To determine experimentally if a reaction is exothermic, a student should use a calorimeter. A calorimeter is a device used to measure the heat exchange during a chemical reaction, enabling the student to identify if the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. In an exothermic reaction, heat is released, causing the temperature of the surroundings to increase.
To perform the experiment, follow these steps:
1. Choose the appropriate chemical reaction to test.
2. Prepare the calorimeter by placing a known amount of water in the calorimeter's inner container.
3. Measure and record the initial temperature of the water.
4. Add the reactants (in their appropriate amounts) to the water, and quickly seal the calorimeter to minimize heat loss to the surroundings.
5. Stir the mixture gently to ensure proper mixing and heat distribution.
6. Monitor the temperature change of the water over time, recording the highest temperature reached.
7. Calculate the amount of heat released or absorbed by the reaction using the formula: q = mcΔT, where q is heat, m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
8. If the heat calculated is positive and the temperature increased, the reaction is exothermic; if negative and the temperature decreased, the reaction is endothermic.
In conclusion, a student should use a calorimeter to experimentally determine if a reaction is exothermic, as it allows for the accurate measurement of heat exchange and can indicate whether heat is released or absorbed during the reaction.
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which formula represents lead (ll) chromate?
Answer:
PbCr
Explanation:
What volume of oxygen (02) gas is equal to 49.5 g 02 gas at STP?
Answer:
The volume of two moles of oxygen at STP is
Assuming that the gas is at standard temperature and pressure (STP), one mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L . This means the number of moles of O2 is 222.4=0.089 mol .
Explanation:
Which best demonstrates an example of the common ion effect?
duction
A The compound CuCl is 500 times less soluble in sea water than it is in
pure water.
ту
B Ammonia is produced commercially when an increase in pressure
shifts the equilibrium toward the product.
ompounds
C A lighted splint goes out in air but bursts into flame when plunged into
pure oxygen.
D The decomposition of carbonic acid in water occurs spontaneously
whereas the combination of carbon dioxide and water does not.
Answer: A. The compound CuCl is 500 times less soluble in sea water than it is in pure water.
pure water.
Explanation:
Any change in the equilibrium is studied on the basis of Le-Chatelier's principle.
This principle states that if there is any change in a equilibrium reaction, the equilibrium will shift in a direction so as to minimize the effect.
Thus when a common ion is introduced to an equilibrium reaction, the equilibrium will shift in a direction where the concentration of common ion is decreasing.
\(CuCl\rightleftharpoons Cu^++Cl^-\)
\(NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^-\)
When common ion such as \(Cl^-\) from NaCl in sea water is introduced to an equilibrium reaction, the equilibrium will shift in a direction where the concentration of common ion is decreasing i.e. in the left side and thus solubility of CuCl further decreases.
For biomass, solar, coal, natural gas, oil, and geothermal energy, identify each energy resource as renewable or non-renewable.
Answer:
There are nine major kinds of natural resources found on the planet Earth, and all these nine major resources come under two categories, that is, renewable and nonrenewable. The renewable resources refer to the resources that get regenerated again and again over a short time duration. These include five major resources, that is, wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, and biomass.
On the other hand, nonrenewable energy resources are the ones that are present in a very limited amount, as it takes a very long time to regenerate again. The general kinds of nonrenewable energy resources are nuclear, coal, oil, and natural gas.
Hence, biomass, solar, and geothermal energy comes under the renewable resources category, and coal, natural gas, and oil come under renewable resources category.
Answer: the verified answer from an expert.
Explanation:
when enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product this control is called A. negative feedback. B. competitive inhibition. C. enzyme induction. D. enzyme repression.
The control mechanism you're referring to, where enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product, is called A. negative feedback.
Negative feedback occurs when the accumulation of an end product inhibits the initial enzyme responsible for its production. This process helps maintain the optimal levels of substances within the cell and prevents overproduction. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1. An enzyme catalyzes a reaction, leading to the formation of a product.
2. As the product accumulates, it reaches an optimal level within the cell.
3. When the optimal level is reached, the end product binds to the enzyme or its regulatory site, decreasing the enzyme's activity.
4. As a result, the production of the end product slows down, maintaining a balance within the cell.
This process ensures that resources and energy are not wasted in producing excess product and helps maintain homeostasis within the cell.
