A work cell is currently operated 2000 hr/yr by a human worker who is paid an hourly rate of $23.00, which includes applicable overhead costs. One work unit is produced in a cycle time of 4.8 min. Management would like to increase output to meet increasing demand and a robot cell is being considered as a replacement for the present manual cell. The cycle time of the proposed cell would be reduced to 4.0 min. The installed cost of the robot plus supporting equipment is $120,000. Power and other utilities to operate the robot will be $0.30/hr, and annual maintenance costs are $2500. Determine:
a. the number of parts produced annually by the manually operated cell.
b. cost per part produced.
c. how does the cost per part of the robot cell compare with your answer in part (b), given a 4-year service life, 10% rate of return, and no salvage value.
Answers
Answer:
a) 25000 pcs/yr
b) cost per part produced is $ 1.84 per pc
c) Cpc = $ 1.365 per pcs
Explanation:
a)
the relation to calculate the number of parts produced annually by manual process is;
Q = Hw / Tc
Hw is the hourly rate ( 2000hr/yr) and Tc is the cycle time ( 4.8 min)
so we substitute
Q = (2000 × 60) / 4.8
= 120000 / 4.8
= 25000 pcs/yr
b)
cost per part produced
the relation to calculate the cost per part produced is expressed as;
Cpc = $23(Hw) / Q
Cpc is the cost per part produced
so we substitute
Cpc = $23(2000) / 25000
= 46000 / 25000
= $ 1.8 per pc
therefore cost per part produced is $ 1.84 per pc
c)
for the robot cell, at a service life of 4 years and a 10% rate of return , the factor is expressed as;
f = [r(1 + r)^t] / [((1 + r)^t ) - 1 ]
our rate r = 10% = 0.1 and our t = 4
so we substitute
f = [0.1 (1 + 0.1)^4] / [((1 + 0.1)^4 ) - 1 ]
f = 0.14641 / 0.4641
f = 0.3155
now we find the total cost
TC = 120000(0.3155) + 2000(0.3) + 2500
TC = $ 40,960
next we find the parts produced annually
Q = (2000 × 60) / 4
Q = 120,000 / 4
Q = 30000 pcs/yr
finally we find the cost per part produced;
Cpc = TC / Q
we substitute
Cpc = 40,960 / 30000
Cpc = $ 1.365 per pcs
Related Questions
a 2 m wide square foundation is placed at a depth of 1.5 m, in a very thick homogeneous sand deposit where qc 5 10 mn/m2 and g 5 18.5 kn/m3. the stress level at the foun- dation is 140 kn/m2. estimate the settlement in 25 years, using the method of schmertmann et al. [eq. (9.30)]. how 9.17 much of this settlement is due to creep?
Answers
To estimate the settlement in 25 years using the method of Schmertmann et al., we can use the equation (9.30) provided. However, since you mentioned the term "creep," we need to consider the creep settlement as well.
The equation (9.30) for estimating the settlement is:
Δs = (2.5 * Δσvc) * (log10(t + 0.05) - log10(t0 + 0.05))
Where:
Δs is the settlement in meters
Δσvc is the increase in vertical effective stress in kN/m²
t is the time in years
t0 is the reference time (initial time) in years
First, let's calculate the increase in vertical effective stress (Δσvc) using the equation:
Δσvc = qc * Bq * Nγ
Where:
qc is the average cone resistance in MN/m² (converted from kN/m² by dividing by 1000)
Bq is the width of the foundation in meters
Nγ is the correction factor for the foundation width
Given that qc = 10 MN/m², Bq = 2 m, and Nγ = 0.5 (for a square foundation), we can substitute these values into the equation:
Δσvc = (10 MN/m²) * (2 m) * (0.5) = 10 MN/m²
Now, let's calculate the settlement (Δs) at 25 years using the equation (9.30):
Δs = (2.5 * 10 MN/m²) * (log10(25 + 0.05) - log10(t0 + 0.05))
Since the reference time (t0) is not mentioned, we'll assume it to be the current time, which is 0 years. Substituting the values into the equation:
Δs = (2.5 * 10 MN/m²) * (log10(25 + 0.05) - log10(0 + 0.05))
Simplifying the equation, we get:
Δs = 2.5 * 10 MN/m² * (log10(25.05) - log10(0.05))
Now, to calculate the creep settlement, we need more information such as the rate of creep. Without that information, we cannot determine the amount of settlement due to creep.
