this problem is taken from problem 3.16b in sipser. prove that turing-recognizable languages are closed under concatenation
Answers
To prove turing-recognizable languages are closed under concatenation, we need given two turing-recognizable languages L1 and L2, their concatenation L1 L2 turing-recognizable.
Let M1 and M2 be the Turing machines that recognize L1 and L2 respectively. We can construct a new Turing machine M3 that recognizes L1L2 as follows:
1. M3 first reads the input w.
2. Then it simulates M1 on all possible ways to split w into two parts x and y (i.e., w = xy). If M1 accepts x and M2 accepts y, then M3 accepts w. Otherwise, M3 continues simulating M1 on the remaining possible splits.
3. If M3 has exhausted all possible splits without accepting w, then it rejects.
Since M1 and M2 are turing-recognizable, M3 can simulate them in a turing-recognizable way to recognize L1L2. Therefore, turing-recognizable languages are closed under concatenation.
L1 is a language that can be decided, and Turing machine M1 can decide L1. That is, strings in L1 are accepted by M1, but strings outside of L1 are rejected. Similar to L2, which is Turing-recognizable but not decidable, M2 is a Turing machine that can recognise L2, which means M2 will accept strings that are in L2 and may reject or loop over strings that are not in L2.
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Related Questions
Liza is setting up a new Wi-Fi router to use Wi-Fi 5. What is the standard the router I using?
The router is using____, one of the new features added to this standard is___.
Blank 1: 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11ac
Blank 2: MU-MIMO, MIMO, Mixed-MIMO
Answers
Answer: i have no idea
Explanation:
Im not smart
How would the grain crusher work
Answers
Answer:
Grain crusher is used to crush various kinds of grains, peas, buckwheat, beans, corn, linseed seeds and etc. Crushed grains are usually used to feed ruminant animals. Crushed grain are easier to digest, nutrients are assimilated more easily.
Customizable diagrams, including List, Process, and Cycle diagrams, are built into Word and can be found in
O SmartArt.
O WordArt.
O Clip Art
O Pictures
Please help ASAP
Answers
Answer:
clip art
Explanation:
i hope this helps you
Define a class to work with sets of integers. Use once the STL vector and once the STL list class.
Answers
Here's an example implementation of a class to work with sets of integers using both the STL vector and list classes:
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
class IntegerSet {
private:
std::vector<int> m_setVector;
std::list<int> m_setList;
public:
// Insert an integer into the set
void insert(int num) {
// Check if the number is already in the set
if (contains(num)) {
return;
}
// Add the number to the vector and list
m_setVector.push_back(num);
m_setList.push_back(num);
// Sort the vector and list
std::sort(m_setVector.begin(), m_setVector.end());
m_setList.sort();
}
// Check if the set contains an integer
bool contains(int num) const {
// Check if the number is in the vector
if (std::binary_search(m_setVector.begin(), m_setVector.end(), num)) {
return true;
}
// Check if the number is in the list
if (std::find(m_setList.begin(), m_setList.end(), num) != m_setList.end()) {
return true;
}
// Number not found
return false;
}
// Remove an integer from the set
void remove(int num) {
// Check if the number is in the set
if (!contains(num)) {
return;
}
// Remove the number from the vector and list
m_setVector.erase(std::remove(m_setVector.begin(), m_setVector.end(), num), m_setVector.end());
m_setList.remove(num);
}
// Get the size of the set
int size() const {
// The size of the set is the size of the vector or list
return m_setVector.size();
}
};
In this implementation, the IntegerSet class has two private member variables: an STL vector and an STL list. The insert function inserts an integer into the set by adding it to both the vector and the list, then sorting them using the std::sort and list::sort functions. The contains function checks if the set contains an integer by searching for it in both the vector and the list. The remove function removes an integer from the set by erasing it from the vector using the std::remove function and removing it from the list using the list::remove function. The size function returns the size of the set, which is the size of the vector or list.
This implementation demonstrates the differences between using the vector and list classes. The vector provides fast access to elements using index notation, while the list provides efficient insertion and deletion operations.
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Select the correct text in the passage.
Select the sentence that is not the correct use of technology in parenting.
Technology has helped parents to access a vast information resource due to the presence of the internet. They can show a range of education
material like nursery rhymes, stories, scientific concepts, and so on conveniently on their smartphones. Teachers can coordinate with the
parents about the child's progress due to smartphones and various applications on it. Some parents have replaced the customary practice of
reading a bedtime story to children with a television show of the child's choice.
Reset
Next
Answers
Answer:
some parents have replaced the customary practice of reading a bedtime story to childern with a television show of the child's choice
Explanation:
The ________ specification supports a communication connection between the operating system and the SSD directly through a PCIe bus lane, reducing latency and taking full advantage of the wicked-fast speeds of high-end SSDs.
