genes on the same chromosome are said to be __________.

Answer:

NOT MY ANSWERS! COPIED FROM palmchika13!!

Complete dominance occurs when the dominant allele completely masks the recessive allele in heter0zyg0us individuals. 1) 100% / 2) no chance / 3) 50% / 4) no chance / 5) 1:2:1.

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Available data:

→ Six diallelic genes code for six different traits.

→ All genes express complete dominance, meaning that the dominant allele hides the expression of the recessive one.

→ Beyonce ⇒ ee ww Dd Hh cc Bb

→ Bruno Mars ⇒ ee ww dd Hh CC Bb

→ Cross:  Beyonce x Bruno Mars

****************************

1) Earlobes

Parentals)   ee   x   ee

Gametes)   e   e    e    e

Punnett square)    e         e

                    e      ee       ee

                    e      ee       ee

F1) 100% of the progeny is expected to have unattached earlobes, ee.

******************

2) hairline

Parentals)   ww   x   ww

Gametes)  w   w    w    w

Punnett square)    w        w

                    w     ww       ww

                    w     ww       ww

F1) 100% of the progeny is expected to have straight hairline, ww.

     There is no chance for their children to have widow’s peak because both of them are h0m0zyg0us recessive for the trait.

***********************

3) Dimples

Parentals)   Dd   x   dd

Gametes)  D   d     d    d

Punnett square)    D        d

                    d     Dd       dd

                    d     Dd      dd

F1) 2/4 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to have dimples, dd

   2/4 = 1/2 = 50% of the progeny is expected to have no dimples, Dd.

***********************

4) Chin

Parentals)   CC   x   cc

Gametes)   C  C     c    c    

Punnett square)    C         C

                    c      Cc       Cc

                    c      Cc       Cc

F1) 100% of the progeny is expected to have cleft chin, Cc  

    There is no chance for their children to have smooth chin because one of them is h0m0zyg0us dominant and the other one is h0m0zyg0us recessive for the trait. C hides the expression of c.  

The whole porgeny is expected to be heter0zyg0us, Cc, expressing cleft chin.

***********************

5) Eyes

Parentals)   Bb   x   Bb

Gametes)   B   b     B    b

Punnett square)    B         b

                    B      BB      Bb

                    b      Bb       bb

F1)   3/4 = 75% of the progeny is expected to have brown eyes, BB + Bb  

      1/4 = 25% of the progeny is expected to have blue eyes, bb

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Answer:

Form an explanatory hypothesis. Test the hypothesis by performing an experiment and collecting data in a reproducible manner. Analyze the data. Interpret the data and draw conclusions that serve as a starting point for a new hypothesis.

The reproductive organs in humans which produce the gametes are the ovaries in females and the testicles in males.

The reproductive organs in humans are responsible to produce gametes such as spermatic germinal cells in the testicles of males or ovule germinal gametic cells in the ovaries of females, these gametes are produced by the process of meiosis.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the reproductive organs in humans are the testicles in males and the ovaries in females capable of producing gametes by meiosis.

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Answer:

Afterimage.

Explanation:

An afterimage describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus. For example, when you stare briefly at the sun and then look away from it, you may still perceive a spot of light although the stimulus (the sun) has been removed.

Hope this helps! :)

Answer:

As air rises, the pressure decreases. It is this lower pressure at higher altitudes that causes the temperature to be colder on top of a mountain than at sea level.

Answer:

Hey there!

The sun is so far away, it has little effect on the temperature at different elevations. Also, Mt. Everest's top is very high in altitude, and higher altitudes have cooler temperatures.

Let me know if this helps :)

Answer:

co2

Explanation:

Hope this helps, have a nice day!

The enzyme(s) called peptidases break(s) down the substrate called proteins.

Peptidases are the digestive enzymes that can break down the large proteins into smaller peptides or even single amino acids. This process is known as proteolysis. The enzyme is produced in the small intestine of the digestive system.

