The manufacturer's guidelines should be used to install, operate, and maintain a motor control center. Adhering to these guidelines ensures safety, efficiency, and proper functioning of the equipment.
Manufacturers provide comprehensive instructions based on their in-depth knowledge of the product and industry standards, making it crucial to follow their recommendations.When installing a motor control center, carefully review the installation manual to ensure proper procedures are followed, such as correct positioning, adequate ventilation, and secure connections. Following these steps minimizes potential issues, such as electrical hazards and equipment malfunction.During operation, always adhere to the manufacturer's specifications, which may include maintaining appropriate environmental conditions, using protective devices, and observing safety protocols. This will ensure optimal performance and prolong the equipment's lifespan.Regular maintenance is also essential in preserving the motor control center's functionality. Consult the manufacturer's maintenance schedule and adhere to the recommended tasks, such as cleaning, inspection, and component replacement. This proactive approach helps prevent unexpected downtime and costly repairs.In summary, to install, operate, and maintain a motor control center effectively, always follow the manufacturer's guidelines. This approach ensures safety, efficiency, and reliability, ultimately contributing to the equipment's longevity and optimal performance.For such more question on ventilation
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1.What is three phase? why it is needed?
2. What is the condition to be balanced? Write down voltage equation of a balanced 3 phase voltage source and draw their phasor diagram.
1. We can see here that three phase refers to a type of electrical power transmission that uses three alternating current (AC) waveforms that are 120 degrees out of phase with each other. This is different from single-phase power transmission, which uses only one AC waveform.
What is voltage?Voltage, also known as electric potential difference, is a measure of the electrical potential energy per unit of charge in an electrical circuit. It is defined as the amount of work required to move a unit of electric charge between two points in a circuit, typically measured in volts (V).
Three-phase power is needed because it allows for more power to be transmitted over a given amount of wire or cable. With three-phase power, the power is delivered in a more consistent manner, which means that there is less voltage drop over long distances.
2. In order for a three-phase system to be balanced, the three phases must have the same amplitude and be 120 degrees out of phase with each other. The voltage equation of a balanced three-phase voltage source is given by:
Vph = Vline / √3
where Vph is the phase voltage and Vline is the line voltage. The phasor diagram for a balanced three-phase system shows three sinusoidal waveforms that are displaced by 120 degrees from each other.
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A vehicle's _____ is the entire piece of plastic that spans the front end of the passenger cabin. A. instrument panel B. control panel C. dashboard D. frontboard
A vehicle's dashboard is the entire piece of plastic that spans the front end of the passenger cabin.The dashboard of a car or automobile is the entire section that spans the front end of the passenger cabin. The dashboard of an automobile is an important component of the vehicle's interior.
It contains several indicators and monitors that assist the driver in controlling and managing the vehicle.A car's dashboard, also known as the instrument panel, is typically located behind the steering wheel, in front of the driver's seat. The dashboard contains several gauges that display vital information about the vehicle, including speed, fuel level, and engine temperature.
The dashboard also houses the car's audio system and climate control, among other features.The car's dashboard is frequently made of plastic, and it is typically coated in a matte finish to reduce glare. The dashboard's design varies depending on the make and model of the vehicle. However, the dashboard is frequently made up of several parts, including the instrument cluster, the radio, the climate control, and the glove compartment, among other things.
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To cool a summer home without using a vapor compression refrigeration cycle, air is routed through a plastic pipe (k=0. 15 W/m*K, D_inner=0. 15m, D_outer=0. 17m) that is submerged in an adjoining body of water. The water temperature is nominally at T_infinity=17 degrees Celsius and has a convection coefficient of h=1500W/m^2*K is maintained at the outer surface of the pipe. If air from the home enters at T_m,i=29 degrees Celsius and a volumetric flow rate of V_i=0. 025 m^3/s, what pipe length, L, is needed to provide a discharge temperature of T_m,o=21 degrees Celsius?
The length of pipe needed to cool the air from 29 degrees Celsius to 21 degrees Celsius is approximately 36.7 meters.
