RNA sequencing identifies global transcriptional changes in peripheral CD4( ) cells during active oesophagitis and following epicutaneous immunotherapy in eosinophilic oesophagitis
Answers
The study used RNA sequencing to analyze changes in gene expression in CD4+ cells during active oesophagitis and after immunotherapy in eosinophilic oesophagitis.
The study mentioned focuses on using RNA sequencing, a technique used to analyze the expression levels of genes, to examine global transcriptional changes in peripheral CD4_+ cells. CD4_+ cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune response.
The research investigates individuals with eosinophilic oesophagitis, a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the esophagus and is characterized by the accumulation of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the esophageal tissue. The study specifically examines two conditions: active oesophagitis and following epicutaneous immunotherapy.
During active oesophagitis, the researchers explore the changes in gene expression in CD4+ cells to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms involved in the disease. By identifying the genes that are upregulated or downregulated in these cells, they aim to understand the molecular processes contributing to eosinophilic oesophagitis and potential targets for intervention.
Furthermore, the study investigates the impact of epicutaneous immunotherapy, a treatment approach involving the application of allergens to the skin, on gene expression in CD4+ cells. By analyzing the transcriptional changes following immunotherapy, the researchers aim to uncover the effects of this treatment on the immune response and the potential mechanisms through which it exerts its therapeutic effects.
Overall, the study utilizes RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive view of the transcriptional changes occurring in peripheral CD4_+ cells during active oesophagitis and following immunotherapy in eosinophilic oesophagitis. This research contributes to our understanding of the molecular processes involved in the disease and the potential impact of immunotherapy on gene expression patterns in CD4_+ cells.
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Related Questions
short-term solution to sex ed
Answers
Answer:
I'm not sure what you mean.
Explanation:
Answer: go to the sex ed class or invite a girl (or guy) over and find out
Explanation:
The differential characteristic of the Gram stain depends on the fact that
Answers
The Gram stain's distinguishing feature is due to the fact that the cell membranes of different species of bacteria have varied chemical and physical properties.
Gram-positive bacteria have a strong peptidoglycan coating in their cell walls that keeps the crystal violet-iodine combination in place during staining. Gram-negative bacteria, on the contrary hand, have a weaker peptidoglycan layer and a lipopolysaccharide-containing outer membrane.
The decolorizing agent disrupts the outer membrane, allowing the iodine-crystal violet complex to be swept out and the cells to become colorless. There are various different types of microbe staining procedures that can be used to see bacteria under a microscope, in addition to the Gramme stain.
The simple stain is a type of staining process in which just one stain is employed and all forms of bacteria appear in the color of that stain when seen under a microscope. Crystal violet, safranin, & methylene blue are some stains that are often used for simple staining.
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complete question:
The differential characteristic of the Gram stain depends on which fact?
—————. Are small round structures in cells that break down large food particles into smaller ones
Answers
Answer:
Lysosomes
Explanation:
Lysosomes also break down old cell parts and release the substances so they can be used again.
which part of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain the genetic material ?
Answers
The nucleus, as it contains DNA and is shared by both type of cells
2 paragraphs about interdependence-biology
Answers
Answer:
Interdependence is mutual dependence between things. If you study biology, you'll discover that there is a great deal of interdependence between plants and animals. Inter- means "between," so interdependence is dependence between things. We often use interdependence to describe complex systems.All living things depend on their environment to supply them with what they need, including food, water, and shelter. ... Many living things interact with other organisms in their environment. In fact, they may need other organisms in order to survive. This is known as interdependence.Explanation:
Hopes this helps. Mark as brainlest plz!which organism is a fungus-like protist? slime mold dinoflagellate diatom yeast
Answers
Answer:
A. slime mold
Explanation:
i took the quiz, hope this helps
The organism that is a fungus-like protist is slime mold. Slime molds are decomposers and are important in breaking down dead organic matter in forest ecosystems. Hence option A is correct.
What are slime molds?Slime molds are a group of organisms that were once classified as fungi due to their appearance and ecological roles but later were found to be more closely related to protists.
They are unique in that they have two distinct life stages: a motile stage where they move around as individual cells, and a stationary stage where they form a multicellular, slug-like structure or a fruiting body that produces spores.
They are also used in scientific research to study complex biological processes such as cell communication and differentiation.
Due to their unique characteristics and evolutionary relationships, slime molds have been the subject of much scientific inquiry and continue to fascinate scientists and the general public alike.
Hence option A slime mold is correct.
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Type of experiment that tests on variable and measures the effect of this variable.
