In grapes, the wild-type DND1 gene confers resistance to attain viruses, and strains are susceptible to viruses. The EDS1 gene confers resistance to powdery mildew, a type of fungal infection. The genes are linked, eight map units apart on chromosome 17. A third gene, IR 1. imparts resistance to certain lepidopteran leafminers and is 10 map units from EDS1 and 18 map units from UNDI The abserved double crossover rate is 0.3%. What is the interference?
a. 37.5%
b. 25.%
c. 62.5%
d. 75%
Answers
Answer:
I = 62.5%
Explanation:
Available data:
the wild-type DND1 gene confers resistance to attain viruses. Strains are susceptible to virusesThe EDS1 gene confers resistance to powdery mildew, a type of fungal infection The genes are linked, eight map units apart on chromosomeA third gene, IR 1. imparts resistance to certain lepidopteran leafminers and is 10 map units from EDS1 and 18 map units from DNDIThe observed double crossover rate is 0.3%According to this information, we can picture the position of each gene in the chromosome
---DND1----------------------EDS1-----------------------------------IR1---
║---------- 8MU---------║------------------10MU-------------║
║------------------------------18MU------------------------------║
The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which one of every 100 meiotic products results in a recombinant product.
1% of recombinations = 1 map unit = 1cM. The maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.
So, if we know the distances between genes, we know their recombination percentages.
DND1-EDS1 = 8 MU = 8% recombinationEDSI-IR1 = 10 MU = 10% recombinationTo calculate interference, first, we need to know the coefficient of coincidence, CC.
CC= observed double recombinant frequency/expected double recombinant frequency
Note:
observed double recombinant frequency=total number of observed double recombinant individuals/total number of individuals expected double recombinant frequency: recombination frequency in region I x recombination frequency in region II.CC= (0.003)/(0.08 x 0.1)
CC=0.003/0.008
CC=0.375
CC = 37.5%
The coefficient of interference, I, is complementary with CC.
I = 1 - CC
I = 1 - 0.375
I = 0.625
I = 62.5%
Related Questions
1. What do you think plants need to grow and stay healthy?
Gizmos
Answers
Answer:
What do you think plants need to grow and stay healthy? Soil, water, sunlight, and oxygen. 2. Soil is a combination of tiny rock fragments and decayed plant materials.
As the human population increases, how do people use land differently? A. Grasslands are used for cropland. B. Developed land is converted to wetlands. C. More land is available for animal habitats. D. Urban land becomes cropland.
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The others don't make sense, and are the opposite of what would happen if human population increased.
As the human population increases, people tend to use land differently in various ways. One of the ways is by converting grasslands into cropland to meet the increasing demand for food. The correct option is A.
What are the different uses of land?The conversion of grasslands into croplands results in the loss of natural habitats and biodiversity. Additionally, some developed land is being converted into wetlands to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization on the environment.
However, this process is slow and limited due to the cost and complexity involved. Another way is by setting aside more land for animal habitats, which helps to protect endangered species and maintain ecological balance.
Lastly, as urbanization continues, there is a trend towards urban agriculture, where urban land is converted into cropland to support local food production and reduce transportation costs.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
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Why do large scale mutations have such a significant effect on organisms?
Answers
Large-scale mutations can have a significant effect on organisms because they involve changes in the DNA sequence that affect the function or expression of one or more genes.
These mutations can result in changes to the structure or function of proteins, which are the building blocks of cells and perform many critical functions in the body.
In some cases, large-scale mutations can also affect multiple genes or entire genetic pathways, leading to more widespread effects on an organism's physiology or behavior. This can result in reduced fitness, decreased survival, or even extinction in some cases.
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which of the following human diseases is caused by a virus that requires reverse transcriptase to transcribe its genome inside the host cell?