Proteins are the biomolecules made up of amino acid as the monomers. These are the functional forms of genes that are involved in every function of the body. The proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the cell where ribosomes are present. Proteins are involved in functions like signaling, enzymatic, transport, etc.

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Answer: When the plant has enough water in its cells the guard cells swell up and open the stomata. When the plant isn't getting enough water the guard cells can't swell and the stomata stay closed, so the plant doen's lose water. But if the stomata are closed photosynthesis can't happen and eventually the plant might starve.

Explanation:

You would face the issues of bias in sampling and compliance of subjects. This can be avoided by having a good experimental design.

It can be difficult to ensure a representative and impartial sample of participants. You can use random sampling strategies to solve this and make sure the sample has a varied range of kids from various backgrounds and academic levels.

It can be difficult to ensure that children consistently participate in and adhere to the nutrition program. Improve compliance and reduce dropout rates by putting measures like frequent reminders, rewards, and communication with students, parents, and school personnel into place.

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Answer:

Explanation:

D

Answer:

ds

Explanation:

fdfx

Answer:

A covalent bond is formed as the result of sharing electrons.

Explanation:

HOPE THIS HELPPSS :)

The lac operon in E.coli regulates genes that code for enzymes required for the breakdown of lactose. The lac operon is an inducible operon that is activated in the presence of lactose.

It is a cluster of genes in bacteria that is responsible for the metabolism of lactose. The lactose operon consists of three structural genes, lac Z, lac Y, and lac A, that code for enzymes that break down lactose, and a regulatory region, which includes the promoter, operator, and lac I gene. It functions as a switch that turns genes on or off in response to environmental changes. The regulatory region of the lactose operon contains the operator and the promoter. The operator is a DNA sequence that regulates the expression of the genes by acting as a binding site for the regulatory protein.

The promoter is a DNA sequence that is recognized by RNA polymerase, which initiates the transcription of the genes. The lac I gene codes for a regulatory protein called the lac repressor. The lac repressor binds to the operator region of the lac operon and prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor is active and the lac operon is turned off.

When lactose is present in the environment, it binds to the lac repressor and changes its conformation, preventing it from binding to the operator. This allows RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter and transcribe the genes necessary for lactose metabolism. Thus, the lactose operon is an inducible operon that is activated in the presence of lactose.

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Answer: True,

Explanation:

Answer:

1) The difference between chemical gradient and electrical gradient is that chemical gradient refers to the change in concentration of an ion or molecule in a solution across a biological membrane while electrical gradient refers to the existence of an electrical potential difference that leads to the movement of charged ions towards or away from the electrical potential

2) Electrochemical gradient is the charge and ion concentration difference across a biological membrane

3) No because electrochemical gradient which consists of both an electrical and chemical gradient have a complementary effect in determining the level of the electrochemical gradient.

Explanation:

The electrochemical gradient is the gradient of the electrochemical potential and is usual for a positive and negative ion that can move across the membrane.

The gradient is made of two parts that are chemical which is different in solutes that can move across the membrane and have an electrical component that shows difference in changes across the membrane.

The electrostatic gradient is a potential used in an iron that can be used across the membrane. Due to unequal concertation of ions, they will move across the simple diffusion.

The electrochemical has potential in electroanalytical industries as batteries and fuels. The gradient has contrasting components as change across the membrane.

Find out more information about the electrical gradient.

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Answer:

Scientists have long known that the body adjusts to the oxygen-deprived conditions of high altitudes. ... The traditional explanation has been that low-oxygen conditions cause the body to build new red blood cells, making it easier to supply oxygen to muscles and vital organs.

Answer:

First passed in 1972, the Clean Water Act (CWA) serves to maintain chemical, biological and physical integrity of the navigable waters of the United States. The CWA made it unlawful to discharge any pollutant from a point source into navigable waters, unless a permit was obtained.

Explanation:

The Miller assay measures the amount of β-galactosidase protein produced for each strain in the presence of different carbon sources.