For more such questions settlement,Click on
https://brainly.com/question/27491456
#SPJ8
A periodic digital waveform has a pulse width 25 and a period of 150 . Determine the frequency and the duty cycle
Answers
The frequency is 6.67 kHz and the duty cycle is:16.67%.
Frequency and duty cycle
Given:
Pulse width=25
Period=150
Frequency:
Frequency=1/(150×10^-6)
Frequency=1/0.00015
Frequency=6.666 kHz
Frequency=6.67 kHz (Approximately)
Duty cycle:
Duty cycle=(25×10^-6)/ (150×10^-6)×100%
Duty cycle=16.67%
Therefore the frequency is 6.67 kHz and the duty cycle is:16.67%.
Learn more about Frequency and duty cycle here:https://brainly.com/question/16030651
#SPJ1
Un estudiante inventa cierta escala de temperatura a presión normal y cumple con los siguientes parámetros: punto de congelación del agua es -60 ˝B, y su punto de ebullición es -10 ˝B. Calcule la temperatura Kelvin que corresponda a 0 ˝B. porfa:(
Answers
Answer:
La temperatura Kelvin que corresponde a 0 ºB es 493.15 Kelvin.
Explanation:
Sabemos que el punto de congelación del agua es 273.15 Kelvin y, según el enunciado, -60 ºB. Asimismo, el punto de ebullición de esta sustancia es 373.15 Kelvin y, según el enunciado, -10 ºB. Asumiendo una relación lineal, podemos determinar la temperatura en escala Kelvin equivalente a 0 ºB mediante la siguiente extrapolación:
\(T = 373.15\,K+\left[\frac{373.15\,K-273.15\,K}{-10\,^{\circ}B-(-60\,^{\circ}B)}\right]\cdot [0\,^{\circ}B-(-60\,^{\circ}B)]\)
\(T = 493.15\,K\)
La temperatura Kelvin que corresponde a 0 ºB es 493.15 Kelvin.
compare and contrast the structure, mechanical properties, and functions of the five major types of blood vessels
Answers
The five major types of blood vessels in the human body are arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. Although they are all part of the circulatory system and work together to transport blood, they differ in their structure, mechanical properties, and functions.
Structure:
Arteries are thick-walled, muscular vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. They have a circular shape and contain elastin and collagen fibers in their walls. Arterioles are smaller vessels that connect arteries to capillaries. They have a similar structure to arteries but have thinner walls and less elastin. Capillaries are the smallest and thinnest vessels in the body, with a diameter similar to that of a single red blood cell. They have a single layer of endothelial cells and allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues. Venules are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins. They have a similar structure to arterioles but have thinner walls and less smooth muscle. Veins are vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. They have thinner walls than arteries and contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood.Mechanical properties:
Arteries have high elasticity and are able to withstand high blood pressure. They can expand and contract to adjust to changes in blood flow. Arterioles and capillaries have low resistance to blood flow, allowing for efficient exchange of substances between the blood and tissues. Venules have low pressure and low resistance, allowing for the easy flow of blood from capillaries to veins. Veins have low elasticity and low pressure, but have a large diameter and high capacitance, allowing them to hold a large amount of blood.Functions:
Arteries and arterioles deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and organs of the body. Capillaries allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues. Venules and veins collect deoxygenated blood from the capillaries and return it to the heart. Veins also act as a blood reservoir, storing up to 60% of the body's blood volume and releasing it when needed, such as during exercise.In summary, each of the five major types of blood vessels has a unique structure, mechanical properties, and functions that allow them to work together to ensure the efficient and effective transport of blood throughout the body.
To learn more about about blood vessels:
https://brainly.com/question/11763276
#SPJ11
An ADC employing a 1000-level quantizer is used to convert an analogue signal that with bandwidth 20 kHz to binary format. Determine the minimum bit rate from this ADC.