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calculate the number of moles in positive and negative ions in 1.75 moles of calcium fluoride quizlet
CaF₂ ⇒ Ca²⁺ + 2F⁻
1.75 1.75 3.5
the compound with the formula, chcl3 was used as an anesthetic in earlier times, but has been found to have some serious side effects. the compound is called
The compound with the formula CHCl3, also known as chloroform, was used as an anesthetic in earlier times but has been found to have serious side effects such as liver damage and respiratory issues.The compound with the chemical formula CHCl3 is called chloroform. Chloroform was indeed used as an anesthetic in the past due to its sedative properties. However, it has been largely phased out for medical use due to its potential serious side effects. Chloroform is known to be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic, meaning it can cause damage to the liver and kidneys. It can also cause respiratory depression and may have carcinogenic properties. As a result, its use as an anesthetic has declined, and it is now primarily used as a solvent in some industrial and laboratory applications.
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A metal sample with a mass of 63.2 g. and at a temperature of 100.0°C was placed in 41.0 g. of water in a calorimeter
at 24.5°C. At equilibrium the temperature of the water and metal was 35.0°C.
A. What was ∆t for the water? (∆t = tfinal – tinitial)
B. What was ∆t for the metal?
C. Taking (S.H.H2O) to be 4.18J/g°C, calculate S.H.metal, using equation 3.
D. What is the approximate atomic mass of the metal? (Use equation 4.)
A solution of 1720.488 T at 15.0% is 101.19 per month. 3.0 mot. 1.6 T above 24.5 °C. The metal and water were both at a 35.0 °C equilibrium temperature.
Does 37°F feel warm or freezing to you?Although it varies by age, activity level, time of day, and the method of measurement, a typical temperature is between 36 and 37 degrees Celsius. Viral respiratory infections, such as colds and the flu, as well as COVID-19, can raise the body temperature.
4 temps, what are they?The Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine scales are those mentioned. Of them, the German-Dutch physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit's Fahrenheit Scale is the oldest (1686-1736).
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What happens when a chemical hand warmer is unwrapped and starts to work?
A. A physical change absorbs thermal energy.
B. A chemical reaction absorbs thermal energy.
C. A physical change releases thermal energy.
D. A chemical reaction releases thermal energy.
Answer: D. A chemical reaction releases thermal energy.
Explanation:
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The types of emission that mostly occur when an isotope undergoes radioactive decay include.
The types of emissions that mostly occur when an isotope undergoes radioactive decay include alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays.
The types of emissions that can occur when an isotope undergoes radioactive decay are alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Alpha particles are made up of two protons and two neutrons and are positively charged. Beta particles are either electrons or positrons, and they are negatively or positively charged, respectively. Gamma radiation is a high-energy electromagnetic radiation that has no charge.
During alpha decay, the nucleus of an atom emits an alpha particle. This changes the atomic number of the element, but not its mass number. Beta decay occurs when a neutron in the nucleus of an atom transforms into a proton and an electron or positron is emitted. This can change the atomic number of the element, but not its mass number. Gamma decay occurs when the nucleus of an atom releases energy in the form of gamma radiation. This does not change the atomic number or mass number of the element.
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Give the full electron configuration for nitrogen.
Answer:
1s2 2s2 2p3
Explanation:
Sodium chloride can be made by reacting sodium metal with chlorine gas. Which
statements correctly describe sodium chloride? Select all that apply.
Sodium chloride is composed of two elements.
Sodium chloride is a compound.
Sodium chloride is a substance.
Sodium chloride is an element.
the acidity of a solution reflects the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution. T/F?
True. the acidity of a solution reflects the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution.
The acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration of free hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. When an acid dissolves in water, it releases H+ ions, which are responsible for the acidic properties of the solution.
The higher the concentration of H+ ions, the more acidic the solution is. Acidity is commonly measured using the pH scale, which quantifies the concentration of H+ ions in a logarithmic manner.
A lower pH value indicates a higher concentration of H+ ions and a stronger acidity, while a higher pH value corresponds to a lower concentration of H+ ions and a more alkaline (basic) solution.
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write the ion-product expression for barium phosphate.
The ion-product expression for barium phosphate (Ba₃(PO₄)₂) is Ksp = [Ba₂⁺]³ [PO₄³⁻]².
