Suppose you take a deep breath on a cold day, bringing in 2.0 L of -10 ∘C air at a pressure of 1.0 atm. The air, once in your lungs, expands at roughly constant pressure as it warms up to 37∘C.
What is the air’s change in entropy?

The correct answer is option B. It travels up and down. Transverse waves are characterized by the fact that they cause particles in the medium to move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

Transverse waves are a type of wave that causes the particles of the medium to move up and down or side to side as the wave passes through them.

The other options are not right because:

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Given,

The initial frequency of the heartbeat, f₁=1.45 Hz

The increased heartbeat, f₂=1.55 Hz

The frequency of the heartbeat can be described as the number of occurence of the heartbeat per second. That is every second, the heart beats 1.45 times.

(a)

Thus for a minute, the number of the heartbeats is,

Thus 87 beats occur for a minute.

(b)The increase in the frequency of the heartbeat implies the increase in the number of the heartbeat for every second. And hence the beats in a minute increase when the frequency of the heartbeat increases.

(c)

The number of the beats per minute after the increase of the frequency is,

Thus after the increase in the frequency, 93 beats occur in a minute.

The electric iron with a power rating of 500 watts will consume 12 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity when used continuously for 24 hours.

To calculate the units consumed, we need to consider the power rating and the duration of usage. The power rating of the electric iron is given as 500 watts, which is equivalent to 0.5 kilowatts (kW). By multiplying the power rating by the time used (24 hours), we obtain the total energy consumed, which is 12 kilowatt-hours (kWh). This value represents the units of electricity consumed by the electric iron during the 24-hour period.

Therefore, the electric iron will consume 12 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity when used for 24 hours continuously with a power rating of 500 watts.

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The momentum of a toy car with a mass of 100 g moving at 0.5 m / s is 0.05 kg m / s

p = m v

p = Momentum

m = Mass

v = Velocity

v = 0.5 m / s

m = 100 g

m = 0.1 kg

p = m v

p = 0.1 * 0.5

p = 0.05 kg m / s

Therefore, the momentum of a toy car is 0.05 kg m / s

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Answer:

less force

Explanation:

less force because they is increase in area and not enough energy to balance the whole equation

Answer:

the same

Explanation:

If the same force is applied to an object with a small mass, it will experience a greater acceleration due to less inertia and the ease with which it can be accelerated. In contrast, an object with a larger mass will require more force to achieve the same acceleration.

According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. Mathematically, we can express this relationship as:

acceleration = force / mass

Therefore, if the same force is applied to an object with a small mass, it will experience a greater acceleration compared to an object with a larger mass. This is because the smaller mass results in less inertia, meaning it requires less force to cause a given acceleration. In other words, a smaller mass will accelerate more easily when the same force is applied to it. For example, if you apply the same force to a baseball and a bowling ball, the baseball will accelerate much more quickly because it has a smaller mass than the bowling ball. Conversely, if you apply the same force to a truck and a car, the car will accelerate more quickly because it has a smaller mass than the truck.

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Mutations occur in the genetic material due to alterations in the sequence of nucleic acids of the genome. Mutations are harmful as they lead to many disorders and conditions which are life-threatening.

A mutation can be defined as an alteration in the sequence of nucleic acids of the genome of a living organism, virus, or the extrachromosomal DNA material such as the mitochondrial DNA or the chloroplast DNA. Viral genomes are different from that of other living organisms as they contain either DNA or RNA as genetic material.

The guanine-thymine (G-T) mutation is the single most common mutation which occurs in the DNA of human. This mutation occurs about once in every 10,000 to 100,000 base pairs in the DNA.

Mutations are of different types. From which, the deletion mutations are opposite types of point mutations. These mutations involve the removal of a base pair from the sequence. Both of these mutations lead to the creation of one of the most dangerous type of point mutations which is known as the frameshift mutation.

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Since both the length and radius have been tripled; therefore the resistance is reduced to 1/3 of its original value The correct option is (d) 1/3 of what it originally was.

Explanation: The resistance of a wire is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area A and directly proportional to its length L. Hence, the resistance R can be written as; R = ρL/A

Where, ρ is the resistivity of the material of the wire.From the given problem, the length and diameter of a wire of circular cross-section are both tripled. Therefore, the area will increase by a factor of 9.A=πr²If diameter is tripled, the radius is also tripled.r' = r x 3

When the radius is tripled, the area becomes: A' = π (3r)² = π 9r²So the new area will be 9 times the original area, which implies that the resistance will be 1/9 times the original resistance. Since both the length and radius have been tripled; therefore the resistance is reduced to 1/3 of its original value. Hence the correct option is (d) 1/3 of what it originally was.