Answers
Controlled experiments are designed to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables. By controlling for other factors and isolating the impact of the independent variable, researchers can determine whether changes in the independent variable directly influence the dependent variable. This type of experiment allows for rigorous testing and evaluation of hypotheses and helps in drawing meaningful conclusions about the relationship between variables.
blood is an example of
Answers
Answer:
Blood is both tissue and a fluid. It is because it is a collection of similar specialized cells that serve particular functions. These cells are suspended in a liquid matrix (plasma) which makes blood a fluid
Explanation:
I majored in Biology.
in 1987, a group of molecular geneticists at the university of california at berkeley offered support for the idea that anatomically modern humans arose fairly recently in africa, then spread out and colonized the world. the geneticists analyzed genetic samples of 147 women whose ancestors came from africa, europe, the middle east, asia, new guinea, and australia. by estimating the number of mutations that had taken place in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of each of these samples, the researchers concluded that
Answers
The researchers concluded that, the genetic diversity observed in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the samples indicated that all individuals shared a common maternal ancestor who lived in Africa approximately 200,000 years ago. This supported the hypothesis that anatomically modern humans originated in Africa and subsequently migrated to other regions of the world.
The analysis of genetic samples from diverse populations allowed the researchers to trace the genetic lineage back to a single common ancestor. Mitochondrial DNA is passed down exclusively from the mother to her offspring, making it a useful tool for studying human ancestry and tracing maternal lineages.
The estimated number of mutations in the mtDNA samples provided insights into the time since the most recent common ancestor. By comparing the number of mutations across different populations, the researchers could estimate the time it took for those mutations to occur, suggesting a recent African origin for modern humans.
This study provided genetic evidence supporting the Out-of-Africa theory, which posits that modern humans evolved in Africa and then dispersed to other parts of the world, replacing or assimilating other hominin populations they encountered along the way.
It's worth noting that subsequent studies and advancements in genetic research have further refined our understanding of human migration and ancestry. However, the 1987 study played a crucial role in providing evidence for the African origin and subsequent global spread of anatomically modern humans.
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The aircraft in the picture above possesses potential and kinetic energy.
True
False
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Answer
True
Explanation:
Definition of Cancer?
Answers
Answer:
A disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and destroy body tissue.
Explanation:
Answer:
Cancer
Explanation:
A disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. A growth or tumor resulting from the division of abnormal cells.
HELP FAST What is bacterial conjugation?
Bacterial conjugation is the production of offspring from a single parent
Bacterial conjugation is the mechanism used by bacterial cells to share genetic information.
Bacterial conjugation is the production of offspring through the joining of sex cells, producing offspring that have DNA from two parents.
Bacteria conjugation is the process by which organisms with both male and female parts fertilize themselves.
Answers
Answer:
B. Bacterial conjugation is the mechanism used by bacterial cells to share genetic information.
Explanation:
Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.
Please mark brainliest and have a lovely day!
All cells can synthesis ATP by way of glycolysis. Many cells have to metabolize pyruvate without oxygen by doing...?
Answers
Answer:
Anaerobic respiration
Explanation:
As rightly stated in this question, cells of all living organism synthesize ATP via the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration, however, occurs in stages starting with GLYCOLYSIS, which breaks down glucose to form PYRUVATE.
The metabolism of pyruvate in subsequent steps depends on whether the respiration process is occuring with or without oxygen. Without oxygen, pyruvate is metabolized in a process called ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION. Anaerobic respiration employs other molecules asides OXYGEN for last electron acceptor.
Although hummingbirds and house flies both use wings to fly, this similarity is not based upon closely shared ancestry but rather on evolution and adaptation as a result of survival and reproduction in a given environment. The term best describing such a phenomenon is
Answers
Answer:
Analogous Structures
Explanation:
Defintion of Analogous Structures: body parts that share a common function, not structure. I wish there was multiple choice but hopefully this helps.
4. "Hybrid" means "crossing" or "combination
O
True
O
False
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
sorry if it's wrong
which are common cell shapes?multiple select question.column-likecube-likeconicalsphericalhelicalspiral
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Cells are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms. They are classified into many types, each having its distinct shape and function. The following are the common cell shapes:1. Spherical Cells: Spherical cells are round cells.
Examples of spherical cells include red blood cells and fat cells.2. Columnar Cells: Columnar cells are long and thin cells. Examples of columnar cells are cells in the lining of the small intestine.3. Conical Cells: Conical cells are cone-shaped cells. Examples of conical cells are sperm cells.4. Cuboidal Cells: Cuboidal cells are cube-shaped cells. Examples of cuboidal cells are the cells of the liver.5. Spiral Cells: Spiral cells are shaped like a spiral. Examples of spiral cells are some bacteria.6.