Answers
There are different kinds of items. The Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) specification supports a communication connection between the operating system and the SSD directly.
Why is NVMe non volatile?NVMe is known as Non-Volatile Memory Express. This is referred to as a kind of new protocol for looking through high-speed storage media that brings a lot of advantages when compared to legacy protocols.
The Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) specification is known to aid supports a communication connection between the operating system and the SSD in a forward manner.
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How would you identify the cell located in column
Brow 12?
A. 12B
B. B12
C. B:12
D. 12:B
Answers
Answer:
B. B12
Explanation:
Edge2021
You can use the ____ method to search a string to determine whether it contains a specific sequence of characters.
Answers
Answer:
in
Explanation:
Not an explanation, but here's an example:
if "mouth" in "mouthwatering":
print("It is.")
else:
pass
Another example:
if "water" in "mouthwatering":
print("Yes.")
else:
pass
How can you make sure to save all annotations from a slide show?
When you exit the slide show, select Keep the Annotations.
O Before beginning the slide show, select Save All Annotations.
During the slide show, right-click and select Save Annotations.
O All annotations are automatically saved as a copy of the presentation.
Answers
Answer:
when you exit the slide show, select keep annotations
Explanation:
To save all annotations from a slide show, make sure that When you exit the slide show, select Keep the Annotations.
What is annotation?This is known to be a kind of a note that is said to be added through comment or explanation.
It is often used by writers. Note that the right thing to do is to To save all annotations from a slide show, make sure that When you exit the slide show, select Keep the Annotations.
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The binary number 11000001 converted to decimal is ____.
a. 128 c. 193
b. 164 d. 201
Answers
"The binary number 11000001 converted to decimal is 193."
To convert a binary number to decimal, we multiply each digit by its corresponding power of 2 and add up the results. In this case, we have:
\(1 * 2^7 + 1 * 2^6 + 0 * 2^5 + 0 * 2^4 + 0 * 2^3 + 0 * 2^2 + 0 * 2^1 + 1 * 2^0\)
= 128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 1
= 193
Therefore, the binary number 11000001 converted to decimal is 193. Binary numbers are used in computer science and digital electronics to represent numerical data using only two digits (0 and 1) and are essential for performing operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication.
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Why is vocabulary important in science?
Answers
Answer:
A strong focus on vocabulary helps students understand and communicate using appropriate terminology, and the incorporation of imagery makes learning fun. Research has shown that words and text which enable the formation of images facilitate recall and that's why it is also important in science
Answer:
It helps you understand big words that can be used in science.
Explanation:
To generate integers between and including -10 to 10 you would use:
random.randint(-10, 10)
random.random()*20 + -10
random.random(-10, 10)
randint(-10, 10)
I will give Brainliest
Answers
Answer:
random.randint(-10,10)
Explanation:
"What is the longest time (with extensions) a developer can have to file a final map after receiving tentative map approval?"
Answers
Answer:
The answer is "Five years (Two years)".
Explanation:
It supplies with proactive maps of approved modifications beyond the limits of plan may be expanded by the submission of final maps, reflecting the stages of the initial proactive plan, up to ten years with both the chief administrator.
Its provisional submission of a map, that will include the request forms or other resources provided at the request of the city administrator and the office. It also allows the phasing for the current map, that has been accepted.Write a program to calculate the volume of a cube which contains 27 number of small identical cubes on the basis of the length of small cube input by a user.
Answers
Answer:
This program is written in python programming language.
The program is self explanatory; hence, no comments was used; However, see explanation section for line by line explanation.
Program starts here
length = float(input("Length of small cube: "))
volume = 27 * length**3
print("Volume: "+(str(volume)))
Explanation:
The first line of the program prompts the user for the length of the small cube;
length = float(input("Length of small cube: "))
The volume of the 27 identical cubes is calculated on the next line;
volume = 27 * length**3
Lastly, the calculated volume of the 27 cubes is printed
print("Volume: "+(str(volume)))
HTML coding ......plz help
Answers
Answer:
<html>
<title=succes secrets>
<bg color="orange">
<body>
success...........all those text on isde
Discussion Topic
How does social media affect the process of globalization? Give examples. In what
ways does social media help in creating global communities? Discuss other positive
influences of social media. What might be the adverse effects of excessive use of social
media?
Answers
Answer:
Social media positively affects and impacts the process of globalization. ... Global communities is a social infrastructure tool and as social media helps in strengthening social relationships and bringing people and communities together it leads to creating a string global community.
Please select the most appropriate answer.
1. The data processing activity that involves
rekeying miskeyed or misscanned data is called _______________.
