Ketone 1 gives two different bicyclic products depending on the base used: when treated with potassium tert-butoxide at room temperature, it produces ketone 2, while when treated with LDA at low temperatures and then heated, it produces ketone 3. Write arrow-pushing mechanisms for the formation of both 2and 3and explain why the reaction conditions favor each product

Answers

Answer 1

Ketone 1 undergoes different reactions depending on the base used.

When treated with potassium tert-butoxide at room temperature, it produces ketone 2 via an intramolecular aldol reaction.

On the other hand, when treated with LDA at low temperatures, it undergoes a kinetic enolate formation followed by intramolecular cyclization to give an intermediate, which upon heating, eliminates lithium and produces ketone 3. The reaction conditions favor each product due to the different reactivity of the bases.

Potassium tert-butoxide is a strong base and promotes a fast aldol reaction at room temperature, while LDA is a weaker base that requires low temperatures to form the kinetically favored enolate intermediate, which upon heating, undergoes lithium elimination to give ketone 3.

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Related Questions

Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years. How long will it take for 112. 5 g of a 120. 0-g sample to decay radioactively? 5,730 years 11,460 years 17,190 years 22,920 years.

Answers

The time taken by Carbon-14 to decay radioactively from 120g to 112.5g is 22,920 years.

How do we calculate the total time of decay?

Time required for the whole radioactive decay of any substance will be calculated by using the below link:

T = (n)(t), where

t = half life time = 5730 yearsn = number of half life required for the decay

Initial mass of Carbon-14 = 120g

Final mass of Carbon-14 = 112.5g

Left mass = 120 - 112 = 7.5g

Number of required half life for this will be:

1: 120 → 602: 60 → 303: 30 → 154: 15 → 7.5

4 half lives are required, now on putting values we get

T = (4)(5730) = 22,920 years

Hence required time for the decay is 22,920 years.

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the strongest attraction between the arginine (arg) and glutamic acid (glu) side chains holding these polypeptides together is:

Answers

These polypeptides usually contain many amino acid side chains, and different side chains have different physical and chemical properties. Amino acid side chains may interact with each other through a variety of chemical interactions, including electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions.

The strongest attraction between the arginine (arg) and glutamic acid (glu) side chains holding these polypeptides together is salt bridges.The interaction between arginine (arg) and glutamic acid (glu) side chains that holds these polypeptides together is a salt bridge. Salt bridges are electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged amino acid side chains, which may contribute to protein stability. They are especially important in ion channels and enzymes, which require a high degree of specificity and selectivity. Salt bridges occur between acidic and basic residues and are also important in the formation of secondary and tertiary protein structures.These polypeptides usually contain many amino acid side chains, and different side chains have different physical and chemical properties. Amino acid side chains may interact with each other through a variety of chemical interactions, including electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals, and hydrophobic interactions.

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Q4 lodine and chlorine react together to form a compound with the formula ICI.
lodine and chlorine do not form ionic bonds with each other in iodine chloride.
Explain why iodine and chlorine do not form ionic bonds with each other.
D

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

q..

Ionic bonds are not formed between iodine and chlorine as the electronegativity difference is  between iodine and chlorine too low  for an ionic bond to form.

What is an ionic bond?

Ionic bond or electrovalent bond is a type of bond which is formed between two elements when there is an exchange of electrons which takes place between  the atoms resulting in the formation of ions.

When the atom looses an electron it develops a positive charge and forms an ion called the cation while the other atom gains the electron and develops a negative charge  and forms an ion called the anion.

As the two atoms are oppositely charged they attract each other which results in the formation of a bond called the ionic bond.For an ionic bond to form it is essential that there be a large difference in electronegativities of the two atoms.

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What is the molar mass of Ca(NO3)2?
a 102.2 g/mol
b 134.1 g/mol
c O 164.1 g/mol
d 0 204.2 g/mol

Answers

Answer:

C.164.1g/mol

Explanation:

40+14×2+16×6

164

The molar mass of Ca(NO3)2 is 164.1 g/mol.

What is Calcium nitrate?