Answers
AIDS is the next human disease caused by a virus that requires reverse transcriptase to transcribe its genome inside the host cell.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) uses reverse transcriptase to make a double-stranded RNA copy of its DNA genome. - Retroviruses like HIV have an RNA genome and can use reverse transcriptase to create a double-stranded DNA copy of the genome and integrate it into the genome of the host cell.
Cells in which the virus utilizes metabolism for growth and replication or cells into which plasmids are introduced in recombinant DNA experiments. In bioprocessing, cells engineered and cultured to express the protein of interest are the host cells of the expression system.
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HURRY PLEASEE IM TIMEDD. Which correctly describes an organelle and its function?
An endoplasmic reticulum breaks down waste and other materials in the cell.
A Golgi apparatus packages and transports materials out of the cell.
Ribosomes help produce, process, and transport proteins inside the cell.
Lysosomes break down sugar molecules in order to supply energy to the cell.
Answers
why is a floating ice layer important to aquatic organisms?
Answers
Answer:
It helps life survive on Earth.
Explanation:
Since water ice floats, it helps life survive on Earth. This ice layer insulates the water below it, allowing it to stay liquid, which allows the life within it to survive. If ice sank, the liquid water on top would also freeze and sink, until all the liquid water became frozen.
Explain symbiotic relationship with examples.
Answers
Answer:
the first thing that came to mind for me was marriage between a husband and his wife. they take care or each other. if one is sick, the other helps them to feel better. if one needs attention, the other when possible will give it to their spouse. in the long-run, the husband will be able to help his wife, and likewise, the wife will be able to help her husband.
hope this helps :)
if so, please mark as brainliest
which organelle
produces the cells energy
Answers
Here is a Answer to your question:
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
I am sorry if this was not helpful
Hope this was helpful
Answer:
Mitochondria
Explanation:
whether bats undergo metamorphosis
Answers
Answer: no they don’t
Explanation: bats are mammals. They don’t undergo re-organisation of tissues, they simply grow.
For those women who are not progressing at all or the baby is showing early signs of distress, the decision is
often made to induce labor. This uses a synthetic form of oxytocin, called Pitocin, which is given intravenously
(IV) to the woman to get the contractions going. It is often stopped after a few hours. Why might that be?
Answers
Answer:
It is common for contractions to occur every often meaning a sign of labor might be happening soon
Explanation:
Simply meaning your brain is telling your system the baby is ready
What is organic waste of animals and plants to enrich soil called?
Answers
Answer:
Compost, Manure, Organic Matter, Loam
Explanation:
I'm guessing that Organic matter will be the correct answer, but I gave you a few options
What would be the most likely result if humans stopped burning fossil fuels?
A. Greenhouse gases levels would decrease
B. The polar ice caps would melt more quickly
C. There would be less oxygen in the atmosphere
D. Global warming would increase
Answers
Answer:
A. Greenhouse gases levels would decrease.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Answer:
A. Greenhouse gases levels would decrease
Explanation:
Burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas for energy releases greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. These greenhouse gases contribute to global warming by trapping heat in the atmosphere. If humans stopped burning fossil fuels, it would dramatically reduce the amount of new greenhouse gases being emitted. This would allow atmospheric greenhouse gas levels to gradually decrease over time as natural processes absorbed some of the excess gases.
The other answers are not likely results:
B. The polar ice caps would melt more quickly - Stopping fossil fuel combustion would actually help slow the melting of polar ice caps by reducing global warming.
C. There would be less oxygen in the atmosphere - Fossil fuel combustion does not significantly impact atmospheric oxygen levels.
D. Global warming would increase - Ending fossil fuel use would lead to less global warming in the long run by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
So in summary, the most immediate and likely result of humans stopping fossil fuel combustion would be decreasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, as option A states. This would then help slow climate change impacts like polar ice melting.