Answers
To determine the minimum bit rate of an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) with a 1000-level quantizer and a bandwidth of 20 kHz, the minimum bit rate from this ADC is 400 kHz.
In this case, the signal has a bandwidth of 20 kHz, so the minimum sampling rate required is 2 times the bandwidth, which is 2 * 20 kHz = 40 kHz. The minimum sampling rate corresponds to the minimum bit rate.
To convert an analogue signal with a 20 kHz bandwidth to a binary format using a 1000-level quantizer, each level of the quantizer requires a certain number of bits. Since there are 1000 levels, we need at least log2(1000) bits to represent each level. Rounded up to the nearest integer, log2(1000) is 10.
Therefore, the minimum bit rate of the ADC is the product of the minimum sampling rate and the number of bits per sample:
Minimum bit rate = Minimum sampling rate * Number of bits per sample
= 40 kHz * 10 bits
= 400 kHz
Hence, the minimum bit rate from this ADC is 400 kHz.
Learn more about analogue signal here: https://brainly.com/question/33183802
#SPJ11
Blood plasma is stored at 40°. Before the plasma can be used, it must be at 90°. When the plasma is placed in an oven at 120°, it takes 45 min for the plasma to warm to 90°. How long will it take for the plasma to warm to 90° if the oven is set at 100°, 140° and 80° respectively?
Answers
To solve this problem, we can use the following formula:
t = (m * c * ΔT) / P
where t is the time taken to warm the plasma to 90°, m is the mass of the plasma, c is the specific heat capacity of the plasma, ΔT is the change in temperature (90° - 40° = 50°), and P is the power of the oven.
We can assume that the mass and specific heat capacity of the plasma are constant.
If the oven is set at 100°, we have:
t = (m * c * ΔT) / P
t = (m * c * 50) / (100 - 40) (since P = 100 - 40 = 60)
t = (m * c * 50) / 60
t = (5m * c) / 6
If the oven is set at 140°, we have:
t = (m * c * ΔT) / P
t = (m * c * 50) / (140 - 40) (since P = 140 - 40 = 100)
t = (m * c * 50) / 100
t = (m * c) / 2
If the oven is set at 80°, we have:
t = (m * c * ΔT) / P
t = (m * c * 50) / (80 - 40) (since P = 80 - 40 = 40)
t = (m * c * 50) / 40
t = (5m * c) / 8
Therefore, it will take 5/6 times as long (or approximately 42.5 minutes) if the oven is set at 100°, half as long (or 22.5 minutes) if the oven is set at 140°, and 5/8 times as long (or approximately 28.1 minutes) if the oven is set at 80°, compared to the original time of 45 minutes when the plasma was placed in an oven at 120°.
The formula for calculating risk considering risk perception is ?
Answers
Answer:
risk = probability x loss
Explanation:
three 20kva 24000/277 v distribution transformers are connected in delta y
Answers
If three 20kVA 24000/277V distribution transformers are connected in delta-y, this means that the transformers are arranged in a three-phase configuration.
The primary side of each transformer is connected in delta (Δ) configuration, while the secondary side is connected in wye (Y) configuration.
The transformers are designed to step down the voltage from 24000V to 277V, which is the standard voltage for residential and commercial buildings. The total capacity of the three transformers is 60kVA (20kVA x 3), which is sufficient to handle the electrical load of a medium-sized building.
It is important to note that the delta-y connection provides a neutral point on the secondary side, which can be used for grounding purposes. This configuration also allows for better voltage regulation and reduced harmonics in the electrical system.
To learn more about distribution transformers
https://brainly.com/question/23563049
#SPJ11
Q.13 In order to produce maximum starting torque in a split-phase motor, how many degrees out of phase should the start- and run-winding currents be with each other?
Select one:
A. 180°
B. 0°
C. 120°
D. 90°
Answers
Answer:
D. 90 degrees.
Explanation:
Torque is a rotational force which moves an object in other direction. There should be 90 degrees out of phase to start, run winding currents with each other. Torque is produced by the rotational motion of an object. The angle of the object must be 90 degrees set in order to create torque.