Calcium nitrate, also called Norgessalpeter (Norwegian salpeter), is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca(NO3)2(H2O)x. The anhydrous compound, which is rarely encountered, absorbs moisture from the air to give the tetrahydrate. Both anhydrous and hydrated forms are colourless salts. Calcium nitrate is mainly used as a component in fertilizers, but it has other applications. Nitrocalcite is the name for a mineral which is a hydrated calcium nitrate that forms as an efflorescence where manure contacts concrete or limestone in a dry environment as in stables or caverns. A variety of related salts are known including calcium ammonium nitrate decahydrate and calcium potassium nitrate decahydrate.

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Which two characteristics describe all animals

Answers

All animals can be dangerous and they would fight for their family. (This might be wrong)

A.6.10
B.90
C.6.00
6.20​

A.6.10B.90C.6.006.20

Answers

Answer:

6.1

Explanation:

Because if you get to the large mark it would be 5 but since its not at 5, it would be 6.1 as you can see in my drawing. It aligns perfectly with 6.1.

A.6.10B.90C.6.006.20

Five molecules will enter the BODY of an organism(1.Amino Acids, 2. Protein, 3. Glucose, 4. Starch, and 5. Oxygen). However, only three molecules will actually enter the CELLS. Which three molecules will enter every cell in the human body?

Answers

i think it is 5 good luck!!!

A 5.0-L sample of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is stored at a temperature of 250.0 K and a pressure of 67.0 Pa. If the pressure is decreased to 60.0 Pa, what will the new temperature be?

Answers

Answer:279.1 K

Explanation:

You'll be using Gay-Lussac's Law for this. P1/T1=P2/T2

I have a class for this, and one of the practice questions was formatted this way, so I used that format and substituted said numbers as needed

P1:67 Pa

P2:60 Pa

T1:250 K

T2:?

I really hope this helps!

A 5.0-L sample of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is stored at a temperature of 250.0 K and a pressure of 67.0

Is there a way for me to get extra switches to switch my home Xbox, I already used all five and the extra one too. If there is no way, please just comment:(

Answers

I don’t think there is another way for you to get an extra switch from your Xbox sorry:((

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please help... thanks... please take all the time you need. :D

Answers

Answer:

1. The vernal equinox

- happens around March 21st

- has days and nights of equal length

2. In the southern hemisphere, the longest day happens during

- June

3. During the winter in the northern hemisphere

- the days are shorter than during summer

Answer:

1)the vernal equinox happens around March 21st

2)in the southern hemisphere the longest day of the year happens during december

3)The days are shorter then during the summer.

Explanation:

A student set up the experiment shown below to determine if radish seeds take in oxygen as they germinate. Methylene blue is a chemical that is blue when oxygen is present but is colorless when oxygen is not present. Containers A and B each contained 200 mL of water and 10 drops of methylene blue. Ten radish seeds were added to container A. Container B had no radish seeds.

A student set up the experiment shown below to determine if radish seeds take in oxygen as they germinate.

Answers

Ten radish seeds were added to container A. Container B had no radish seeds. The purpose of the container B in this experiment is to serve as a control container.

What is the purpose of the control in the experiment?

By using controls, the experimenter can reduce the impact of factors other than the one being researched. This allows us to verify that an experiment is testing what it says it is testing. Controls are important for all sorts of experimental testing, regardless of the subject, and this goes beyond science.

What are the purpose of Methylene blue's function as a marker

Methylene blue is usually employed as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry. The solutions of this chemical are blue when in an oxidizing environment, but turn colorless when exposed to a reducing agent.

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How many Joules are required to raise the temperature of 50g of water from 20 to 100 degrees celsius?


Pls Help!!!!!​

Answers

Q = mcΔt

Q = 50 g x 4.184 J/g°c (100 - 20)°C

Q = 16736 J

Answer:

Q = mcΔt

Explanation:

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.18 J °C g

Mass of water = 50g

Δt = 100 - 20 = 80°C

Q = (50) x (4.18) x (80)

Q = 16720 J is required to raise the temperature of the water

Consider the hypothetical chemical reaction represented by the equation 3 A + 2 B → A 3B 2 Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this equation? i. 3 grams of A react with 2 grams of B to form 1 gram of A 3B 2 ii. 3 atoms of A react with 2 atoms of B to form 1 molecule of A 3B 2 iii. 3 moles of A react with 2 moles of B to form 1 mole of A 3B 2

Answers

Answer:

iii. 3 moles of A react with 2 moles of B to form 1 mole of A 3B 2

Explanation:

A + 2 B → A 3B 2

A chemical equation among other things, gives the stoichiometry of the reaction; that is the relationship between reactants and products.