The ion-product expression, also known as the solubility product constant, represents the equilibrium condition for the dissolution or precipitation of an ionic compound in a solution. For barium phosphate (Ba³(PO₄)²), the ion-product expression can be written as follows:
Ksp = [Ba₂⁺]³ [PO₄³⁻]²
In this expression, [Ba₂⁺] represents the concentration of barium ions [Ba₂⁺] in the solution, and [PO₄³⁻] represents the concentration of phosphate ions [PO₄³⁻] in the solution.
The exponent of 3 for [Ba₂⁺] signifies that three barium ions are involved in the formation of one unit of barium phosphate. Similarly, the exponent of 2 for [PO₄³⁻] indicates that two phosphate ions are required for the formation of one unit of barium phosphate.
The value of the solubility product constant (Ksp) represents the equilibrium constant for the dissolution or precipitation of barium phosphate. It indicates the product of the ion concentrations at equilibrium and remains constant at a given temperature.
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1. Which of the following species determines the chemical properties of an atom?
A. Electron
B. Neutron
C. Nucleus
D. Proton
2. The following glasswares are used to measure the volume of liquids except
A. graduated beaker
B. pipette
C. test tube
D. burette
3. Pauli exclusion principle is related to
A. quantity of electrons in the valence shell
B. filling the orbitals with lower energy first
C. the filling of degenerated orbitals
D. quantum numbers of electrons
Explanation:
The number of electrons, in turn, determines the chemical properties of the atom. Protons contribute to the mass of an atom and provide the positive charge to the nucleus. The number of protons also determines the identity of the element
Answer:
Question 1: (A)
The number of electrons determine the chemical properties of an atom.
Question 2: (C)
Test tube cannot measure the volume of liquids rather they are used in chemical reactions
Question 3: (D)
Pauli's Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in the same atom can have identical values for all four of their quantum numbers.
How much heat energy in joules is needed to raise the temperature of 500.0 g of water from 10.0°C to 63.5°C
Answer:
27692.5J
Explanation:
10. a and b both are non-prime attribute. a determines b. a) not a 1 nf b) it can be a 1 nf, but not a 2 nf c) it can be a 2 nf, but not a 3 nf d) it can be a 3 nf, but not a bcnf
Based on the given information that attribute A determines attribute B, the correct option is (d) It can be in 3NF but not in BCNF.
To determine the normal form of a relation, we need to assess its functional dependencies. In this case, since attribute A determines attribute B, we have a functional dependency A -> B.
Not 1NF: This option is incorrect because A determining B does not violate the requirements of being in the first normal form (1NF). 1NF ensures atomicity of attributes and eliminates repeating groups.
It can be 1NF, but not 2NF: This option is incorrect because if A determines B, it satisfies the requirements of 2NF. 2NF mandates that non-prime attributes depend fully on the candidate keys, which is the case here. It can be 2NF, but not 3NF: This option is incorrect because if A determines B, it satisfies the requirements of 3NF. 3NF ensures that there are no transitive dependencies where non-prime attributes depend on other non-prime attributes.
It can be 3NF, but not BCNF: This option is correct. Although A determining B satisfies the conditions for being in 3NF, it may not meet the requirements for Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF). BCNF requires that every determinant of a functional dependency is a candidate key, which may not be the case here.
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Help me please asap
Thanks, I’ll give brainliest
The forces acting on the object are the pulling force, F and the frictional force exerted by the surface on the object.
Given that the object is pulled by a force that is acting in a direction parallel to the horizontal surface. The object is not showing any movement due to the force, that means the object is at rest.
The net force acting on an object is defined as the sum of the total forces acting on it.
Even after being pulled by the force, the object is not moving because, there is an equal and opposite force acting on the object which, tends the object to remain in rest or equilibrium.
Therefore, the net force on the object is zero. All the forces are balanced.
So, the opposite force, acting on the object will be the frictional force exerted by the surface, which is in contact with the object.
The frictional force is the resistive force that prevents the relative motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other.
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discuss the process of water cycle stage by stage
A 6g sample of carbon allowed to burn in 20g of oxygen gas produce carbon dioxide. After the reaction, the mass of unreacted oxygen is 4 g. What mass of carbon dioxide was produced? show with steps
Answer:
Approximately \(22\;\rm g\).
Explanation:
Look up the relative atomic mass data of carbon and oxygen on a modern periodic table:
\(\rm C\): \(12.011\).\(\rm O\): \(15.999\).Calculate the formula mass of \(\rm O_2\) and \(\rm CO_2\):
\(M(\rm O_2) = 2 \times 15.999 = 31.998\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}\).