Helical Cells: Helical cells are long and curved cells. Examples of helical cells are the cells of the inner ear. The correct answer is: Spherical, columnar, conical, cuboidal, spiral, and helical.
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Help me please and thank you
Answers
Based on the symptoms described, the veterinarian might suspect hog cholera (OD).
The correct option is D.
What are the symptoms of cholera in pigs?Hog cholera is a highly contagious viral disease that affects pigs and is characterized by fever, diarrhea, and purple spots on the skin.
Other symptoms may include loss of appetite, lethargy, and respiratory issues.
Pseudorabies (OA) is also a viral disease that affects pigs and can cause similar symptoms, but it typically does not result in purple spots on the skin.
Rabies (OB) is a viral disease that affects the nervous system and can cause fever and neurological symptoms, but it is rare in pigs.
Influenza (OC) is a respiratory virus that can infect pigs, but it typically does not cause diarrhea or skin spots. Tetanus (OE) is caused by a bacterial infection and is not commonly associated with the symptoms described.
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which of these statements is false regarding the c. elegans embryo? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices each cell of the embryo will have its own fate. in the second division, partitioning of regulatory molecules to specific embryonic cells occurs. post-transcriptional regulation is important for the cells in the embryo. after two rounds of cell division, the embryo contains blastomeres.
Answers
The statement that is false regarding is b) in the second division, partitioning of regulatory molecules to specific embryonic cells occurs.
Post-transcriptional regulation is important for the cells in the embryo. Post-transcriptional regulation does not play a role in the development of the C. elegans embryo. This type of regulation occurs after the transcription of genetic information from DNA to mRNA and includes processes such as mRNA stability, splicing, and translation.
During the development of the C. elegans embryo, the fate of each cell is determined during the first two divisions. This is accomplished by the partitioning of regulatory molecules such as transcription factors, proteins, and RNAs to specific embryonic cells.
In the second division, this partitioning occurs in a specific order which is responsible for the differentiation of cells and determines their fate.
At the end of the two rounds of cell division, the embryo will contain a total of around 1000 cells, known as blastomeres. These cells are then organized into a set of tissues that will form the adult C. elegans.
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what gives sperms motility
Answers
Answer:
The tail of the sperm, the flagellum
Explanation:
We find cilia in the human body. They coat the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract and play a role in keeping dust particles, smog, and potentially harmful microorganisms from entering the lungs.
Their movements enable the movement of mucus or other substances across the surface of various epithelial cells. The cilia also cover parts of the male and female reproductive tract.
Flagella are found in sperm, whose tail represents the flagellum in its structure. The body wall of the sponge, among others, contains cells with whips that create and maintain the flow of water through the body.
Which statement would be true of a membrane-bound protein that works in conjunction with a sodium–potassium pump during secondary active transport?.
Answers
One statement that would be true of a membrane-bound protein that works in conjunction with a sodium-potassium pump during secondary active transport would be that it will only activate when both a specific small molecule and ion bond to it.
What we know about these mechanisms. They are both secondary transport mechanisms. They will often work in conjunction as a form of concentration regulation. They are substrate specific, meaning the protein will need to bond with a specific small molecule while the pump will need the presence of a specific ion. Since they work together, they will require that both parts have bonded with their substrate in order to activate.Therefore, given that the statement in the question describes membrane-bound carrier proteins that work in conjunction with ionic pumps, we can confirm that this is done as a form of concentration regulation, to ensure that one does not activate without the other, therefore, they will need a specific ion and molecule to bond in order to activate.
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PLEASE HELP!!
For the presentation you will research and provide summaries for manned and unmanned explorations of your
choice. The presentation should be about twelve slides in length. Your presentation will include:
Title
Introduction - gives an overview of the presentation
Time line of missions - must include 3 manned and 3 unmanned missions
Description of each of the missions in the timeline (1 mission per slide)
(a) Name and date of mission
(b) Purpose of missions
(c) Results or findings from missions
Scientific advance - describe a scientific advancement that has led to an engineering improvement in
space exploration
Engineering advance - describe an engineering advance that has led to greater knowledge about the
solar system
Sources - list the websites and other sources you used
Remember to make a list (i.e., bullet points) on each slide. The slides should feature the highlights of the main
idea. The bullet points should be short phrases (at most, one sentence) that highlight key points.