This relationship is basically stated in moles form the coefficients of the reactants and product.

From the reaction above, we can say;

1 mol of A reacts with 2 mol of B to form 1 mol of A3B2

It cannot be grams because the reactants and products all have different molar masses.

The correct interpretation of the equation of the hypothetical chemical reaction is; Choice (iii) 3 moles of A react with 2 moles of B to form 1 mole of A 3B 2.

Definition:

Chemical equations are equations that make use of chemical formulae and symbols to represent chemical reactions. The left-hand side of a chemical equation represents the reactants and the right-hand side represents the products.

Each reacting entity is also assigned its corresponding stoichiometric coefficient.

However, this stoichiometric coefficient is to quantify the no. of moles of the reactants consumed or products formed as the case may be.

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Below is a bar graph on candy allowance compared to the child's happiness.

​What is the dependent variable of this experiment?
A) average level of happiness
B) how often do you eat candy
C) type of candy
D) if candy is given as a reward

Answers

Answer:

There is no bar graph attached to this question, however, the question can be answered based on the information given in the question.

The answer is A) average level of happiness

Explanation:

In an experiment, the dependent variable is the variable which is measured by the experimenter. It is the variable that responds to changes made to another variable called independent variable.

In the case of this question, it can be determined, even without the bar graph, that the experiment entails how candy allowance affects a child's happiness. Hence, the candy allowance is changed to influence or cause a response in the child's happiness, which is then measured. Therefore, the AVERAGE LEVEL OF HAPPINESS is the dependent variable.

can someone please help me with this:(

can someone please help me with this:(

Answers

Answer:

Some examples of quantitative data include:

Revenue in dollars.

Weight in kilograms.

Age in months or years.

Length in centimeters.

Distance in kilometers.

Height in feet or inches.

Number of weeks in a year.

Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics. It is collected using questionnaires, interviews, or observation, and frequently appears in narrative form. For example, it could be notes taken during a focus group on the quality of the food at Cafe Mac, or responses from an open-ended questionnaire

Explanation:

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Physical properties are

Physical properties are

Answers

Answer:

the 1st one

Explanation:

En condiciones normales 1g de aire ocupa un volumen de 773 mL ¿ qué volumen ocupará la misma masa de aire a 0 ºC y la presión a 93,3 KPa *

Answers

Answer:

El volumen que ocupará la misma masa de aire es 839.49 mL.

Explanation:

Las condiciones normales de presión y temperatura (abreviado CNPT) o presión y temperatura normales (abreviado PTN o TPN), son términos que implican que la temperatura referenciada es de 0ºC (273,15 K) y la presión de 1 atm (definida como 101.325 Pa).

La ley de Boyle dice que “El volumen ocupado por una determinada masa gaseosa a temperatura constante, es inversamente proporcional a la presión”  y se matemáticamente como

Presión*Volumen=constante

o P*V=k

La ley de Charles es una ley que dice que cuando la cantidad de gas y de presión se mantienen constantes, el cociente que existe entre el volumen y la temperatura siempre tendrán el mismo valor:  

\(\frac{V}{T} =k\)

La ley de Gay-Lussac​ establece que la presión de un volumen fijo de un gas, es directamente proporcional a su temperatura. Se expresa matemáticamente como:

\(\frac{P}{T} =k\)

Combinando estas tres leyes se obtiene:

\(\frac{P*V}{T} =k\)

Siendo un estado inicial 1 y un estado final 2, la expresión anterior queda determinada como:

\(\frac{P1*V1}{T1} =\frac{P2*V2}{T2}\)

En este caso:

P1=  101325 PaV1= 773 mLT1= 273.15 KP2= 93,3 kPa= 93300 PaV2= ?T2= 0°C= 273.15 K

Reemplazando:

\(\frac{101325 Pa*773 mL}{273,15 K} =\frac{93300 Pa*V2}{273.15 K}\)

y resolviendo obtenes:

\(V2=\frac{273.15 K}{93300 Pa} *\frac{101325 Pa*773 mL}{273,15 K}\)

V2= 839,49 mL

El volumen que ocupará la misma masa de aire es 839.49 mL.