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Answer:

Initial momentum: \(0\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\).

Final momentum: \(150\; {\rm kg \cdot m\cdot s^{-1}}\).

Force on the mass (assuming that the force is constant): \(75\; {\rm N}\).

Impulse on the mass: \(150\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\).

Explanation:

The momentum \(p\) of an object is equal to the product of mass \(m\) and velocity (a vector) \(v\).

The initial momentum of this mass was \(0\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\) since the velocity of this object was initially \(0\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\).

At \(v = 3\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}\), the momentum of this mass (\(m = 50\; {\rm kg}\)) would be:

\(\begin{aligned}p &= m\, v \\ &= 50\; {\rm kg} \times 3\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}} \\ &= 150\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\end{aligned}\).

Assume that the external force \(F\) on this mass is constant. By Newton's Second Law of motion, the external force on this mass would be equal to the rate of change in the momentum of this mass.

Since the momentum of this mass increased by \(\Delta v = 150\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\) in \(\Delta t = 2\; {\rm s}\), the external force on this mass would be:

\(\begin{aligned}F &= \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t} \\ &= \frac{150\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}}{2\; {\rm s}} \\ &= 75\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-2}} \\ &= 75\; {\rm N}\end{aligned}\).

The impulse of an external force on an object is equal to the change in the momentum of that object. Since the change in momentum of this mass was \(\Delta v = 150\; {\rm kg \cdot m \cdot s^{-1}}\), the corresponding impulse would also be \(150\; {\rm kg \cdot m\cdot s^{-1}}\):

\(\begin{aligned}J &= \Delta v \\ &= 150\; {\rm kg \cdot m\cdot s^{-1}} \\ &= 150\; {\rm N \cdot s}\end{aligned}\).

A biconvex lens with radii of curvature |R1| = 10 cm and |R2| = 15 cm made of glass with index of refraction Nglass = 1.5 can be analyzed to determine its focal length and other properties.

A biconvex lens is a type of lens that is thicker in the center than at the edges and has both surfaces outwards. The radius of curvature of each surface of the lens determines its optical properties. The lens with radius of curvature |R1| = 10 cm and |R2| = 15 cm made of glass with index of refraction Nglass = 1.5 can be analyzed to determine its focal length and other properties.

The focal length of the lens can be calculated using the lensmaker's equation, which relates the focal length (f) of the lens to the radii of curvature of the two surfaces (R1 and R2) and the refractive index of the lens material (Nglass). Using this equation, the focal length of the lens can be calculated to be f = 6.0 cm. This means that parallel rays of light entering the lens will converge at a point 6.0 cm away from the lens on the opposite side.

Other properties of the lens, such as its magnification and image distance, can also be calculated using the thin lens formula and the magnification formula. The thin lens formula relates the object distance, image distance, and focal length (f) of a thin lens.

The magnification formula relates the size of the object, size of the image, and magnification (M) of the lens. Using these formulas and the known values for the lens, the image distance and magnification can be calculated for objects placed at different distances from the lens.

These calculations can be used to determine the behavior of light passing through the lens and to design optical systems that use the lens for specific purposes.

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The system described by the transfer function G(s) = -co² s² + 2a + w², with a damping ratio of 1.3 and a natural frequency of 0.5, has an overdamped unit step response. So, the correct option is (E)

The transfer function of the system is given as G(s) = -co² s² + 2a + w², where co represents the damping ratio, a represents an arbitrary constant, and w represents the natural frequency of the system. We are given that the natural frequency is 0.5 and the damping ratio is 1.3.

To determine the type of unit step response, we need to analyze the damping ratio (co) in relation to the critical damping value (co_critical).

The critical damping ratio (co_critical) is defined as the value where the system is on the threshold between being overdamped and underdamped. It is given by the formula co_critical = 2 * sqrt(a * w²).

In our case, the natural frequency (w) is 0.5, so we can calculate co_critical as follows: co_critical = 2 * sqrt(a * 0.5²).

Since the damping ratio (co) is given as 1.3, we can compare it with co_critical to determine the type of unit step response.

If co > co_critical, the system is considered overdamped (Option E).

If co = co_critical, the system is considered critically damped (Option D).

If co < co_critical, the system is considered underdamped (Option C).

Based on the given values, we can determine that the system is overdamped (Option E) because the damping ratio (1.3) is greater than the critical damping ratio.