Does anyone know the answer to this ??? It’s 16 points
Answers
why you so mean to me? leave my questions please. answer them
Answers
Answer: Why is even here then.
Explanation:
What is electrical energy being transformed into? How do you know?
Answers
All of these are part of the seat belt assembly EXCEPT the:
O latch plate
O D-ring
O retractor.
O cushion
Answers
Explanation: All parts going together to form a seat belt except the cushion
Briefly explain thermal expansion using the potential energy–versus–interatomic spacing curve.
Answers
As the temperature of the material increases, the potential energy of the molecules increases. Thermal expansion occurs due to changes in temperature, and interatomic distances increase as potential energy increases.
What are the uses of Thermal Expansion?Thermal expansion is used in a variety of applications such as rail buckling, engine coolant, mercury thermometers, joint expansion, and others.
It is to be noted that an application of the concept of liquid expansion in everyday life concerns liquid thermometers. As the heat rises, the mercury or alcohol in the thermometer tube moves in only one direction. As the heat decreases, the liquid moves back smoothly.
Learn more about Thermal Expansion:
https://brainly.com/question/1166774
#SPJ1
Explain the difference between dimensioning standards for inches and the standards for millimeters
Answers
Dimensioning standards for inches and millimeters are used to specify the size and location of features on an object or part. The primary difference between these two standards is the unit of measurement used.
Inches are the primary unit of measurement in the United States, and dimensioning standards for inches are based on the imperial system of measurement. This system is based on units of inches, feet, and yards.
Dimensioning standards for inches typically use fractions of an inch, such as 1/8", 1/16", or 1/32", to specify dimensions. These fractions are commonly used because they are easy to measure with common tools like rulers and calipers.
On the other hand, millimeters are the primary unit of measurement in most other parts of the world, and dimensioning standards for millimeters are based on the metric system of measurement. This system is based on units of millimeters, centimeters, and meters.
Dimensioning standards for millimeters typically use decimals, such as 1.5 mm or 3.75 mm, to specify dimensions. Decimals are commonly used in the metric system because they allow for more precise measurements and are easier to work with in mathematical calculations.
For more such questions on measurement, click on:
https://brainly.com/question/30238003
#SPJ11
A wall is made from an inhomogeneous (nonuniform) material for which the thermal conductivity varies through the thickness according k=ax+b, where a and b are constants. The heat flux is known to be constant. Determine expressions for the temperature gradient and the temperature distribution when the surface at x=0 is at temperature T1.
Answers
∂T/∂x = (T1 - T2)/bx + a
Where T2 is the temperature at x=b.
The temperature distribution is given by:T(x) = T1 - (T1 - T2)*(ax + b)/b
How will the temperature gradient be affected if the surface at x=0 is increased or decreased? If the surface at x=0 is increased, the temperature gradient will also increase. This is because the surface will absorb more heat energy from the environment, leading to a greater temperature difference between x=0 and other points further away from the surface. Similarly, if the surface at x=0 is decreased, the temperature gradient will also decrease. This is because the surface will absorb less heat energy from the environment, leading to a smaller temperature difference between x=0 and other points further away from the surface. The magnitude of the temperature gradient can also be affected by other factors such as the air temperature and air pressure in the environment.To learn more about temperature gradient refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/11195980
#SPJ4
Polarization: Unpolarized light passes through three ideal polarizing filters. The first filter is oriented with a horizontal transmission axis, the second one has its transmission axis at 30° from the horizontal, and the third filter has a vertical transmission axis. What percent of the light gets through this combination?
Answers
Answer:
the percentage of light that gets through this combination is 9.38
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Let us represent the incident unpolarized light with \(I_0\).
So, the amount of light intensity passing through the first polarizer will be;
\(I_1\) = \(I_0\) / 2 ------ let this be equation 1
An the amount of light intensity passing through the second polarizer will be;
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\)cos²θ
given that; the second one has its transmission axis at 30°
so, we substitute;
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\) × cos²( 30° )
\(I_2\) = \(I_1\) × 0.75
\(I_2\) = 0.75\(I_1\)
from equation; \(I_1\) = \(I_0\) / 2
\(I_2\) = 0.75( \(I_0\) / 2 )
\(I_2\) = 0.375\(I_0\) .
