 times taller than a water barometer to measure the same change in pressure.

This is the primary justification for using mercury in thermometers. Mercury will provide accurate readings in comparison to water since it lacks the condensation property that water possesses. Mercury can be used to measure both negative and positive temperatures, whereas water cannot be used to measure either.

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Answer:

The final displacement would be 2cm to right.

Answer:

it is chemistry

Explanation:

Answer:

The vertical component of the velocity can be found using the formula:

V₀y = V₀ * sin(θ)

where V₀ is the initial velocity, θ is the angle of projection, and V₀y is the vertical component of the velocity.

Substituting the given values, we have:

V₀y = 48 * sin(53°)

Using a calculator, we can evaluate sin(53°) to be approximately 0.799:

V₀y = 48 * 0.799

V₀y ≈ 38.352

Therefore, the vertical component of the velocity with which the ball was launched is approximately 38 meters/second, which corresponds to option B.

Answer:

B.) 38 meters/second

Explanation: