to condition ecg raw signals, you need to build the circuit with an amplifier and a band pass filter. draw a complete sketch of your circuit diagram. (for your ecg recording, you can consider electrode from right arm (ra) as a negative terminal and from left arm (la) as a positive terminal of your input). mark pin numbers of the amplifier and output of the circuit in your diagram
Answers
To condition ECG raw signals, a circuit consisting of an amplifier and a bandpass filter can be used. The circuit diagram for this can be drawn as follows:
Input (RA- right arm, LA- left arm) --> Pin 2 of Instrumentation Amplifier (INA) --> Pin 6 of INA --> 0.1 μF capacitor --> Pin 5 of INA --> 100 kΩ resistor --> Pin 4 of INA --> 0.1 μF capacitor --> Pin 3 of INA --> Ground
The INA is a differential amplifier that amplifies the ECG signals and removes common mode noise. The output of the INA is then passed through a bandpass filter to remove unwanted frequencies and enhance the desired frequencies. The bandpass filter can be designed using passive components such as resistors and capacitors.
The output of the circuit can be taken from the output pin of the bandpass filter. The pin numbers of the amplifier and output of the circuit are marked in the diagram as Pin 2 and Pin 5 of INA and the output pin of the bandpass filter, respectively.
This circuit can be useful for conditioning ECG signals for further analysis and diagnosis of heart conditions.
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Related Questions
Para un intercambiador de calor encargado de precalentar pulpa de fruta, se utiliza agua caliente que entra a 180°C y sale a 78°C, mientras que la pulpa de fruta entra a 3°C y sube su temperatura hasta 55°C. Realizar los esquemas de perfil de temperaturas para un intercambiador de calor que funcione en paralelo y en contracorriente. Además, calcular LMTD.
Answers
Answer:
La diferencia media logarítimica de temperatura del intercambiador en paralelo es aproximadamente 75.466 ºC.
La diferencia media logarítmica de temperatura del intercambiador en contracorriente es aproximadamente 97.881 ºC.
Explanation:
De la teoría de Transferencia de Calor tenemos que un intercambiador de calor en paralelo presenta las siguientes dos características:
1) Tanto el fluido caliente como el fluido frío entran por el mismo lado.
2) Tanto el fluido caliente como el fluido frío salen por el mismo lado.
Mientras que el intercambiador de calor en contracorriente tiene que:
1) El fluido caliente y el fluido frío entran por lados opuestos.
2) El fluido caliente y el fluido frío salen por lados opuestos.
A continuación, anexamos los esquemas de perfil de cada intercambiador.
Ahora, la Diferencia Media Logarítimica de Temperatura (\(\Delta T_{lm}\)), medida en grados Celsius, queda definida como sigue:
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{\Delta T_{1}-\Delta T_{2}}{\ln \frac{\Delta T_{1}}{\Delta T_{2}} }\) (Eq. 1)
Donde \(\Delta T_{1}\) y \(\Delta T_{2}\) son las diferencias de temperatura de los fluidos en cada extremo del intercambiador, medido en grados Celsius.
Procedemos a determinar esas diferencias y la Diferencia Media Logarítimica de Temperatura para cada configuración:
Intercambiador en paralelo
\(\Delta T_{1} = 180\,^{\circ}C-3\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{1} = 177\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 78\,^{\circ}C - 55\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 23\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{177\,^{\circ}C-23\,^{\circ}C}{\ln \frac{177\,^{\circ}C}{23\,^{\circ}C} }\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} \approx 75.466\,^{\circ}C\)
La diferencia media logarítimica de temperatura del intercambiador en paralelo es aproximadamente 75.466 ºC.
Intercambiador en contracorriente
\(\Delta T_{1} = 180\,^{\circ}C-55\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{1} = 125\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 78\,^{\circ}C-3\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{2} = 75\,^{\circ}C\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{125\,^{\circ}C-75\,^{\circ}C}{\ln \frac{125\,^{\circ}C}{75\,^{\circ}C} }\)
\(\Delta T_{lm} \approx 97.881\,^{\circ}C\)
La diferencia media logarítmica de temperatura del intercambiador en contracorriente es aproximadamente 97.881 ºC.
Consider the following Moore’s law growth pattern (since 1980) for the number of transistors inside a particular commercial microprocessor: N = 1920 x 10 0.1637(Y – 1980) where Y is the year and N is the number of transistors. Assuming sustained Moore’s law growth, what will be the number of transistors in a microprocessor in year 2025? Using the same expression, calculate how many years it will take for the transistor count to increase by 100x
Answers
Answer:
No. of transistors = \($4.1524 \times 10^{10}$\) transistors
Explanation:
Given that:
N = \($1920 \times 10^{0.163(Y-1980)}$\)
Y = 2025
N = \($1920 \times 10^{0.163(2025-1980)}$\)
N = \($4.1524 \times 10^{10}$\) transistors
Now at Y = 1980
Number of transistors N = 1920
Therefore,
\($1000 = 10^{0.163(Y-1980)}$\)
\($\log_{10} 1000=0.163(Y-1980)$\)
\($\frac{3}{0.163}=Y-1980$\)
18 ≅ 18.4 = Y - 1980
Y = 1980 + 18
= 1998
So, to increase multiples of 1000 transistors. it takes 18 years.
19.2 In a certain manual operation, the first work unit required 7.83 min to complete and the learning rate is known to be 84% in the Wright model. Using this learning curve model, determines the average cumulative times to produce (a) the second unit, (b) the 10th unit, and (c) the 100th unit. (d) Find the total cumulative time for the 100 units and the unit time. for the 100th unit.
Answers
Using this learning curve model, the average cumulative times to produce (a) the second unit is 6.54 min (b) the 10th unit is 4.39 min and (c) the 100th unit is 2.46 min (d) Find the total cumulative time for the 100 units and the unit time is 1.84 min.
What is learning curve model?The learning curve theory has proposed that the efficiency of a learner in a task gets improved by the time. The more the learner performs the task, the better is the performance.
a) m =ln (0.84)/ln2 = -0.25154
T2 = 7.83 (2)^(-0.25154) = 7.84 x 0.84 = 6.54 min
b) T10 = 7.83 x (10)^(-0.25154) = 7.84 x 0.5604 = 4.39 min
c) T100 = 7.83 x (100)^(-0.25154) = 7.84 x 0.3140= 2.46 min
Thus, the average cumulative times to produce (a) the second unit is 6.54 min (b) the 10th unit is 4.39 min and (c) the 100th unit is 2.46 min
The total cumulative time for 100th unit is
d) TT100 =7.873 x (100)^(1-0.25154) = 7.84 x 31.40= 245.86 min
TT99 = =7.873 x (99)^(1-0.25154) = 7.84 x 31.164= 244.02 min
T100 = 245.86 -244.02 = 1.84 min
Therefore, the total cumulative time for the 100 units and unit time is 1.84 min
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A conventional steering system has all of the following except
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Tie rod
What phase(s) of the system life cycle are you in if you addressing item OP-1 (in the NIST 800-160 v1)?
Choose all that apply
A. Design Phase
B. Development Phase
C. Maintenance Phase
D. None of the above
Answers
In the system life cycle, if you address item OP-1 (in the NIST 800-160 v1), then you are in the Design and Development phases. Thus, the correct answer is A. Design Phase and B. Development Phase.
The system life cycle is the process of developing and maintaining a system from conception to retirement. It consists of five stages: planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. The system development life cycle (SDLC) is another term for the system life cycle. The five phases of the system life cycle are as follows:1. Planning Phase: In this stage, the requirements are analyzed and defined, and the feasibility of the project is assessed.2. Analysis Phase: In this stage, the current system is studied to determine its strengths and weaknesses. The requirements are gathered and analyzed.3. Design Phase: In this stage, the system's design is created, including hardware, software, and procedures.4. Implementation Phase: In this stage, the system is installed and tested.5. Maintenance Phase: In this stage, the system is monitored and maintained to ensure that it continues to function properly.What is the NIST 800-160?The National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) "Systems Security Engineering: An Integrated Approach to Building Trustworthy Resilient Systems" is a security engineering guide. This is a security engineering process reference guide that was first published in 2016. This guide is used by organizations to develop and build secure and trustworthy systems.
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technician a says that crankshaft end play is controlled by the fillet radius of the crankshaft journals. technician b says that the main bearings limit crankshaft end play. who is correct?
Answers
The camshaft moves in the engine block from back to front is referred to as end play. It is also known as how far the camera will "walk."
Only Roller Camshafts are subject to end play. Tapered lobes on flat tappet cams push the camshaft toward the rear of the engine block. Mechanism of the Valve and Gear Train The movement of the crankshaft is synchronized with the movement of the camshaft and the valves using a gear train or valve timing device. A thin calibrated plastic strip serves as a plastic gauge. It can be used to measure gaps and check bearing clearance. It is utilized at locations on crank or connecting rod bearings where a micrometer measurement cannot be made quickly.
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calculate the length of the resistor of a circular wire in a heater element connected to a 240V supply and the heater consumes 8 joules of energy in 0,25 seconds.The resistor element is made of aluminium and it has a uniform cross-sectional area with a diameter of 0,00016 inches.
hint: 1 inch=25,4 MN, resistivity of aluminium=2,825×10^-6 cm ohms
Answers
Answer:
82.7 cm or 32.5 in
Explanation:
The required resistance is calculated from the relationship of power, voltage, and resistance. The wire length to give that resistance is calculated from ...
L = A·R/ρ
The power is the ratio of energy to time:
P = E/t = (8 J)/(0.25 s) = 32 W
The required resistance is ...
R = V²/P = (240 V)²/(32 W) = 1800 Ω
__
Then the required wire length is ...
L = (π/4)(0.00016 in × 2.54 cm/in)²×(1800 Ω)/(2.825×10^-6 Ω·cm)
L ≈ 82.65 cm
The length of aluminum wire required is about 82.7 cm or 32.5 in.
_____
Additional comment
This wire is roughly 66 AWG, about 1/6 the diameter of a human hair. Its melting current in still air is likely well below the current it carries in this heater. That is, it probably needs to experience significant airflow in order to maintain its integrity.
some connecting rods have ____ to help lubricate the cylinder wall or piston pin.
Answers
Answer:
some connecting rods have spit holes
Some connecting rods have crankshaft to help lubricate the cylinder wall or piston pin.
What are crankshaft?A crankshaft is a mechanical component that converts reciprocating motion in a piston engine into rotational motion.
The crankshaft is a rotating shaft with one or more crankpins that drive the pistons via the connecting rods.
Reduced fuel economy is one issue you'll face if your car's crankshaft isn't working properly. The reason for this is that your vehicle's fuel injectors will not efficiently direct gas to the engine.
The connecting rods' big ends are lubricated with oil that travels up an oilway drilled through the crankshaft.
From the main bearings to the big end bearings, oil is pushed. It will lubricate the cylinder walls in some engines by passing through a passage drilled in the connecting rod.
Thus, the answer is crankshaft.
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Which of the following creates a digest and does not create ciphertext that can later be decrypted? a. symmetric cryptography b. hash alhorithm c. asymmetric cryptography d. Message Digest Encryption (MDE)
Answers
Explain how the mobile phone can be classified as disruptive innovation.
Answers
Answer: The evolution of cell phones to software-centric smartphones has changed the economics of production and competition. The leveraging of economies of scale, scope, and externality effects has powered the evolution of smartphone as disruptive innovation. It has disrupted a number of products and their producers because of the growing underlying natural tendency of convergence and monopoly. It has also been diffusing as growing progressive waves.
Explanation:
Find the first five terms of the sequence defined by an=6an-1
Answers
Answer:
The first five terms of the given geometric sequence are
8,40,200,1000,5000
Explanation:
:)
identify which country has an absolute advantage in production of cookies and which has the absolute advantage in production of milk
Answers
a) Question Completion:
INPUT HOURS OF LABOR
Country Cookies Milk
Atlantis 2 hours 1 hour
Neverland 4 hours 1 hour
Answer:
1. Atlantis has the absolute advantage in the production of cookies.
2. No country has the absolute advantage in the production of milk.
Explanation:
Absolute advantage refers to superior production capability. It is determined when a country, for example, has the ability to produce a particular good or service at lower cost or more efficiently (i.e. with less resources) than the other country. In the scenario above, Atlantis has an absolute advantage in the production of cookies because it can produce the same quantity of cookies using 2 labor hours that Neverland can produce using 4 labor hours. But for the production of milk, Atlantis and Neverland share the same comparative advantage less they can use less labor hours to produce milk than they can produce cookies.
If we reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false we have committed _____
Answers
If we reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false, we have committed a Type I error. This is also known as a false positive error. A Type I error occurs when we reject the null hypothesis, even though it is actually true. In other words, we conclude that there is a significant difference or effect when in reality there is none.
This type of error is common in hypothesis testing and can occur when the level of significance (alpha) is set too high. It is important to control for Type I errors, as they can lead to incorrect conclusions and false interpretations of the data. One way to reduce the likelihood of Type I errors is to lower the level of significance to a more conservative value, such as 0.01.
In summary, a Type I error occurs when we reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true. It is important to control for this error to ensure that our conclusions are accurate and reliable.
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Determine the carburizing time necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of 0.30 wt% at a position 4 mm into an iron–carbon alloy that initially contains 0.10 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 0.90 wt% C, and the treatment is to be conducted at 1100°C. Use the diffusion data for γ-Fe.
Answers
Answer:
the carburizing time necessary to achieve a carbon concentration is 31.657 hours
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
To determine the carburizing time necessary to achieve the given carbon concentration, we will be using the following equation:
(Cs - Cx) / (Cs - C0) = ERF( x / 2√Dt)
where Cs is Concentration of carbon at surface = 0.90
Cx is Concentration of carbon at distance x = 0.30 ; x in this case is 4 mm = ( 0.004 m )
C0 is Initial concentration of carbon = 0.10
ERF() = Error function at the given value
D = Diffusion of Carbon into steel
t = Time necessary to achieve given carbon concentration ,
so
(Cs - Cx) / (Cs - C0) = (0.9 - 0.3) / (0.9 - 0.1)
= 0.6 / 0.8
= 0.75
now, ERF(z) = 0.75; using ERF table, we can say;
Z ~ 0.81; which means ( x / 2√Dt) = 0.81
Now, Using the table of diffusion data
D = 5.35 × 10⁻¹¹ m²/sec at (1100°C) or 1373 K
now we calculate the carbonizing time by using the following equation;
z = (x/2√Dt)
t is carbonizing time
so we we substitute in our values
0.81 = ( 0.004 / 2 × √5.35 × 10⁻¹¹ × √t)
0.81 = 0.004 / 1.4628 × 10⁻⁵ × √t
0.81 × 1.4628 × 10⁻⁵ × √t = 0.004
1.184868 × 10⁻⁵ × √t = 0.004
√t = 0.004 / 1.184868 × 10⁻⁵
√t = 337.5903
t = ( 337.5903)²
t = 113967.21 seconds
we convert to hours
t = 113967.21 / 3600
t = 31.657 hours
Therefore, the carburizing time necessary to achieve a carbon concentration is 31.657 hours
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
Who focuses on planning a long-term business?
focus on planning a long-term business.
Reset
Next
Answers
Explanation:
A business man who really focus on victory achieved through a right procedure will focus on long-term planning.
Let us understand what a short-term and long-term planning is.
Short-term will plan only for two-three years. But a long-term plan will look for future five years income projection, plan of expansion, bigger goals, etc.
A business man is the person who take risks and achieve more. A victory can be achieved in many ways one is taking bigger risks, next is focusing on long-term plans
If this is wrong, give me the answer choices so I know what's right or wrong. I'll edit the question if given to me.
which of the following standards is typically used in a rollover cable
Answers
The Cisco rollover standard is typically used in a rollover cable.
A rollover cable is a cable with an RJ-45 connector at one end and a console connector at the other end used to connect to a console port on networking equipment, such as routers and switches.
The console port is a special serial port used for device configuration and management. Rollover cables are wired differently than other types of Ethernet cables and typically follow the Cisco rollover standard (also known as Yost). This standard uses the following pinout configuration: Pin 1 to Pin 8, Pin 2 to Pin 7, Pin 3 to Pin 6, Pin 4 to Pin 5, Pin 5 to Pin 4, Pin 6 to Pin 3, Pin 7 to Pin 2, Pin 8 to Pin 1.
This allows the transmit and receive pins to be crossed over, enabling the device and console to communicate.
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If an athlete can row at a rate of 50 m/min, how many days would it take to cross the Atlantic (≈3000 mi)?
Answers
The kinematics we can find the time to cross the Atlantic is 67 days.
The kinematics studies the movement of the body making relationships between the position, the speed and the acceleration of the same.
The average velocity is defined as the relation between the displacement between the time of the interval
v = \(\frac{\Delta x}{t}\)
Δt = \(\frac{\Delta x}{v}\)
Where v is the velocity, x the displacement t time
In this case they indicate the displacement is Δx = 3000 mi and the speed is v = 50 m / min
The system of units allow data to be exchanged with precision and safety, for this there is currently the international system of measurements (SI), where the unit of length is the meter and the unit of time is the second, let's reduce the magnitudes given to these units.
Δx = 3000 mi ( ) = 4.828 10⁶ m
v = 50 m / min ( ) = 0.833 m / s
Now we can calculate the time to cross the Atlantic
Δt = 4.828 10⁶ / 0.833
Δt = 5.796 10⁶ s
Let's reduce to days
Δt = 5.796 10⁶ s ( ) ( )
Δt = 67 days
In conclusion using kinematics we can find the result of the time to cross the Atlantic is 67 days.
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Select the correct text in the passage.
Identify which of the following sentences describes the working of a piezoelectric gauge.
Answers
Answer:
The gauge converts the charge into a measurable electrical signal.
Explanation:
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What shortcoming does a parity bit have when used as an error detection scheme for a sequence of ones and zeros
Answers
Answer:
It only detects errors if an odd number of bit flips have occurred.
Explanation:
Parity is a measure of how even or odd a string of digits (for example, a string of binary units is). It is obtained by calculating the value of all the bits. Parity is used in error detection. A parity error is detected when the parity and the odd number of bits are incorrectly propagated.
A problem commonly associated with the parity bits is that they can only detect an odd number of bit errors. This means that if a digit is corrupted in the even binary digits there would be an incorrect detection of errors.
the importance of reading a circuit diagram to interpret a wiring diagram?
Answers
Answer:
The ability to read electrical schematics is a really useful skill to have. To start developing your schematic reading abilities, it's important to memorize the most common schematic symbols. ... You should also be able to get a rough idea of how the circuit works, just by looking at the schematic.
Explanation:
Determine the mass density of an oil if 0.3 tonnes of the oil occupies a volume of 4m.
Answers
Answer:
Do you mean 4m^3 and 3.0 tones?
Explanation:
solution:
Mass = m = 3.0 tones
- 1 ton = 1,000 kg
= 3.0 × 1,000
= 3,000 kg
volume = v = 4m^3
Required:
Mass density of oil = p = ?
We know that;
\(p = \frac{mass}{volume} = \frac{m}{v} = \frac{3000}{4} = 750kg |m^{3} ans \)
The answer is:
750kg / m^3
given design loads and allowable stresses, an engineer designs the structure by specifying member dimensions. if a stress analysis calculates a diameter of 0.961 in for a bar, what standard bar size should be chosen?
Answers
To determine the standard bar size for the specified diameter, we need to compare the calculated diameter of 0.961 in with the standard sizes available in the market.
In the United States, standard bar sizes are typically specified in terms of eighths of an inch (1/8"). For example, a #4 bar corresponds to a diameter of 4/8" or 1/2". A #8 bar corresponds to a diameter of 8/8" or 1".
To find the closest standard bar size to 0.961 in, we can convert the decimal value to eighths of an inch by multiplying it by 8.
0.961 in * 8 = 7.688 eighths of an inch
The closest standard bar size to this value is a #8 bar, which has a diameter of 1 inch. Therefore, a #8 bar should be chosen for this design.
It's important to note that in some cases, it may be necessary to choose a custom size or to adjust the design to accommodate a standard bar size.
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The velocity of a fluid particle moving along a horizontal streamline that coincides with thexaxis in a plane, two-dimensional incompressible flow field was experimentally found to be described by the equation u=x^2. Along this streamline determine an expression for (a) the rate of change of thev-component of velocity with respect toy, (b) the acceleration of the particle, and (c) the pressure gradient in the x
direction. The fluid is Newtonian. Use μ
for viscosity and rho for density
Answers
The expression for the pressure gradient is given below: (image)
Pressure gradient denotes the alteration in atmospheric pressure over an indicated distance. Essentially, it measures how quickly the pressure changes regarding distance, figuring by dividing the variation of pressure by the range for which such alteration happens.