Now, the amount of light intensity passing through the third polarizer will be;
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\)cos² ( 90° - 30° )
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\) × cos²( 60° )
\(I_3\) = \(I_2\) × 0.25
we substitute
\(I_3\) = 0.375\(I_0\) × 0.25
\(I_3\) = 0.09375\(I_0\)
∴ \(I_3\)/\(I_0\) × 100 = 0.09375 × 100
⇒ 9.38%
Therefore, the percentage of light that gets through this combination is 9.38
Centrifugal pump delivers water against a net head of 14. 5 m and at designed speed of 1000 rpm. The vanes are curved back at an angle of 300 with the periphery. The impeller diameter is 300 mm and outlet width 50 mm. Determine the discharge of the pup, if the manometric efficiency is 95 %
Answers
The discharge of the pump is approximately 0.0744 cubic meters per second.
To determine the discharge of the centrifugal pump, we need to consider the head, impeller diameter, outlet width, and the manometric efficiency.
Given:
Net head (H) = 14.5 m
Impeller diameter (D) = 300 mm = 0.3 m
Outlet width (W) = 50 mm = 0.05 m
Manometric efficiency (η) = 95% = 0.95
The discharge (Q) can be calculated using the following formula:
Q = (π/4) * D^2 * W * N / (g * H * η)
where:
π = 3.14159 (pi)
D = Impeller diameter
W = Outlet width
N = Speed of the pump in revolutions per minute (rpm)
g = Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2)
H = Net head
η = Manometric efficiency
Substituting the given values into the formula:
Q = (3.14159/4) * (0.3)^2 * 0.05 * 1000 / (9.81 * 14.5 * 0.95)
Simplifying the equation:
Q ≈ 0.0744 m^3/s
Therefore, the discharge of the pump is approximately 0.0744 cubic meters per second.
Learn more about discharge here
https://brainly.com/question/31460508
#SPJ11
A driver younger than 18 years of age may not operate a motor vehicle with any passenger who is not an immediate family member until 6 months from the date that the person's driver's license was issued.
O True
O False
Answers
ahahahahaggaaggagagag
Two technicians are discussing what it means when you do a scratch cut and get a cut that does not go completely around the circumference. Technician A says that it may represent drum runout. Technician B says that it may represent incorrect mounting on the lathe. Who is right
Answers
It is essential to consider both drum runout and mounting issues as potential causes and inspect and rectify them accordingly to ensure accurate and complete cutting during the machining process.
Both Technician A and Technician B could be partially correct.
Technician A is correct in suggesting that a scratch cut that does not go completely around the circumference may indicate drum runout. Drum runout refers to the condition where the surface of the drum is not perfectly round, causing uneven contact between the brake lining and the drum. When performing a scratch cut, if the cutting tool fails to make a complete cut around the drum, it suggests that the drum surface is not uniformly cylindrical, possibly due to drum runout.
Technician B is also correct in stating that incorrect mounting on the lathe can result in a scratch cut that does not go completely around the circumference. If the drum is not mounted securely or centered properly on the lathe, it can lead to an uneven cut. Improper mounting can cause misalignment between the cutting tool and the drum, resulting in an incomplete cut.
Learn more about potential here
https://brainly.com/question/28300184
#SPJ11
what combustion after effects do actuators work to control
Answers
Combustion after effects actuators work to control a variety of combustion after effects, including: Exhaust emissions
How to explain the informationActuators can be used to control the amount of fuel and air that is burned in an engine, which can help to reduce emissions of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
Actuators can be used to control the timing of the combustion event, which can help to reduce noise levels.
Efficiency: Actuators can be used to control the combustion process in a way that improves efficiency, which can save fuel and reduce emissions.
Actuators can be used to control the combustion process in a way that prevents knock, which is a destructive phenomenon that can damage an engine.