A. editing
B. data storage
C. data corr
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
1. The data processing activity that involves rekeying miskeyed or misscanned data is called A. editing.
In data processing, editing refers to the process of reviewing and correcting data for accuracy and consistency. When miskeyed or misscanned data is identified, it needs to be rekeyed or corrected to ensure the integrity of the data. This activity is part of the editing process, where errors and inconsistencies are identified and rectified to ensure the quality and reliability of the data.
Learn more about data processing activities, including editing, to understand the importance of data accuracy and quality assurance in various systems and processes.
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SRFRAME RKMATE - people from nearby provinces come to buy livestock direct from raisers themselves.
Answers
Answer:
Farmers market.
Explanation:
Farmers market is a type of market (marketplace) where people from nearby provinces come to buy livestock direct from raisers themselves.
This ultimately implies that, the consumers go to farmers market to buy farm produce such as vegetables, fruits and livestock directly from the farmers.
Additionally, farmers market is devoid of middlemen such as wholesalers or retailers in the transactional process.
What element allows text to be displayed in italics, which means the words are slanted to the right?
a
The < crooked > element
b
The < italic > element
c
The < em > element
d
The < slant > element
Answers
Answer:
the answer is the italic element
a data analyst uses a function to sort a spreadsheet range between cells h1 and k65. they sort in ascending order by the first column, column h. what is the syntax they are using?
Answers
Syntax used, =SORT(H1:K65, 1, TRUE)
What is syntax language?A computer language's syntax refers to the rules that specify the symbol combinations that are regarded as properly formed statements or expressions in that language. This holds true for both markup languages, where the page represents data, and programming languages, where the document represents source code.A language's outer shape is defined by its syntax. Visual programming languages are based on the spatial organization. Linkages between symbols, as opposed to text-based computer languages, which are based on character sequences (which may be textual or graphical). Syntax errors are described as being present in a document. When creating a language's syntax, a designer could begin by creating instances of both legal and improper strings before attempting to deduce the general guidelines from these examples.To learn more about syntax, refer to
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You are creating a video game. You’ve finished creating all of the background, enemies, and challenges. All that is left is to get the main player character moving, so that people can play the game. You know the objective of the game, so you start to describe the different character movements that are needed to win in pseudocode. Your pseudocode is helping you do what to your game code?
Group of answer choices
initiate
refine
debug
modulate
Answers
Answer:
It helps refine or debug, most likely refine.
Explanation:
PLEASE MARK BRAINLIEST
Learning Task 2: Write TRUE if the sentence is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.
Write your answer in a clean sheet of paper.
1. The assessment of the product is important before mass production.
2. Making project plan is done after finishing your project.
3. Observe health and safety measure while doing the project,
4. Preparing all materials needed is the first step in doing the project.
5. Making and following the project plan got a good result in the
project being made.
t. In doing the project benefits that we can get out of the product
must be considered,
7. Expensive materials are used when making the project.
8. Know the appropriate tools and materials needed.
9. Designing project plan helps you to become conscious in any
project.
10. Itemize the steps to do before you start the project,
Answers
TRUE - Assessing the product is important to ensure that it meets the desired quality standards and specifications before mass production.
FALSE - Making a project plan is done before starting the project to provide a clear roadmap and direction to follow.
TRUE - Observing health and safety measures is crucial to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of those involved in the project.
TRUE - Preparing all necessary materials before starting the project is essential to avoid delays and interruptions during the process.
TRUE - Making and following a project plan can lead to a successful outcome by providing a clear direction and structure to the project.
TRUE - Considering the benefits of the project's outcome is important to determine its value and impact.
FALSE - Expensive materials are not always required for a project. The choice of materials depends on the project's scope, budget, and requirements.
TRUE - Knowing the appropriate tools and materials is important to ensure efficient and effective completion of the project.
TRUE - Designing a project plan helps to create a conscious and intentional approach to the project, promoting better organization and management.
TRUE - Itemizing the steps to do before starting the project helps to provide a clear understanding of what needs to be done and in what order.
It is important to understand the various steps involved in a project to ensure its success. These include assessing the product, making a project plan, preparing materials, observing health and safety measures, and knowing the appropriate tools and materials to use.
It is also important to consider the benefits of the project's outcome and to itemize the steps needed before starting the project. By following these steps, the project can be completed efficiently and effectively.
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In database applications, reports are created to display selected information.
a. true
b. false
Answers
In database applications, reports are created to display selected information is a true statement.
What are reports in DBMS?A report is known to be a kind of a database object that is aid to be used a lot especially if a person want to depict or show the information in their database for:
Show or distribute a summary of data. Save snapshots of the data. Provide details about some records.Therefore, based on the above, In database applications, reports are created to display selected information is a true statement.