The measurement of β-galactosidase protein production for each strain in the presence of different carbon sources is a method used to assess the enzyme's expression level or activity. It provides information about the ability of a strain to utilize specific carbon sources and the regulatory mechanisms involved.

To perform this measurement, the following steps can be taken:

1. Cultivate each strain in separate growth media containing different carbon sources.

2. Allow the strains to grow under controlled conditions.

3. Harvest cells at a specific time point during the growth phase.

4. Lyse the cells to release intracellular proteins, including β-galactosidase.

5. Quantify the amount of β-galactosidase protein using a suitable assay, such as a colorimetric or fluorometric assay.

6. Normalize the measured β-galactosidase activity to cell density or protein concentration to account for variations in cell growth.

7. Compare the β-galactosidase protein production levels among the different strains and carbon sources.

This measurement helps to understand the regulation of β-galactosidase expression and its dependence on different carbon sources, providing insights into the metabolic capabilities of the strains and their utilization of specific carbon substrates.

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The scientific method is a research method that consists of observations, measures, experimentation, analysis, and verification of a hypothesis. Matches: 1d, 2a, 3f, 4e, 5b, 6g, 7c.

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The scientific method is a research method that consists of systematic observations, measures, experimentation, analysis, and verification of a hypothesis.  It is based on reproducibility and refutability.

When conducting an experiment, you need to consider,

According to this framework, we can answer the question

1. Make an observation

d. The plants in my kitchen aren’t growing.

2. State the problem

a. Why aren’t the plants in my kitchen growing?

3. Identify variables

f. The amount of water my plants are getting and how much the plants grow.

4. Create a hypothesis

e. Will the amount of water I give my plants affect their growth?

5. Design an experiment

b. I will use three of the same type of plants. I will give plant A no water for one month. I will give Plant B five ounces of water daily for one month. I will give Plant C two ounces of water daily for one month. All plants will have access to direct sunlight for 6 hours a day.

6. Collect Data

g. After one month I see that Plant A did not grow and its leaves are brown. Plant B’s stem has grown by 4 inches and its leaves are large and green. Plant C has grown by 1 inch and has small green leaves.

7. Draw a conclusion

c. When I water my plants with five ounces of water daily, they will grow and maintain large, healthy leaves.  

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Answer:

1.d

2.a

3.f

4.e

5.b

6.g

7.c

Explanation:

I got it right and wanted to simplify it for you!!!

Animal      Cat Fish Turtle Lamprey Frog

Hair                 No  No   No            No     No

Amniotic egg  Yes   No   Yes           No            No

Four legs Yes    No  yes      No  Yes

Jaw                 Yes  Yes  Yes            Yes  Yes

Vertebrae Yes  Yes  Yes            Yes Yes

Evolution is described as the change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Adaptations made by organisms to their altering environments are reflected in evolution, which can lead to altered genes, unique features, and the emergence of new species.

Both changes in genetic variability and shifts in allele frequencies throughout time affect evolutionary processes.

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The osmolarity of the filtrate increases at the proximal convoluted tubule in the human nephron.

Osmolarity refers to the concentration of dissolved particles or solutes in a solution. This concentration determines the movement of fluids across cellular membranes, as well as the movement of solutes within the solution. In the human body, osmolarity is critical in regulating water and electrolyte balance, as well as aiding in the filtration of blood and the production of urine.

The human nephron is the functional unit of the human urinary system, which is responsible for the filtration of blood and the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance. It is responsible for filtering blood, regulating fluid and electrolyte levels, and producing urine. The nephron accomplishes this through a complex process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion that occurs in several distinct regions of the nephron.

In summary, the osmolarity of the filtrate increases at the proximal convoluted tubule in the human nephron.

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The weight change rule for the ith neuron in an associative reward-penalty (Arp) network takes the form Awij = n[(yi - f(a)r + 1(1-yi-f(a))(1 – r) ]x;(i) By considering all possible combinations of the binary output y and the binary reinforcement r for this action, show that this rule implements an effective means to improve performance in an initially unknown and uncertain environment.