Learn more about combustion
https://brainly.com/question/13251946
#SPJ2
Which of the following is NOT a line used on blueprints?
Answers
Answer: Photo lines
Explanation: made more sense
where or is the pipe radius and r is the radial distance from the centerline. find (a) the shear stress, w, at r
Answers
In fluid mechanics, the radius of a pipe plays a crucial role in determining the flow characteristics of fluids within it. When a fluid flows through a pipe, it exerts shear stress on the pipe walls, and this shear stress can be quantified by examining the velocity gradient at different points within the pipe. In this derivation, we will establish the formula for shear stress at a radial distance r from the pipe's centerline.
Let's assume that the fluid is flowing in the z-direction through a pipe with a radius of R. The velocity profile of the fluid can be described using the Hagen-Poiseuille equation:
u(r) = (P/4 * L * µ) * [(R^2 - r^2)]
Here, P represents the pressure difference across the pipe, L denotes the length of the pipe, and µ signifies the dynamic viscosity of the fluid. Using this equation, we can calculate the velocity gradient of the fluid:
du/dr = -(P/4 * L * µ) * 2r
At a radial distance r from the centerline of the pipe, the shear stress can be determined using the following formula:
w = µ * (du/dr) = -µ * (P/2 * L * r)
Consequently, the shear stress at a radial distance r from the centerline of a pipe is directly proportional to the pressure difference across the pipe and the distance from the centerline. As the radial distance r increases, the shear stress also increases accordingly.
To know more about pressure visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30673967
#SPJ11
A group of scientists studied the environmental impact of internal combustion engines burning hydrocarbon fuels. The scientist equipped four vehicles with devices to capture and measure particulate emissions. One vehicle burned diesel fuel, one burned ordinary gasoline, one burned a gasoline/ethanol mixture and one burned natural gas. The four vehicles have equal masses and carried identical cargo. The scientists drove each vehicle 400 km, recording the volume of fuel burns in the quantity of particulate emissions generated. What is the independent variable in this experiment?
Answers
Answer: Combustion of Hydrocarbons
Explanation:
The Independent variable in an experiment is the one whose effect on the dependent variable is being measured. The independent variable therefore is controlled to see the effect it will have in the experiment.
In this experiment, the scientists combusted different types of hydrocarbons (diesel, gasoline, natural gas and a gasoline/ethanol mixture) as they aimed to find out the effect that this burning would have on the environment thereby making the combustion of hydrocarbons the independent variable.
Answer:
A. Type of Fuel
Explanation: The quantity of particulate Matter (PM) primarily depends upon the type of fuel used. Fine carbonaceous particles are mainly responsible for PM emissions. Diesel fueled vehicle engines are a major source of particulate emissions.
a commercial refrigerator with r-134a as the working fluid is used to keep the refrigerated space at -35 c by rejecting waste heat to cooling water that enters the condenser at 18 c at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and leaves at 26 c. the refrigerant enters the condenser at 1.2 mpa and 50 c and leaves at the same pressure subcooled by 6 c. if the compressor consumes 3.3 kw of power , determine (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, b) the refrigerant load, c) the cop, and d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.
Answers
At 1.2mpa pressure and 50c
What is pressure?
By pressing a knife against some fruit, one can see a straightforward illustration of pressure. The surface won't be cut if you press the flat part of the knife against the fruit. The force is dispersed over a wide area (low pressure).
a)Mass flow rate of the refrigerant
Therefore h1= condenser inlet enthalpy =278.28KJ/Kg
saturation temperature at 1.2mpa is 46.29C
Therefore the temperature of the condenser
T2 = 46.29C - 5
T2 = 41.29C
Now,
d)power consumed by compressor W = 3.3KW
Q4 = QL + w = Q4
QL = mR(h1-h2)-W
= 0.0498 x (278.26 - 110.19)-3.3
=5.074KW
Hence refrigerator load is 5.74Kg
(COP)r = 238/53
(Cop) = 4.490
Therefore the above values are the (a) mass flow rate of the refrigerant, b) the refrigerant load, c) the cop, and d) the minimum power input to the compressor for the same refrigeration load.