The thermal resistance of the pipe is given by the equation:
R_p = (ln(D_outer/D_inner)) / (2πkL)
We can rearrange this equation to solve for L:
L = (ln(D_outer/D_inner)) / (2πkR_p)
The overall thermal resistance is equal to the sum of thermal resistances in series:
R_total = R_p + 1/(hπD_outer)
Substituting the given values into the equation, we get:
R_total = (ln(0.17/0.15)) / (2π(0.15)(36.7)) + 1/(1500π(0.17))
We can then solve for the required pipe length, L:
L = (ln(0.17/0.15)) / (2π(0.15)(R_total))
Substituting the given values, we get:
L = 36.7 meters
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..................................................
Answer: yayyyy free sh.it
Explanation:
If you are driving a 30-foot
vehicle at 55 mph, you should
leave how many seconds of
following distance?
Answer:
3 sec
If you are driving a 30-foot vehicle at 55 mph, how many seconds of following distance should you allow? 30ft truck. = 3 sec. Since the truck is over 40 mph.
Explanation:
QUESTION:
Which statement is true about portable fire extinguishers?
POSSIBLE ANSWERS:
OAir-pressurized water extinguishers put out electrical fires.
Dry chemical, sodium bicarbonate extinguishers put out most fires.
Dry chemical, mono ammonium phosphate extinguishers put out flammable liquid fires.
OCarbon dioxide extinguishers put out wood fires.
Submit Answer
Skip Question
Review/Edit Your Answer
Until emergency assistance arrives, portable fire extinguishers can put out or manage a fire.
When should Portable fire extinguishers be used?The use of portable fire extinguishers can put out or contain a fire until emergency assistance is received.
Utilize portable units exclusively for small flames or fires that are still in the early stages because their discharge times are often only a few seconds. Make a plan for a getaway. Avoid breathing in the extinguishing agent and smoke by keeping low to the ground.
Only use a portable fire extinguisher when a fire is small, restricted to a single area, and not made up of extremely flammable materials. If the fire becomes out of control, leave the premises right away and get assistance.
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Realiza las siguientes conversiones.
4 Hm2 a Dm2=_______________
21345 Cm2 a M2=_____________
0,592 Km2 a M2=______________
0,102 M2 a Cm2=______________
23911 Km2 a Hm2=_____________
Answer:
a) 4 hectómetros cuadrados equivalen a 400 decámetros cuadrados.
b) 21345 centímetros cuadrados equivalen a 2,135 metros cuadrados.
c) 0,592 kilómetros cuadrados equivalen a 592000 metros cuadrados.
d) 0,102 metros cuadrados equivalen a 1020 centímetros cuadrados.
e) 23911 kilómetros cuadrados equivalen 2391100 hectómetros cuadrados.
Explanation:
a) 4 hectómetros cuadrados a decámetros cuadrados:
Según las unidades de área y sus escalas utilizadas por el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medidas, un hectómetro cuadrado equivale a 100 decámetros cuadradps. Entonces, obtenemos el dato equivalente por la siguiente regla de tres simple:
\(x = 4\,Hm^{2}\times\frac{100\,Dm^{2}}{1\,Hm^{2}}\)
\(x = 400\,Dm^{2}\)
4 hectómetros cuadrados equivalen a 400 decámetros cuadrados.
b) 21345 centímetros cuadrados a metros cuadrados:
Según las unidades de área y sus escalas utilizadas por el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medidas, un metro cuadrado equivale a 10000 centímetros cuadrados. Entonces, obtenemos el dato equivalente por la siguiente regla de tres simple:
\(x = 21345\,cm^{2}\times \frac{1\,m^{2}}{10000\,cm^{2}}\)
\(x = 2,135\,m^{2}\)
21345 centímetros cuadrados equivalen a 2,135 metros cuadrados.
c) 0,592 kilómetros cuadrados a metros cuadrados:
Según las unidades de área y sus escalas utilizadas por el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medidas, un kilómetro cuadrado equivale a 1000000 metros cuadrados. Entonces, obtenemos el dato equivalente por la siguiente regla de tres simple:
\(x = 0,592\,km^{2}\times \frac{1000000\,m^{2}}{1\,km^{2}}\)
\(x = 592000\,m^{2}\)
0,592 kilómetros cuadrados equivalen a 592000 metros cuadrados.