Scientists theorized that all ecosystems need sunlight as an energy source. What has been discovered on the ocean floor that has challenged this theory
Answers
Answer:
It has been discovered that many animals make their own light, called bioluminescence, to communicate, find mates, scare predators, or attract prey in deep ocean floor. Most animals cope with this by being very small and needing less to eat or by growing very slowly. they also feed on plankton and other animal waste that falls down from upper ocean.
why do you add chilled methylated spirits to the filtrate
Answers
Answer:
The detergent breaks apart the cellular membranes and the salt binds to the DNA to make it less able to remain soluble in water (it neutralizes the charge of the DNA and it is less able to bind to water).
Explanation:
hope this helps
temperate grasslands
Answers
Classification is based on both observations and inferences. Observations may include the shape of a
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Many organisms have been moved from one taxonomic group to another. Many taxonomists now
classify wolves and dogs as one species. Similarly, fungi were once classified as plants but then moved
into their own separate kingdom. Review the information presented in this lesson, and recall what
already know about dogs and fungi.
you
What inferences can you make to explain the proposed change in the classification of wolves and dogs
Answers
Answer: Dogs and wolves may be classified as one species due to their capacity to interbreed and create practical descendant. This suggests near connection, possibly not unmistakable species as customarily caught on. Taxonomists may consider other likenesses in wolves and mutts for classification alter. Wolf/dog species classification is talked about among taxonomists.
Explanation:
At the crossing of two white sheep, a lamb with a black coat is born.
How can this apparent anomaly be genetically explained?
Answers
Answer:
The two white sheep could have genetics of its ancestors.
Explanation:
Lets use a punnett square (file attached)
W = White
w = Black
The parents of the baby sheep could still have the recessive trait (w) in the genes making a chance of the baby being black.
You are interested in analyzing the segregation of petal color in tulips over generations. You are tracking red and white petal colors, and lets assume that petal color results from a single-gene. You know from a trial cross that the F1 progeny from crossing a pure red tulip to a pure white tulip results in all red progeny. For the following questions, use the letters R and r to denote petal color genotype and make sure to clearly indicate the associated phenotypes.
Petal Color Questions
1. Based on the information given above, what do you know about which trait is dominant and which is recessive? Why?
a. If "R" is used to denote the genotype of the dominant allele, which petal color does "R" represent?
b. If "r" is used to denote the genotype of the recessive allele, which petal color does "r" represent?
Answers
Answer:
1. R is dominant, and r is recessive. I know this information because the crossing of two pure red and white tulips means that the red tulip genotype is RR, and the white is rr. In other words, they are two h0m0zygous alleles. When we do a Punnet square, we can see that all the progeny is red since it is the trait that dominated over the white one.
a. R represents the red petal color.
b. r represents the white petal color.
Explanation:
To determine which gene is the dominant and which one is the recessive, we have to look at the information that we have.
We know that the cross of a pure red tulip and a pure white tulip results in all red tulips. If we know that they are pure, they are hom0zygonious (RR and rr).
When we draw a Punnet square we can see that the offsprings will all have the genotype Rr and as we knew that offsprings were all red, we can deduce that the domiant trait is red (R), while the recessive one (white) is r. In other words, the dominat gene (red) will express itself while the recessive(white) won't. As a result, the tulips will be red.
║R║ R
r║Rr║Rr
r║Rr║Rr
‼️‼️NEED HELP ASAP)‼️‼️‼️
Structure of Cell Function:
Factory Part or Worker:
{Cell Structure Project}
>Compare Cell to Factory Or Worker<
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Answer:
I don't know if this will help but here you go.
Answer:
I can help you but I only know of the functions mitochondrion site for respiration ribosomes site for protein synthesis nucleus controls all the activities of the cell cell membrane selects what enters and leaves the cell blogger apparatus body packaging transport glycoproteins and manufacture lysosomes I'm not sure about the cell wall I'm sorry this is all I can offer
3. How is Acetyl-CoA prsluced during the acrobic oxidation of carbohydrates, and what happens to it? How is it produced during the aerobic oxidation of titty acids, and what happens to it
Answers
During the aerobic oxidation of carbohydrates, acetyl-CoA is produced through a series of metabolic reactions known as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. During the aerobic oxidation of fatty acids, acetyl-CoA is produced through a process called beta-oxidation.
Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria, where it undergoes further processing to produce acetyl-CoA. This conversion occurs through a process called pyruvate decarboxylation, where pyruvate loses a carbon dioxide molecule and combines with coenzyme A (CoA) to form acetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA is a key molecule in energy metabolism and serves as a precursor for the citric acid cycle.
During the aerobic oxidation of fatty acids, acetyl-CoA is produced through a process called beta-oxidation. Fatty acids are broken down into two-carbon units, which then combine with CoA to form acetyl-CoA. This process occurs in the mitochondria, where fatty acids are sequentially cleaved into acetyl-CoA molecules. The acetyl-CoA molecules can enter the citric acid cycle to generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation.
Once acetyl-CoA is produced, it enters the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or TCA cycle. In this cycle, acetyl-CoA undergoes a series of enzymatic reactions, resulting in the production of ATP, NADH, and FADH2. These energy-rich molecules are then utilized in the electron transport chain to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Active transport move particles in and out of the cell_____
Answers
Answer:
against the concentration gradient
Explanation:
What is the origin of the term cell in biology?
Answers
Answer:
The Origins Of The Word 'Cell' In the 1660s, Robert Hooke looked through a primitive microscope at a thinly cut piece of cork. He saw a series of walled boxes that reminded him of the tiny rooms, or cellula, occupied by monks. Medical historian Dr. Howard Markel discusses Hooke's coining of the word "cell."
Which statistical test is common
for genetics and tests observed
data against the probability of
those values?
A. standard deviation
B. chi-square test
C. ANOVA
Answers
The statistical test that is common for genetics and tests observed data against the probability of those values is the chi-square test.
A statistical technique called the chi-square test is used to compare actual outcomes with predictions. The goal of this test is to establish whether a discrepancy between observed and expected data is the result of chance or a correlation between the variables you are researching.
What is studied in genetics?
The study of genes and heredity, or how particular characteristics or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence, is known as genetics. A gene is a section of DNA that has the instructions needed to create one or more molecules that support bodily function.
Therefore, the chi-square test is a statistical test that is common for genetics and tests observed data against the probability of those values.
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Are garden pansies “perfect flowers” as in do they have these traits:
•It makes and distributes male gametes.
•It makes female gametes.
•It receives male gametes.
Answers
Yes, they are perfect flowers.
The region of Earth’s magnetic field shaped by the solar wind is called what?
Answers
The region of Earth's magnetic field shaped by the solar wind is called the magnetosphere.
Answer:
magnetosphere
Explanation:
A magnetosphere is that area of space, around a planet, that is controlled by the planet's magnetic field. The shape of the Earth's magnetosphere is the direct result of being blasted by solar wind. The solar wind compresses its sunward side to a distance of only 6 to 10 times the radius of the Earth
The solar wind drags out the night-side magnetosphere to possibly 1000 times Earth's radius; its exact length is not known. This extension of the magnetosphere is known as the Magnetotail
What does the moon not have on its own?
O rotational period
O gravity
O revolution period
Olight
Answers
The Moon can only be seen as a result of the Sun's light reflecting off it. It does not produce any light of its own.
The moon does not produce any light on its own, and can be seen of reflection from sun light
The minimum number of American bird species known to have precise migration instincts is.
A.100+
B.10,000+
C.10+
D.1000+
HURRY answer fast!!!!!
Answers
Answer:
b?
Explanation:
identify what soil in aquarium stones represent
ALOT OF POINTS
Answers
Organ system campaign advertisement
Answers
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What was the downfall of settling near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
Answers
Answer:
Floods wiped out a lot, and I'm pretty sure there was sickness