(9 marks)Consider the binary output y and the binary reinforcement r:If yi = 1 and r = 1, then the term (1 - yi - f(a)) becomes 0 and the weight update isAwij = n[(1 - f(a))]xIf yi = 0 and r = 0, then the term (1 - yi - f(a)) becomes 1 and the weight update isAwij = n[(1 - r))](1)xIf yi = 0 and r = 1, then the term (1 - yi - f(a)) becomes 1 and the weight update isAwij = n[(-f(a))]xIf yi = 1 and r = 0, then the term (1 - yi - f(a)) becomes 0 and the weight update isAwij = n[(1 - yi)].

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Answer: Low power is usually used for scanning a slide in order to view the content of the slide very clearly without missing any cell. The lower the magnification, the higher the view.

It is due to decreasing absorption of solar radiation by the rarefied atmosphere and increasing cooling by CO2 radiative emission.

Between 30 and 50 miles above the surface of the Earth, or 50 to 80 kilometers, is the mesosphere, a region of the upper atmosphere. The highest temperature in the stratosphere at which the mesosphere is regarded as existing is known as the stratopause, which separates the two areas.

The graphic below illustrates how the layers of the atmosphere can be separated based on temperature. The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere are those layers. The exosphere is a different zone that starts roughly 500 km above the surface of the Earth.

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The specific innate behavior being described in this scenario is homing behavior. Homing behavior is the ability of an animal to return to a specific location or home base after navigating long distances away from it.

In the case of salmon, they are able to migrate thousands of miles in the ocean, but they are able to use various cues such as magnetic fields, chemical cues, and visual landmarks to navigate back to the specific location where they were hatched. This behavior is critical for their survival and reproductive success as it allows them to return to the spawning grounds where they can reproduce and ensure the continuation of their species.

Understanding the mechanisms and cues involved in homing behavior in salmon is important for conservation efforts and fisheries management. Researchers study this behavior to gain insights into how different animals navigate and find their way back to specific locations in their environment.

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Organizations and agencies are a result of government involvement in environmental protection issues.

The organizations are made to protect the environment.

These organizations protect the trees, and animals and make rules to conserve the environment.

The saving environment is important to protect mankind.

Some organizations are worldwide fund, PETA, department of environment, food and rural affairs, etc.

Thus, the correct option is c. government involvement

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Answer: C. government involvement

Answer: i think true

Explanation: The corn syrup has less water than the egg it's hypertonic so it sucks water out of the egg through the membrane. The water is hypotonic relative to the egg meaning it has more water, as you might guess so the egg pulls water inside

Answer:

it should go in this order (starting and going from left to right) [see explanation]

Explanation:

carbon dioxide and water are your reactants

sunlight should go in the blue box

glucose and oxygen are your products

hope this helped xx

Answer:

first one is carbon dioxide. The second one is water. The third one is sunlight. The fourth one is sugar. And the last one is oxygen

Explanation:

The body temperature is controlled by the center in the brain. The thermoregulatory center has the receptors which monitor the temperature of the blood. We also find temperature receptors in the hypothalamus of the brain. These send electrical impulses down the neurons to the thermoregulatory center in the brain.

Thermoregulation is the mechanism by which mammals such as humans maintain their body temperature with tightly controlled self-regulation which is independent of the external temperature. These organisms are called homeotherms.

Temperature regulation is a type of homeostasis and is a means of preserving a stable internal temperature of the body in order to survive in the various environmental conditions. The thermoregulation system includes the hypothalamus in the brain, as well as the sweat glands, skin, and the circulatory system.

The human body maintains temperature at which the enzymes work best, which is around 37°C. This process is controlled by the thermoregulatory center which is present in the hypothalamus of the brain, and it contains the receptors which are sensitive to the temperature of the blood.

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