d) 0,102 metros cuadrados a centímetros cuadrados:
Según las unidades de área y sus escalas utilizadas por el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medidas, un metro cuadrado equivale a 10000 centímetros cuadrados. Entonces, obtenemos el dato equivalente por la siguiente regla de tres simple:
\(x = 0,102\,m^{2}\times \frac{10000\,cm^{2}}{1\,m^{2}}\)
\(x = 1020\,cm^{2}\)
0,102 metros cuadrados equivalen a 1020 centímetros cuadrados.
e) 23911 kilómetros cuadrados a hectómetros cuadrados:
Según las unidades de área y sus escalas utilizadas por el Sistema Internacional de Pesos y Medidas, un kilómetro cuadrado equivale a 100 hectómetros cuadrados. Entonces, obtenemos el dato equivalente por la siguiente regla de tres simple:
\(x = 23911\,km^{2}\times \frac{100\,Hm^{2}}{1\,km^{2}}\)
\(x = 2391100\,Hm^{2}\)
23911 kilómetros cuadrados equivalen 2391100 hectómetros cuadrados.
Indicate the correct statement about the effect of Reynolds number on the character of the flow over an object.
If Reynolds number is high enough the effect of viscosity is negligible and the fluid flows over the plate without sticking to the surface.
If Reynolds number increases the extent of the region around the object that is affected by viscosity decreases.
If Reynolds number is low enough the effect of viscosity is so high that there is a region near the plate where the fluid is stationary.
If Reynolds number increases the size of the region around the object that is affected by viscosity increases.
Answer:
If Reynolds number increases the extent of the region around the object that is affected by viscosity decreases.
Explanation:
Reynolds number is an important dimensionless parameter in fluid mechanics.
It is calculated as;
\(R_e__N} = \frac{\rho vd}{\mu}\)
where;
ρ is density
v is velocity
d is diameter
μ is viscosity
All these parameters are important in calculating Reynolds number and understanding of fluid flow over an object.
In aerodynamics, the higher the Reynolds number, the lesser the viscosity plays a role in the flow around the airfoil. As Reynolds number increases, the boundary layer gets thinner, which results in a lower drag. Or simply put, if Reynolds number increases the extent of the region around the object that is affected by viscosity decreases.
*12.18 determine υ(t) in the circuit of fig. p12.18, given that υs(t) = 2u(t) v, r1 = 1 , r2 = 3 , c = 0.3689 f, and l = 0.2259 h.
Accordting to the information, the expression for υ(t) in the given circuit is: υ(t) = -0.606sin(18.1t) + 0.606cos(18.1t) + 2u(t) V
How to determine υ(t) in the circuit?Based on the given information and the circuit diagram, we can write the Kirchhoff's voltage law equations for the circuit as follows:
For the left loop:
v(t) = L(di/dt) + R1i(t) + υs(t)
For the right loop:
v(t) = -R2i(t) - (1/C)∫i(t)dt
where,
v(t) = voltage across the capacitor
i(t) = current flowing through the circuit
L = inductance
R1 = resistance of resistor R1
R2 = resistance of resistor R2
C = capacitance of the capacitor
υs(t) = source voltage
Taking Laplace transform of the above equations, we get:
For the left loop:
V(s) = LsI(s) + R1I(s) + V_s(s)
For the right loop:
V(s) = -R2I(s) - (1/SC)I(s)
where,
V(s) = Laplace transform of v(t)
I(s) = Laplace transform of i(t)
V_s(s) = Laplace transform of υs(t)
Now, solving for I(s), we get:
I(s) = V_s(s) / (Ls + R1 + R2 + (1/SC))
Substituting the given values, we get:
I(s) = (2/s) / (0.2259s + 4)
Taking inverse Laplace transform of I(s), we get:
i(t) = 0.444sin(18.1t)u(t) - 0.444cos(18.1t)u(t)
Finally, we can find the voltage across the capacitor as:
v(t) = (1/C)∫i(t)dt
Substituting the given values, we get:
v(t) = -0.606sin(18.1t) + 0.606cos(18.1t) + 2u(t) V
Therefore, the expression for υ(t) in the given circuit is:
υ(t) = -0.606sin(18.1t) + 0.606cos(18.1t) + 2u(t) V
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What unit of electricity is used as a signal for a computer?