To learn more about pressure
https://brainly.com/question/13717268
#SPJ4
Most regulatory signs are?
Answers
Answer:
Most regulatory signs are square or rectangular except for STOP signs, which are octagonal, and YIELD signs, which are equilateral triangles with one point straight down.
Explanation:
Answer:
Most regulatory signs are square or rectangular except for STOP signs, which are octagonal, and YIELD signs, which are equilateral triangles with one point straight down.
Please give me brainliest - you get 25% as well! I swear!
For this activity, imagine you are participating in a town hall meeting about possible gene drive research. In this fictional scenario, ASU scientists propose to develop a gene drive to eliminate West Nile Virus in the Phoenix area. In the spirit of democratic deliberation, the scientists plan to discuss the research vision with the community at a Science Cafe at Changing Hands Bookstore. Select one of the meeting participants to play from the list below. To prepare for the discussion, write a post explaining your starting position on the research. Are you in favor? Have questions? Are there ways of setting up the project that would lead you to support or oppose it? Etc.Participants:
A Tempe city council member
A retiree who has recently moved to Arizona to be near kids
A stay-at-home parent with young children
A local hardware store employee
Answers
As a local hardware store employee, I have concerns about the long-term consequences and risks of a gene drive for eliminating West Nile Virus.
Participant: A local hardware store employee
Post:
As a local hardware store employee, I have a vested interest in the well-being of the Phoenix community. I understand that the scientists from ASU are proposing the development of a gene drive to eliminate West Nile Virus in our area, and I believe it's crucial to have an open discussion about this research vision.
Firstly, I want to emphasize that I am not an expert in genetics or public health. However, I do have concerns and questions regarding the potential implementation of a gene drive for such a purpose.
My main concern revolves around the long-term consequences and potential risks associated with altering the genetic makeup of organisms, even if it is for a positive outcome like eliminating West Nile Virus. While the eradication of this disease is undoubtedly a worthy goal, we must ensure that the benefits outweigh any unintended negative effects.
Before I can fully support or oppose this research, I would like to better understand the safeguards that would be put in place to prevent any unintended ecological disruptions. What are the contingency plans if the gene drive were to have unintended consequences on non-target species? Are there measures in place to address potential resistance to the gene drive in the West Nile Virus-carrying mosquitoes? These are critical questions that must be answered to assess the feasibility and safety of this project.
Additionally, it would be crucial to involve a diverse range of stakeholders in the decision-making process. Engaging with experts in genetics, public health officials, and environmentalists, along with community members, will help ensure that all perspectives are taken into account. Transparency and inclusivity are key to fostering trust and ensuring that the decision ultimately made serves the best interests of our community.
In conclusion, while I recognize the importance of addressing the issue of West Nile Virus, I approach the proposal for a gene drive with caution. My starting position is one of skepticism and the need for further information. I believe a comprehensive risk assessment, robust stakeholder engagement, and a thorough examination of potential unintended consequences are necessary before making a final determination on supporting or opposing the project.
Learn more about Gene drive
brainly.com/question/30243090
#SPJ11
A rectangular channel 3 m wide carries 4 m3/s of water at a depth of 1.5 m. If an obstruction 15 cm high is placed across the channel, calculate the elevation of the water surface over the obstruction. What is the maximum height of the obstruction that will not cause a rise in the water surface upstream
Answers
Answer:
the elevation of the water surface over the obstruction is highest at 1.341 m
the maximum height of the obstruction h = 0.159 m
Explanation:
From the given information:
The diagrammatic expression for the water profile showing a rectangular channel with 3 cm width carrying a 4 m3/s of water at a depth of 1.5 m with an obstruction 15 cm high is placed across the channel can be seen in the diagram attached below.
To calculate the elevation of the water surface over the obstruction, we need to determine the following:
a. the velocity of the channel
b. the froude number at the upstream of the obstruction
c. the specific energy level
To start with the velocity V of the channel.