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The gravitational attraction between two particles was equal to the sum of their individual masses times two. The gravitational influence between them will increase by a factor of three one of the objects triples in mass.

The attractive gravitational attraction that exists between two particles can be calculated using Newton's Law on Universal Gravitation. The gravitational attraction between these two particles will decrease as they move apart opposite directions since it inversely depend on particle distance.

Since the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the mass of the two interacting objects, heavier items will be drawn by stronger gravitational forces. Therefore, when two things' respective masses increase, so does their gravitational pull to one another.

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Answer: INCREASE THE IMPACT TIME

crumple zones help transfer some of the cars kinetic energy into controlled deformation, or crumpling, at impact

Answer:

A quality of matter that is unrelated to a change in its chemical makeup is called a physical property.

Examples of physical properties of matter:

Physical properties are any qualities of matter that may be felt or seen without changing the sample's chemical composition.

Due to the wide range of features that make up physical attributes, they are further separated into intensive and extensive as well as isotropic and anisotropic categories.

Any characteristic that can be recognized and measured by sight, hearing, touch, smell, or other senses without evoking a chemical reaction is referred to as a physical property. Examples of physical traits are:

Color, Shape, Volume, Density, Calorific value, Boiling point, Viscosity, Pressure, Solubility, electrical current

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Answer:

Change in velocity = 4 m/s and acceleration = 0.5 m/s²

Explanation:

Given that,

Initial velocity, u = 3 m/s

Final velocity, v = 7 m/s

Time, t = 8 seconds

(a) The change in velocity of a cyclist.

\(\Delta v=v-u\\\\=7\ m/s-3\ m/s\\\\=4\ m/s\)

(b) Acceleration,

\(a=\dfrac{\Delta v}{t}\\\\a=\dfrac{4\ m/s}{8\ s}\\\\a=0.5\ m/s^2\)

So, the change in velocity is 4 m/s and acceleration is 0.5 m/s².

Answer:

X - Rays

Explanation:

Hope it Helps!

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Answer: Black holes, sun, stars, neutron stars

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION:

a body continues its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line provided no net force acts on it. Fnet=0

NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION:

when a net force acts on a body it produces acceleration in the body which is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force and inversely to the mass of the body.F=ma

NEWTON'S THIRD LAW OF MOTION:

to every action there is always an equal but opposite reaction.

Answer:

Newton’s laws of motion can be summarized as follows:

An object will remain at rest, or in a uniform, straight-line motion if moving, unless an external force acts upon it.

Force equals change in momentum per change in time. For an object with constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

In Depth:

A rock resting on level ground won’t suddenly start moving unless you push it. This is Newton’s first law, which introduces the principle of inertia. Inertia tells us that objects at rest stay at rest, and objects in motion stay in motion at a constant velocity (speed in one direction). When a force acts on the object, it changes its behavior.

For example, when you push the rock along the ground, you apply an external force that causes the rock to break out of inertia and begin moving. When you throw the rock through the air, the force of gravity acts upon it and slows it down, pulling it back to earth. If you threw that rock in outer space with no external force of gravity acting upon it, the flying rock would travel indefinitely forward at constant velocity because of inertia.

Force (F) equals mass (m) times acceleration (a). An object’s mass is the amount of matter it contains. An object’s acceleration is its change in velocity—whether the object is speeding up or slowing down as it moves.

If this seems complicated, just think about how everyday objects react to force. It’s easier to push a soccer ball a certain distance than it is to push a car that same distance. That’s because the soccer ball has much less mass than the car, so it requires less force to create the same amount of acceleration.

A rocket has to fire its engines forcefully to overcome gravity and propel itself into outer space. The force of gas propelling downwards creates a reaction that pushes the rocket in the opposite direction with equal force. This is Newton’s third law: every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

As a result of Newton’s third law, all forces come in pairs. When you push against solid ground with your foot, the ground doesn’t fly off —it pushes back against you. This law helps us understand how objects with different forces interact.

Answer:

Geomagnetic Field

Explanation:

Answer:

0.46m

Explanation:

Answer:

The formula for potential energy depends on the force acting on the two objects. For the gravitational force the formula is P.E. = mgh, where m is the mass in kilograms, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m / s2 at the surface of the earth) and h is the height in meters.

Explanation:

Sub to Beast_Building on yt

Answer:

Increase is energy transferred

Explanation:

Option B is correct

Wavelength affects a wave's energy; the longer its wavelengths, the lesser the energy. Gamma rays therefore have the maximum energy and long radio waves the lowest in the electromagnetic spectrum.