Answer:
A power supply unit (PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer. Modern personal computers universally use switched-mode power supplies
Answer:
Volt is the SI (Standard International) unit of electrical potential of the..
Explanation:
Request for proposal (RFP) is a type of document that contains the information and proposals mostly through the bidding process. This document is regarding the valuable assets, services, entity, commodity, etc.
Answer:
Answer to the following is as follows;
Explanation:
A request for proposal is a documentation that invites prospective contractors to submit business opportunities to an agency or corporation interested in procuring a commodities, product, or valuable resource through a bid procedure.
A request for proposal (RFP) is a commercial document that introduces a project, defines it, and invites eligible contractors to compete on its completion.
Please help me please
Answer:
i cant help sorry that is impossible
Explanation:
) is the silicon device layer p-type of n-type? show the direction that carriers flow and the direction of the resulting deflecting force, and electric field caused by the hall effect.
When a positive voltage is generated, the material is said to be p-type, and when a negative voltage is generated, the material is said to be n-type.
Electric potential difference between two sites is referred to as voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference. The work required to transport a test charge between two places in a static electric field correlates to this. The derived unit for voltage in the International System of Units is called a volt Work per unit charge is stated in SI units as joules per coulomb, with 1 volt equaling 1 joule (of work) for 1 coulomb (of charge). The quantum Hall and Josephson effect was first employed in the 1990s, and more recently (in 2019) fundamental physical constants have been incorporated for the definition of all SI units and derived units. Power and current were used in the previous SI definition for the volt.
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Cloud computing offers many significant advantages and opportunities for expansion, but it has its disadvantages as well. Which of the following options is the cheapest and simplest alternative to a cloud?a.Leased lineb.Remote access connectionc.internetd.VPN (virtual private network)
Note that cloud computing offers many significant advantages and opportunities for expansion, but it has its disadvantages as well. The option is the cheapest and simplest alternative to a cloud: Remote Access Connection. (Option B)
What is a Remote Access Connection?Remote access connections allow users to connect to a remote network or computer over the internet, allowing them to access resources and applications remotely.
This can be an effective and cost-effective way to access resources and applications without the need for cloud infrastructure.
Remote access works simply by connecting the remote user to the host computer through the internet. It does not necessitate any extra hardware. Distant access software must instead be downloaded and installed on both the local and remote PCs.
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1. What most commonly joins the structural panels of
a unibody?
(A) Spot welds
(B) Adhesives
(C) Bolts
(DJ Nuts
Answer:
a
Explanation:
becasue it is
describe what happens to the pressure, volume, and temperature of the gas in the internal combustion engine when the spark plug is ignited right after the compression stroke.
Answer: pressure and temp increase, volume decreases
Explanation: When the spark plug ignites the fuel it explodes, thus the temp and pressure will increase. The volume of fuel decreases because it is being burned and eventually expelled.
Cody’s car accelerates from 0m/s to 45 m/s northward in 15 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car

Answer:
3 m/s²
Explanation:
Acceleration is calculated as :
a= Δv/ t
where ;
Δv = change in velocity
Δv = 45 - 0 = 45 m/s
t= 15 s
a= 45 /15
a= 3 m/s²
If a dryer is designed to operate with an electric power consumption of Pelec = 900 W and to heat air from an ambient temperature of Ti = 20°C to a discharge temperature of To = 45°C, at what volumetric flow rate ∀̇ should the fan operate? Heat loss from the casing to the ambient air and the surroundings may be neglected. If the duct has a diameter of D= 50 mm, what is the discharge velocity Vo of the air? The density and specific heat of the air may be approximated as rho = 1.10 kg/m3 and cp= 1007 J/kg·K, respectively.