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A database is used to _____. create an expense budget organize a large collection of data develop Web pages send written communications electronically
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is: "organize a large collection of data"
Explanation:
Database is a set of software tools that is sued to store and manage large amount of data. Different softwares are used to create and manage databases. Database keeps the data organized so it is easy to search and read the data in a database.
Hence,
The correct answer is: "organize a large collection of data"
The answer as organize a large collection of information
which diagram best represents the relationship between the internet and the world wide web?
Answers
The relationship between the internet and the World Wide Web can be best represented by the diagram of overlapping circles or Venn diagram.
The internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) are closely related but distinct concepts. The internet is a global network of interconnected computers and devices that allows the transmission of data and communication between them. On the other hand, the World Wide Web refers to a system of interconnected hypertext documents and resources that are accessed through the internet. A diagram showing overlapping circles or a Venn diagram is often used to depict the relationship between the internet and the World Wide Web. The overlapping portion represents the shared elements and interconnectedness of the two, highlighting how the World Wide Web is an application or service that operates on top of the internet infrastructure.
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What is the term used to describe image file that contains multiple small graphics?
a. thumbnail image
b. sprite
c. image link
d. viewport
Answers
The term "sprite" refers to an image file that contains numerous little graphics.
What is the term for the amount of detail that an image can store?An image's resolution determines how much detail it has. Digital images, film images, and other sorts of images all fall under this umbrella phrase. Image detail is increased with "higher resolution." There are numerous ways to gauge image resolution.
Is Graphic an element in HTML5?With HTML5, we no longer need to rely on pictures or external components like Flash to create visuals. There are two different categories of graphic elements: Canvas. Vector images that can be scaled (SVG). The relative-position attribute is used to position things. absolute. The "left", "right", "top", and "bottom" parameters are used to specify the area's position (and conceivably its size).
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Which of the following statements best describes hard drives typically found in laptops?
A. They are 2.5-inch SATA drives, but they do not hold as much data as the 3.5-inch hard drives found in desktop PCs.
B. They are 3.5-inch ATA drives just like those found in desktop PCs, but they usually require "cable select" settings rather than master or slave.
C. They are 3.5-inch SATA drives that hold more data than the 2.5-inch hard drives found in desktop PCs.
D. They are 2.5-inch PCMCIA drives, while desktops usually have 3.5-inch SCSI drives.
Answers
The correct option is A. They are 2.5-inch SATA drives, but they do not hold as much data as the 3.5-inch hard drives found in desktop PCs.Hard drives are one of the most important components of a laptop. Without it, the laptop will not have an operating system or user data storage.
In laptops, hard drives are similar to those used in desktop computers, with the exception that they are smaller and lighter, as well as less powerful and have a smaller storage capacity. The 2.5-inch SATA drive is the most typical type of hard drive found in a laptop.
SATA, which stands for Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. The SATA interface has been used in laptop hard drives since the late 1990s and early 2000s due to its fast data transfer speed, ease of installation, and low cost. The 3.5-inch hard drives found in desktop PCs are larger than the 2.5-inch SATA drives found in laptops and therefore have more storage capacity. These are also typically faster and more powerful. However, the size difference makes it impossible to install these on the laptop.
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a(n) blank converts the programming instructions written by programmers into a language that the computer understands and processes.
Answers
A compiler converts the programming instructions/code written by programmers into a language that a computer can understand and process.
Computer devices do not understand human language constructs and it is very difficult for humans to write operational codes in computers' understandable formats. Programming languages are designed for humans to read and understand easily. It is necessary that the program or source code is to be translated into machine language so that the computer can interpret and execute the program; since the computers only understand machine language. Thus, to solve this issue, the compiler comes into action. A compiler takes the program code/source code, and converts the source code to a machine language, called an object file, that a computer understands and processes as per the requirements.
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The Fed: decreases the money supply when the economy contracts. performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates. calculates the expected expenditure for the federal government every year. outlines expected revenue that is due from the collection of taxes and fees.
Answers
Answer:
performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates.
Explanation:
The Federal Reserve System ( popularly referred to as the 'Fed') was created by the Federal Reserve Act, passed by the U.S Congress on the 23rd of December, 1913. The Fed began operations in 1914 and just like all central banks, the Federal Reserve is a United States government agency.
Generally, it comprises of twelve (12) Federal Reserve Bank regionally across the United States of America.
Hence, the Fed performs banking services for commercial banks in districts where it operates, as well as providing services to the general public.
Can anyone help me with a mental ability work plzz
Answers
choose the correct option:
1) using
2) is
3) use
4) to eat
5) use