The slowest seismic waves are surface waves. They move at a speed of 1.5 miles per second, or 2.5 km. Surface waves come in two different varieties. Love waves slither from side to side like a snake.

Low-energy photons make up radio waves; microwave photons contain a little more energy as radio waves; infrared photons have much more energy; and the most energetic photons of them are gamma rays.

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The true statement about an orbit is that the sun and a planet are at the two foci of an orbit. Hence, option B is correct.

An orbit is a curved path taken by an object in celestial mechanics, such as the path taken by a planet around a star, a natural satellite around a planet, or an artificial satellite around an object or location in space, such as a planet, moon, asteroid, or Lagrange point.

Ordinarily, the term "orbit" refers to a trajectory that repeats itself periodically, though it can also apply to a non-repeating trajectory. Kepler's principles of planetary motion roughly predict that planets and satellites have elliptic orbits, with the center of mass orbiting at a focal point of the ellipse.

Hence, this concludes that option B is correct.

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The movement of charges from one plate to the other in a capacitor is a fundamental process that underlies many electronic devices and applications.

When a capacitor is connected to a circuit, charges begin to flow from one plate to the other until both plates reach the same potential and the capacitor becomes fully charged.

This process involves the movement of electrons, which are negatively charged particles, from one plate to the other.

Initially, the capacitor is uncharged, and the plates have an equal number of positive and negative charges.

When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, electrons begin to flow from the negative plate to the positive plate, creating an electric field between the two plates. This electric field stores energy in the capacitor, which can be released later when the capacitor is discharged.

If the voltage across the capacitor is removed, the capacitor will retain its charge and will discharge slowly over time as the electrons flow back from the negative plate to the positive plate.

This discharge process can be used in various applications, such as in flash photography, where a capacitor is charged rapidly and then discharged quickly to produce a bright flash of light.

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Answer:

Explanation:

For refraction , the formula is

sin i / sin r = μ₂ / μ₁

where light is travelling from medium 1 to 2 having refractive index of μ₁ and μ₂ . Angle of incidence in medium 1 is i and angle of refraction in medium 2 is r .

Here i = 70°, r = 37°

μ₁ = 1.8 ,μ₂ = ?

sin70 / sin 37 = μ₂ / 1.8

.939 / .602 = μ₂ / 1.8

1.56 =  μ₂ / 1.8

μ₂ = 2.81 .

The value of refraction index for the second medium will be  \(\mu_2=2.16\)

Every material has a different refractive index. The refracted index of any material shows that the light is refracted by how much angle.

So like for water its value will be different also for glass its value will be different.

Now it is given in the question that

Angle of incidence \(i=70^o\)

Refractive index of the first medium \(\mu_1=1.8\)

Angle of refraction \(r=37^o\)

Now from snells law

\(\dfrac{Sin \ i}{Sin \ r} = \dfrac{\mu_2}{\mu_1}\)

\(\dfrac{Sin70}{Sin37} = \dfrac{\mu_2}{1.8}\)

\(\mu_2= \dfrac{Sin70\times1.8}{Sin37}\)

\(\mu_2=2.16\)

Thus the value of the refraction index for the second medium will be  \(\mu_2=2.16\)

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The technology that addresses a practical problem with sharing information is wireless device.

Technology is simply the application and organization of knowledge for practical purposes.

Technology has proven to make work more efficient and there is no overemphasis of its role in communication sector.

A wireless device is a technological device relating to communication without a wired connection, such as by radio waves.

Therefore, it can be said that the technology that addresses a practical problem with sharing information is wireless device.

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Answer:

La aceleración de la gravedad sobre la superficie del planeta es 3,71 m/s².

Explanation:

Podemos encontrar la aceleración de la gravedad de Marte usando la siguiente ecuación:

\( F = \frac{GmM}{r^{2}} = ma \)

En donde:

G: es la constante gravitacional = 6,67x10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²

m: es la masa del cuerpo que está sobre la supericie del planeta

M: es la masa de Marte = 6,42x10²³ kg

r: es la distancia del centro del planeta a la superfice = d/2

a: es la aceleración de la gravedad =?

Entonces, la aceleración de la gravedad es:

\( a = \frac{GM}{r^{2}} = \frac{6,67\cdot 10^{-11} Nm^{2}kg^{-2}*6,42 \cdot 10^{23} kg}{(3,397 \cdot 10^{6} m)^{2}} = 3,71 m/s^{2} \)

Por lo tanto, la aceleración de la gravedad sobre la superficie del planeta es 3,71 m/s².

Espero que te sea de utilidad!