Given that the dryer is designed to operate with an
electric
power
consumption
of Pelec = 900 W and to heat air from an ambient temperature of Ti = 20°C to a discharge temperature of To = 45°C, and volumetric flow rate ∀̇ needs to be calculated.
Therefore, the rate of
heat
transfer from the
dryer
to the air can be determined as shown below;Q = m·Cp·ΔTWhereQ = Pelec (Power consumption)ΔT = To - TiCp = 1007 J/kg·K (Specific heat of air)m = Q / Cp·ΔTm = (900 / (1007 × (45 - 20))) = 1.2 kg/sThe volumetric flow rate can be
calculated
as follows;∀̇ = m / ρ = 1.2 / 1.10 = 1.091 m³/sThe cross-sectional area of the duct (A) can be determined as shown below;A = πD²/4A = (π × 0.050²) / 4 = 0.001963495 m²Discharge velocity Vo of the air can be calculated using the formula;Vo = ∀̇ / A= 1.091 / 0.001963495 = 555.5 m/sTherefore, the discharge velocity of air from the dryer is 555.5 m/s.
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A_____is any material that poses an unreasonable risk of damage or injury to persons, property, or
the environment if not properly controlled during handling.
Select one:
a. Hazardous material
b. Safety data sheet (SDS)
c. Both A and B
d. None of the above
Answer:
A, Hazardous Material
Explanation: Because that defines a hazardous material. A Safety Data Sheet isn't a material, so it can cause harm.
what's the best way to plan an organized
Answer:
Get ready and comfortable.
List all of the tasks you need to accomplish over the next week. .
Next schedule everything.
Get a planner/calender.
Cut those tasks that do not fit into your
What are the limitations of portable computers?
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A typical oil control ring consists of blank seperate part
A typical oil control ring is a critical component in a piston engine and is responsible for regulating the amount of oil that enters the combustion chamber. It is designed as a separate part and consists of three distinct sections - the top rail, the second rail, and the expander.
The top rail of the oil control ring is designed to scrape oil off the cylinder walls and direct it back into the oil sump. The second rail sits below the top rail and helps to seal the oil control ring against the cylinder walls. The expander, which is located below the second rail, ensures that the oil control ring stays in place and maintains the proper tension against the cylinder walls.
Together, these three sections of the oil control ring work in unison to regulate the flow of oil into the combustion chamber, ensuring that the engine operates at optimal efficiency while minimizing the risk of oil leakage and excessive oil consumption. The design of the oil control ring can vary based on the specific engine application and the manufacturer's design preferences, but its function remains consistent across all applications.
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List the point coordinates for all atoms that are associated with the FCC unit cell. Define all symbols that you use.
The FCC unit cell is a cube with lattice points at each corner. The points can be defined by: (0, 0, 0), (0.5, 0.5, 0), (0.5, 0, 0.5), (0, 0.5, 0.5), (0, 0, 0.5), (0.5, 0, 0), (0, 0.5, 0), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5).
What is FCC unit cell?
FCC unit cell is a three-dimensional representation of a crystal lattice, consisting of a unit cell which is repeated in all directions. It is one of the most common types of unit cells and is also known as a cubic unit cell. The unit cell is a cube with atoms located at the corners and at the center of each face. These atoms form a lattice pattern which is repeated in all directions. The FCC unit cell has a lattice constant, or unit cell edge length, of a=4R, where R is the atomic radius of the atoms in the lattice. The FCC unit cell has a total of four lattice points per unit cell, which is why it is known as a body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell. The FCC unit cell is widely used in materials science to describe the structure of many metallic and non-metallic materials.
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1a) find a recurrence relation for the number of permu- tations of a set with n elements. b) use this recurrence relation to find the number of per- mutations of a set with n elements using iteration.
To find the recurrence relation for the number of permutations of a set with n elements, we can start by considering the base case of n=1. In this case, there is only one permutation of the set, which is the set itself.
Now, let's consider the case where n>1. We can choose one element from the set and fix it in place. There are n choices for which element to fix, and once we have done this, we are left with a set of n-1 elements that we need to permute. By the multiplication principle, the number of permutations of the set of n elements is equal to the number of ways to choose an element to fix, multiplied by the number of permutations of the remaining n-1 elements.