.
.
ik
Answers
Answer:
HERE IS MINE HOPE IT CAN HELP, STAYED UP ALL NIGHT.
Explanation:
I CUT OUT MY NAME AND GRADE, CHANGE UP THE BACKGROUND OR SOMTHING IF YOUR GOING TO USE THIS.
HAPPY I COULD HELP M8, WISH ALL OF YALL USING THIS LUCK WITH YOUR GRADES. =]
In both plants and animals, RNA contains
deoxyribose sugar, phosphates, adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine
ribose sugar, phosphates, adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
ribose sugar, phosphates, adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine
deoxyribose sugar, phosphates, adenine, thymine, guanine, and
cytosine
Answers
Answer:
option (C)
Explanation:
In both plants and animals, RNA contains:
Ribose sugar, phosphates, adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.
after pollination, where does a seed grow in a flower?
Answers
Once pollen gets to the ovary within the flower, the ovary develops into a fruit. The ovules inside the ovary develop into seeds inside of this fruit.
which of the following is false about proteins? proteins are always made from one polypeptide chain. proteins are composed of many amino acids. proteins can also be called polypeptides. proteins result from the expression of genes.
Answers
False, Proteins are always made from one polypeptide chain.
Amino acids are the basic units of proteins. They are tiny organic compounds with an alpha (central) carbon atom coupled to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component known as a side chain (see below). Peptide bonds, which connect several amino acids, help proteins create lengthy chains of amino acids. The biological process that links the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of a nearby amino acid results in the extraction of a water molecule, forming peptide bonds. A protein's main structure is thought to be the orderly arrangement of its amino acids.
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what primary sedimentary structure can be observed in this sample? (hint, the mineral originally formed in perfect little cubes).
Answers
The primary sedimentary structure that can be observed in the sample is known as "concretions" or "nodules."
Concretions or nodules are spherical or irregularly shaped concentrations of mineral matter that form within sedimentary rocks. In this particular sample, the presence of minerals originally formed in perfect little cubes suggests the occurrence of concretions. These concretions develop when minerals precipitate and accumulate around a central nucleus, such as an organic fragment or a mineral grain. The resulting concretions can vary in size and shape, and they are often distinguishable from the surrounding sediment due to their distinctive mineral composition or cementation. Concretions provide valuable information about the depositional environment and geological history of the sedimentary rocks in which they are found.
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what type of evidence must molecular clocks be compared against to estimaethe split from a common ancestor
Answers
To estimate the split from a common ancestor using molecular clocks, they must be compared against other types of evidence.
This can include fossil records, geological data, and other molecular data.
By analyzing the similarities and differences in DNA sequences or protein structures, scientists can make inferences about the timing of evolutionary divergences.
It's important to compare molecular clock estimates with other lines of evidence to ensure accuracy and reliability in determining the split from a common ancestor.
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These plants have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. There is one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall. Which plant or plants am I describing? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) 000000000 Ferns Cycads Selaginella Lycopodium Conifers Ginkgo Hornworts Mosses Angiosperms 3 pts Liverworts
Answers
The correct answers are: Ferns, Hornworts, Mosses, and Liverworts.
The plants that fit the given description are:
Ferns: Ferns have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Ferns produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Horworts: Hornworts also have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Hornworts produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Mosses: Mosses have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Mosses produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Liverworts: Liverworts also have free-living gametophytes and free-living sporophytes. The sporophyte generation is dominant and larger than the gametophyte generation. Liverworts produce one type of spore, and the gametophyte generation grows outside of the spore wall.Therefore, the correct answers are: Ferns, Hornworts, Mosses, and Liverworts.
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I need help! lol
Write the reaction needed to remove a glucose molecule from a polysaccharide, 100 glucose molecules long.
and this:
write the reaction needed to build the rabbits polysaccharide from 50 glucose molecules
Answers
I'm in 6th grade I have no clue wat you are talking about lol
Explanation:
what do you mean by nominal system of nomenclature? Fastplzzzzz
Answers
Answer:
The binomial nomenclature system combines two names into one to give all species unique scientific names.
Explanation:
Hope this helps, not 100% sure if this is what you are looking for :)
This is a system of providing a name with two components 1st = Generic name
2nd = specific epithet or species
this naming system was given by carolus Linnaeus
hope it helps
What is the best example of Environmental Variation?A. Blood groupB. Number of limbsC. Jacket colorD. Organism size
Answers
Answer
A. Blood group
Explanation
B