Regarding meteorology, the force and direction of winds closely associate to pressure gradient's influence. There exists a flow of air from high amounts of pressure towards low ones; thereby, a greater difference of pressure over a given distance results on far stronger winds causing effects.
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the architecture which is the basis for most modern computers is called:
Answers
The architecture that serves as the basis for most modern computers is called the Von Neumann architecture. It was proposed by mathematician and computer scientist John von Neumann in 1945 and has greatly influenced the design of computer systems ever since.
The Von Neumann architecture comprises four main components: the central processing unit (CPU), memory, input devices, and output devices. The CPU is responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing data. It contains the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing arithmetic and logical operations, and the control unit (CU) for coordinating the flow of instructions and data.
Memory in the Von Neumann architecture stores both program instructions and data. It is typically divided into primary memory (RAM) and secondary memory (hard drives, SSDs). The architecture follows the "stored-program" concept, where programs and data are stored in the same memory space, allowing flexibility in software execution.
Input devices, such as keyboards and mice, allow users to interact with the computer and provide data for processing. Output devices, like monitors and printers, display the results of processing to users.
The Von Neumann architecture's simplicity, general-purpose design, and ability to execute a wide range of programs have made it the foundation for modern computer systems. However, it also has limitations, such as the "Von Neumann bottleneck," which refers to the limited speed of transferring data between the CPU and memory. Despite these drawbacks, the architecture remains the basis for most computers today.
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QUESTION 6
Which of the following is NOT a resume format?
01. Chronological
O2. Portfolio
3. Functional
04. Combination
Answers
In the High Low Logic Index low levels are bearish and high levels are bullish, generally True False
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Logic index is selection of values based on the logical streams. The values appear on the logical array. The levels are determined on the market investment performance. If there are many buyers available in the market the index will be high and the market will be bullish. If there are few or no investors available the market index will be low which means the market is bearish.
Artificial intelligence involves the development of machines and computer systems that can simulate human intelligence processes.
1) True
2) False
Answers
The answer is true because there are many AI examples who use almost human like intelligence processes
Which of the following is NOT considered a test to evaluate whether an engineer is in responsible charge of a project?
a. The project size as determined by its dollar value.
b. The engineer's technical knowledge of the work performed.
c. The geographical and organizational span of control exercised.
d. The engineer's ability to answer questions concerning the project.
Answers
The answer is "Option a", and more explanation can be defined as follows:
The method compares a system or parts with needs and demands through testing. The results are assessed to measure design development, performance, endurance, etc.The phrase "responsible charge" as used in the Professional Engineers Law directly refers to how much control a professional engineer is obliged to exercise independent direction and control over-engineering and creative work, as well as to the making the correct decision that can only be taken by a professional engineer.The description of the correct choice:
The technique of the engineer's work was done.The controlling span was carried out and in geography & organization.The ability of an engineer to address technical questions.Therefore, except for "Option a", all were right because tests for responsible charges consist of technical knowledge, the scope of control, and capability.
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what is the difference between zinc and galvanized zinc
Answers
Answer:
Both zinc plating and galvanizing is an application of zinc plating. The big difference is thickness: zinc plating is normally 0.2 mils thick. Hot dip galvanizing might be 1.0 mil thick – you get over 5 times the protection with galvanizing. ... After 20 years outdoors a galvanized product will not show signs of rust.
Explanation:
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the principal values of a stress tensor t are t1 ¼ 10 mpa; t2 ¼ 10 mpa, and t3 ¼ 30 mpa. if the matrix of the stress is given by ½t ¼ t11 0 0 012 0 2 t33 2 4 3 5 10 mpa; find the values of t11 and t33.
Answers
The physical state or characteristics of a material can be described using a tensor, which is a multidimensional array of numerical values. Stress is an easy illustration of a tensor that is pertinent to geophysics. Stress is defined as force per unit area, much way pressure is.
Because it depicts events occurring in two directions at once, stress is a tensor1. An interface with constant y can be pushed along by an x-directed force; this is represented by the symbol xy. The stress tensor is the collection of all such combinations, ij, if we put them all together. The force per unit surface exerted at a surface element perpendicular to the direction j constitutes the i-component of the stress tensor, which is represented by the matrix ij(x,t).
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