Therefore, we can write the recurrence relation as:
P(n) = n * P(n-1)
where P(n) represents the number of permutations of a set with n elements.
To use this recurrence relation to find the number of permutations of a set with n elements using iteration, we can start by setting the base case of P(1) = 1. Then, we can use the recurrence relation to compute P(2), P(3), and so on, until we reach P(n).
For example, to find P(2), we can use the recurrence relation:
P(2) = 2 * P(1) = 2 * 1 = 2
To find P(3), we can use the recurrence relation again:
P(3) = 3 * P(2) = 3 * 2 = 6
And so on, until we find P(n) using the recurrence relation.
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Explain why proffesional software is not just the programs that are developed for a customer
Professional software encompasses more than just programs developed for a specific customer. It refers to software that is designed and developed to meet high standards of quality, reliability, and efficiency.
This includes robust functionality, user-friendliness, and seamless integration with other systems. In addition, professional software often comes with thorough documentation, ongoing support, and regular updates to ensure optimal performance.
Developers of professional software invest time and resources in understanding the needs of their target audience, following industry best practices, and adhering to relevant regulations and standards.
As a result, such software caters to a wider range of users and industries, rather than being limited to custom solutions for individual customers. This broad applicability allows professional software to facilitate diverse tasks and processes, ultimately contributing to enhanced productivity and business growth.
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Using the formula XC=1/(2πfC) in your answer, how would a capacitor influence a simple DC series circuit?
The capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit increases when its capacitance decreases and vice-versa.
What is a DC series circuit?A DC series circuit can be defined as a type of circuit in which all of its resistive components are connected end to end, so as to form a single path for the flow of current.
This ultimately implies that, the same amount of current flows through a direct current (DC) series circuit.
The capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit.Mathematically, the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit is given by this formula:
\(X_C = \frac{1}{2\pi fC}\)
Where:
is the capacitive reactance.f is the frequency.C is the capacitance.From the above formula, we can deduce that the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit is inversely proportional to both frequency and capacitance. Thus, the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit increases when its capacitance decreases and vice-versa.
In conclusion, a capacitor would influence a simple DC series circuit by blocking the flow of direct current (DC) through it.
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You are an engineer in an electric-generation station. You know that the flames in the boiler reach a temperature of 1275 K and that cooling water at 300 K is available from a nearby river. What is the maximum efficiency your plant will ever achieve
The maximum efficiency your plant will ever achieve is approximately 76.47%.Electric generation is the process of producing electricity from a variety of energy sources. The most common sources of electricity generation include fossil fuels, nuclear energy, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, and hydroelectric power.
where Tc is the temperature of the cooling water and Th is the temperature of the flames in the boiler.
Substituting the given values, we get:
Carnot efficiency = 1 - (300 K/1275 K)
= 1 - 0.2353
= 0.7647 or 76.47%
Efficiency (η) = 1 - (Tc / Th)
where η is the efficiency, Tc is the temperature of the cooling water (in Kelvin), and Th is the temperature of the flames in the boiler (in Kelvin).
In this case, Tc = 300 K (temperature of cooling water) and Th = 1275 K (temperature of flames in the boiler). Plugging these values into the formula, you get:
Efficiency (η) = 1 - (300 / 1275) = 1 - 0.2353 ≈ 0.7647
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Select a movement with which you are familiar and list at least five questions that you, as a movement analyst, might ask the performer of the movement to gain additional knowledge about a performance
A movement that I am familiar is a religious movement known as Heavenly conscious movement and the things i want them to gain additional knowledge about a performance on:
The right way to live.The right way to pray.Becoming closer in our walk with God.Becoming closer in our work with God.Helping others to see the light.What in history is a movement?A movement is known to be one that make use of planning as well as unpredictability. The movement is one that is given identity, leadership, as well as coordination by one or more organizations.