\(V_1 = \dfrac{Q}{A} \\ \\ V_1 = \dfrac{4 \ m^3/s}{(3 \times 1.5 ) m^2 } \\ \\ V_1 = \dfrac{4 \ m^3/s}{4.5 \ m^2}\)
\(V_1 = 0.88 \ m/sec\)
The froude number at the upstream of the obstruction
\(F _{\zeta} = \dfrac{V_1}{\sqrt{gy__1}}\)
\(F _{\zeta} = \dfrac{0.88}{\sqrt{9.81 \times 1.5}}\)
\(F _{\zeta} = \dfrac{0.88}{\sqrt{14.715}}\)
\(F _{\zeta} = \dfrac{0.88}{3.836}\)
\(F _{\zeta} =0.229\)
\(F _{\zeta} \simeq0.3\) which is less than the subcritical flow.
Similarly, the specific energy level for this process can be expressed as:
\(E_1 = \dfrac{V_1^2}{2g}+y_1\)
\(E_1 = \dfrac{0.88^2}{2 \times 9.81 }+1.5\)
\(E_1 = \dfrac{0.7744}{19.62 }+1.5\)
\(E_1 =0.039469+1.5\)
\(E_1 =1.539469\)
\(E_1 \simeq1.54 \ m\)
\(E_2 + \Delta z = E_1\)
\(E_2= E_1 - \Delta z\)
\(E_2= (1.54 - 0.15) \ m\)
\(E_2=1.39 \ m\)
Suppose ;
\(V_1 y_1 = V_2y_2\\ \\ Then; \ making \ V_2 \ the \ subject \ of \ the \formula\ we \ have: \\ \\ \\V_2 = \dfrac{V_1 y_1}{y_2} ---- (1)\)
From the energy equation:
\(E_2 + \Delta z = E_1\)
we can now substitute the above derived parameter and have :
\(E_2 + \Delta z=y_1 + \dfrac{V_1^2}{2g}\)
\(E_2 =y_1 + \dfrac{V_1^2}{2g} - \Delta z\)
\(E_2 =y_2 + \dfrac{V_2^2}{2g}\)
replace the value of \(V_2\) =\(\dfrac{V_1 y_1}{y_2}\) in equation (1), we have:
\(E_2 =y_2 + \dfrac{( \dfrac{V_1y_1}{y_2})^2}{2g}\)
\(E_2 =y_2 + \dfrac{ {V_1^2y_1^2}}{2gy_2^2}\)
\(E_2 \times y_2^2 =y^3_2 + \dfrac{ {V_1^2y_1^2}}{2g}\)
\(y^3_2 - E_2y^2_2 + \dfrac{V_1^2y_1^2}{2g}=0\)
Replacing our values now; we have:
\(y^3_2 - 1.39 \times y^2_2 + \dfrac{0.88^2 \times 1.5^2}{2 \times 9.81}=0\)
\(y^3_2 - 1.39 \times y^2_2 + \dfrac{1.7424}{19.62}=0\)
\(y^3_2 - 1.39 \times y^2_2 + 0.0888=0\)
\(y^3_2 - 1.39 y^2_2 + 0.0888=0\)
\(y_2 = 1.341 \ m \\ \\ y_2 = - 0.232 \ m \\ \\ y_2 = 0.281 \ m\)
Therefore,the elevation of the water surface over the obstruction is highest at 1.341 m
What is the maximum height of the obstruction that will not cause a rise in the water surface upstream
In order to determine the maximum height , we need to first estimate the rise in water level surface of \(\Delta z\)
\(\Delta z\) = 1.5 - (1.341+ 0.15) m
\(\Delta z\) = (1.5 - 1.491) m
\(\Delta z\) = 0.009 m
Finally, the maximum height of the obstruction h = (0.009 + 0.15 )m
the maximum height of the obstruction h = 0.159 m
What disadvantages can a resort come across
Answers
Answer:
the disadvantages can be people's thoughts about them and also a rival resort nearby which looks more posh pls mark brainliest i need 5 more for next rank thank you
Explanation:
Where do you look
for leaks coming from
the differential of a car?
Answers
Answer:
the side of the cover and draining along the bottom.Apr 1, 2021
Explanation:
i talking turtle with a key on its back told me