Calculate the pH of a 0.25 M solution of NaNO2 (Ka(HNO2) = 4.5 x 10^-4) (1.97)
a) pH = 3.35
b) pH = 4.45
c) pH = 5.55
d) pH = 6.65

Answers

The pH of a 0.25 M solution of NaNO2= 6.65.

Given the concentration of NaNO2, we can find the concentration of NaOH and HNO2 as follows:

NaNO2 = 0.25 MNaOH = HNO2 = x

(since they have equal concentrations due to the stoichiometry of the reaction)

Thus, we can write the equilibrium constant expression as:

Ka = x^2/0.25

Now, let's solve for x:

x^2 = 0.25 x 4.5 x 10^-4x = √(0.25 x 4.5 x 10^-4) = 0.015

This value represents the concentration of both HNO2 and NaOH. Since we are interested in pH, we need to find the concentration of H+ ions using the following equation:

Kw = [H+][OH-]

Since we have found the concentration of OH- (which is the same as the concentration of NaOH),

we can solve for H+:

Kw = 1.0 x 10^-14[H+][0.015] = 1.0 x 10^-14[H+] = 6.7 x 10^-13

Finally, we can find pH:

pH = -log[H+]pH = -log(6.7 x 10^-13)pH = 6.65

Therefore, the correct option is d) pH = 6.65.

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What did you include in your response? Check all that apply.

Egyptians worked together to build the pyramids.
Quarries and ancient tools suggest that large slabs were created from rock beds.
The slabs were placed on sleds and pulled to the building site.
Oil was poured on the roadway to make the process easier.
This process is depicted in tomb paintings that date back to 1900 BCE.

Answers

All of the above apply.

Egyptians worked together to build the pyramids.

Quarries and ancient tools suggest that large slabs were created from rock beds.

The slabs were placed on sleds and pulled to the building site.

Oil was poured on the roadway to make the process easier.

This process is depicted in tomb paintings that date back to 1900 BCE.

How old are the pyramids in Egypt?The Giza Pyramids were designed to last forever, and they have. About 4,500 years ago, the enormous tombs from the Old Kingdom of Egypt were constructed.The pharaohs of Egypt believed that they would live forever as gods.

How were pyramids constructed?The most likely scenario is that the Egyptians used a sloping and surrounding embankment made of brick, earth, and sand that was extended in height and length as the pyramid rose and up which stone blocks were towed using sledges, rollers, and levers.

Why were the pyramids built?Pyramids were erected for cultic reasons. Egypt was one of the first civilizations to have this notion. They believed that everyone possessed a second self called the ka.After the death of the physical body, the ka had an everlasting existence.

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How do movement of rocks cause earthquakes?

Answers

Answer:

Well its actually the movement of tectonic plates under the earths surface that when the slide along each other, pull away from each other, or push up against each other they create earth quakes.

Explanation: yes.

given 1 amp of current for 1 hour, which solution would deposit the smallest mass of metal?

Answers

The solution with Cu in CuSO₄ would deposit the smallest mass of metal. Thus the correct answer to the question is C.

The weight of the metal deposited is given by

W = E i t / 96500

where E is the Equivalent mass

i is the current

t is the time

Since the current and time is constant, thus,

W ∝ equivalent mass

The equivalent mass of Fe in FeCl₂ is 56 /2 which is 28 g

The equivalent mass of Ni found in NiCl₂ (aq) is 59 /2 which is 29.5 g

The equivalent mass of Cu found in CuSO₄ (aq)  is 63.5 /4 which is 15.875 g

The equivalent mass of Ag found in AgNO₃ (aq) is 108 /1 which is 108 g

Thus, the equivalent mass of Cu is the least so this solution would deposit the smallest mass of metal.