Therefore, A movement that I am familiar is a religious movement known as Heavenly conscious movement and the things i want them to gain additional knowledge about a performance on:
The right way to live.The right way to pray.Becoming closer in our walk with God.Becoming closer in our work with God.Helping others to see the light.Learn more about religious movements from
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Consider a vertical piston/cylinder system. The piston has a mass of 35 kg and has an unknown radius. There is a pressure gauge to output the pressure inside the cylinder. If the piston is compressed and the pressure gauge reads 300 kPa. What is the area of the piston
Answer:
Area of the piston = 1.143 * 10^-3 m^2
Explanation:
Here, we are tasked with calculating the area of the piston.
Mathematically, the area of the piston =
Piston force/ cylinder pressure
From the question,
Piston force = mg where m is the mass of the piston = 35 kg and g is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s^2
Thus, piston force = 35 * 9.8 = 343 N
Now the pressure gauge reads 300 KPa and 1KPa = 300 * 10^3 Pa = 300000 Pa
Thus, the area of the piston = 343/300000 =
0.001143333333 m^2 which is simply 1.143 * 10^-3 m^2
Consider a regenerative gas-turbine power plant with two stages of compression and two stages of expansion. The overall pressure ratio of the cycle is 9. The air enters each stage of the compressor at 300 K and each stage of the turbine at 1200 K. Accounting for the variation of specific heats with temperature, determine the minimum mass flow rate of air needed to develop a net power output of 105 MW.
Answer: the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW is 238.2 kg/s
Explanation:
from the T-S diagram, we get the overall pressure ratio of the cycle is 9
Calculate the pressure ratio in each stage of compression and expansion. P1/P2 = P4/P3 = √9 = 3
P5/P6 = P7/P8 = √9 =3
get the properties of air from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.
At temperature T1 =300K
Specific enthalpy of air h1 = 300.19 kJ/kg
Relative pressure pr1 = 1.3860
At temperature T5 = 1200 K
Specific enthalpy h5 = 1277.79 kJ/kg
Relative pressure pr5 = 238
Calculate the relative pressure at state 2
Pr2 = (P2/P1) Pr5
Pr2 =3 x 1.3860 = 4.158
get the two values of relative pressure between which the relative pressure at state 2 lies and take the corresponding values of specific enthalpy from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.
Relative pressure pr = 4.153
The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 411.12 kJ/kg
Relative pressure pr = 4.522
The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 421.26 kJ/kg
Find the specific enthalpy of state 2 by the method of interpolation
(h2 - 411.12) / ( 421.26 - 411.12) =
(4.158 - 4.153) / (4.522 - 4.153 )
h2 - 411.12 = (421.26 - 411.12) ((4.158 - 4.153) / (4.522 - 4.153))
h2 - 411.12 = 0.137
h2 = 411.257kJ/kg
Calculate the relative pressure at state 6.
Pr6 = (P6/P5) Pr5
Pr6 = 1/3 x 238 = 79.33
Obtain the two values of relative pressure between which the relative pressure at state 6 lies and take the corresponding values of specific enthalpy from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.
Relative pressure Pr = 75.29
The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 932.93 kJ/kg
Relative pressure pr = 82.05
The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 955.38 kJ/kg
Find the specific enthalpy of state 6 by the method of interpolation.
(h6 - 932.93) / ( 955.38 - 932.93) =
(79.33 - 75.29) / ( 82.05 - 75.29 )
(h6 - 932.93) = ( 955.38 - 932.93) ((79.33 - 75.29) / ( 82.05 - 75.29 )
h6 - 932.93 = 13.427
h6 = 946.357 kJ/kg
Calculate the total work input of the first and second stage compressors
(Wcomp)in = 2(h2 - h1 ) = 2( 411.257 - 300.19 )
= 222.134 kJ/kg
Calculate the total work output of the first and second stage turbines.
(Wturb)out = 2(h5 - h6) = 2( 1277.79 - 946.357 )
= 662.866 kJ/kg
Calculate the net work done
Wnet = (Wturb)out - (Wcomp)in
= 662.866 - 222.134
= 440.732 kJ/kg
Calculate the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW
W = m × Wnet
(105 x 10³) kW = m(440.732 kJ/kg)
m = (105 x 10³) / 440.732
m = 238.2 kg/s
therefore the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW is 238.2 kg/s