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The complete question is:

Given 1 amp of current for an hour, which of these solutions would deposit the smallest amount (mass) of metal?

a) Fe found in FeCl₂ (aq)

b) Ni found in NiCl₂ (aq)

c) Cu found in CuSO₄ (aq)

d) Ag found in AgNO₃ (aq)

Convert 220 grams of co2 into moles.

Answers

Answer:

5 moles

Explanation:

By convert grams to moles u need to divided the number of grams to the molar mass

220 ÷ 44.01 = 4.9 ≈ 5.0

If a gas is cooled from 323.0 K to 273.15 K and the volume is kept constant what final pressure, in atm, would result if the original pressure was 750.0 mmHg?

Answers

If a gas is cooled from 323.0 K to 273.15 K and the volume is kept constant, 0.77 atm is the final pressure, in atm, would result if the original pressure was 750.0 mmHg.

The force delivered perpendicularly to an object's surface per unit area across which the force is dispersed is known as pressure (symbol: p / P).[1]: 445  The pressure proportional to the surrounding air is known as gauge pressure, also spelt gauge pressure[a].

Pressure is expressed using a variety of units. Some of these are calculated by dividing a unit of force by a unit of area; for instance, the metric system's unit of pressure, a pascal (Pa), is equal to one newton every square metre (N/m2).

P₁/T₁  = P₂/T₂

P₂ = P₁T₂/T₁

  = 0.91 atm × 273.15 K / 323 K

  = 0.77 atm

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What is the name of an isotope with 23 protons and 25 neutrons?
Select one:

Cadmium

Vanadium

Chromium

Manganese

Answers

Answer: Vanadium

Explanation:

What is the molar mass of Fe(NO3)2?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

179.8548 g/mol

The total mass of all the atoms that make up a mole of a specific molecule, measured in grams, is known as the molar mass or molecular weight. Here the molar mass of Fe(NO₃)₂ is 179.87 g/mol.

One mole of any substance has a mass known as a molar mass. An amount that has a mass equal to its atomic or molecular mass in grams is referred to as a mole of any species (atoms, molecules, ions, or particles). The letter "M" stands for molar mass.

In other terms, the molar mass is the sum of the masses of all the atoms that make up a mole of a specific molecule, expressed in grams.

Here the molar mass of Fe(NO₃)₂ is :

Fe(NO₃)₂ = (1 x 55.85 g) + (2 x 14.01 g) +(6 x 16.00 g)= 179.87 g/mol

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Help me pleaseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Help me pleaseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Answers

Answer:

Try googling it that will help. If not I don't know?

Explanation:

why is tin a metal and carbon is a nonmetal even though they are in the same family in terms of atomic structure

Answers

Answer:

Tin and carbon are both in the same family on the periodic table because they have similar atomic structures. Both are in group 14 of the periodic table, which means they have four valence electrons in their outermost energy level. However, they are classified as different types of elements because of their different properties.

Tin is a metal because it is a good conductor of heat and electricity, has a shiny, metallic appearance, and is malleable and ductile, meaning it can be easily shaped and molded. Carbon, on the other hand, is a nonmetal because it is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, is not shiny, and is not malleable or ductile.

One of the main factors that determine whether an element is a metal or a nonmetal is its ability to conduct heat and electricity. Metals are generally good conductors, while nonmetals are generally poor conductors. The position of an element on the periodic table can give some indication of its conductive properties, but it is not the only factor.

What is composed of two different atoms?

Answers

Answer: When atoms combine through chemical bonding, they form compounds—unique structures composed of two or more atoms. The basic composition of a compound can be indicated using a chemical formula.

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what is the name of chewed food formed in the mouth?

Answers

The answer is bolus.

What is the standard units of mass, length and time in the (a) CGS system (b) SI system​

Answers

Explanation:

a. CGS system: centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time

b. SI system: metre as the unit of length, the kilogram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time

Answer : the most common units of mass are the gram and kilogram.
And length and time in Seconds.

full form of CGS is:

. Centimetre

. Gram

. Second

This can be converted in terms of SI unit and then cgs unit as: (physical quantity, si unit, cgs unit)

Length — metre = centimetre
Mass — kilogram = gram
Time — second = second
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