\(M(\rm CO_2) = 12.011 + 2 \times 15.999 = 44.009 \; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}\).
The question suggests that \(20\; \rm g - 4\; \rm g = 16\; \rm g\) of \(\rm O_2\) took part in this reaction. Calculate the number of moles of molecules in that \(16\; \rm g\) of \(\rm O_2\,\):
\(\displaystyle n(\mathrm{O_2}) = \frac{m(\mathrm{O_2})}{M(\mathrm{O_2})} = \frac{16\; \rm g}{31.998\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}} \approx 0.500\; \rm mol\).
Since \(\rm O_2\) is in excess, it would react with \(\rm C\) at a one-to-one ratio to produce \(\rm CO_2\):
\(\rm C + O_2 \to CO_2\).
Notice the ratio between the coefficient of \(\rm O_2\!\) and \(\rm CO_2\): \(\displaystyle\frac{n(\mathrm{CO_2})}{n(\mathrm{O_2})} = \frac{1}{1}\). For each mole of \(\rm O_2\) that is consumed, one mole of \(\rm CO_2\!\) will be produced.
The question implies that \(16\; \rm g\), which is approximately \(0.500\; \rm mol\), of \(\rm O_2\) was consumed in this reaction. Accordingly, \(0.500\; \rm mol\!\) of \(\rm CO_2\) will be produced.
Calculate the mass of that \(0.500\; \rm mol\!\) of \(\rm CO_2\):
\(m(\mathrm{CO_2}) = n(\mathrm{CO_2})\cdot M(\mathrm{CO_2}) \approx 22\; \rm g\).
Suppose that you want to find the molarity of a solution that contains 15.0 g of KCl in 150.0 mL of solution. (The molar mass of KCl is 74.45 g/mol.) Calculate the number of moles of KCl: A: B: C:
To calculate the amount of KCl in the given solution, we utilize the formula relating moles, concentration, and volume. Consequently, we determine that the solution contains approximately 1.34 moles of KCl per liter
The number of moles of KCl in the given solution can be calculated using the formula: moles = mass / molar mass. Given that the mass of KCl is 15.0 g and the molar mass of KCl is 74.45 g/mol, we can calculate the moles as follows: moles = 15.0 g / 74.45 g/mol, resulting in approximately 0.2012 moles of KCl. Therefore, the solution contains approximately 0.2012 moles of KCl.
To determine the molarity of a solution, we need to consider the number of moles of solute in relation to the volume of the solution. In this case, since the volume is given as 150.0 mL, we convert it to liters by dividing by 1000: 150.0 mL / 1000 mL/L = 0.1500 liters.
Using the formula Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (in liters), we can calculate the molarity of the solution: Molarity (M) = 0.2012 moles / 0.1500 L = approximately 1.3413 M (rounded to four decimal places). Therefore, the molarity of the solution is approximately 1.3413 M.
Molarity = 0.2012 mol / 0.1500 L
Molarity = 1.34 M (rounded to two decimal places)
Hence, the molarity of the KCl solution is approximately 1.34 M. This means that there are 1.34 moles of KCl present per liter of solution.
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As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity __________. This is mostly because a smaller atomic radius represents a ________ hold on the valence ________.
As atomic radius decreases, electronegativity increases. This is mostly because a smaller atomic radius represents a stronger hold on the valence electrons.
(02.03 MC)
The following orbital notation is for which element?
11
1s
OB
ΟΝ
OF
00
14
2s
2p
The element is fluorine
What is the orbital configuration?The orbital configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in an atom or molecule's orbitals, which are regions of space where electrons are most likely to be found.
Electrons occupy different orbitals depending on their energy level, which is determined by the distance from the nucleus of the atom. The lowest energy level is called the ground state, and it contains the most stable electron configuration.
The electronic configuration of an atom or molecule is usually written using a notation that indicates the energy level and the number of electrons in each orbital. For example, the electronic configuration of carbon, which has six electrons, is 1s2 2s2 2p2, where the numbers and letters refer to the energy level and orbital type, respectively.
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Answer: F (fluorine)
What is the pOH of water?
Answer:
A. 7
(assuming the water is neutral)
What is the best common way to convert fossil fuels into energy?
a. oxidation
b. reaction
c. combustion
d. neutralization
PLEASE HELP EVERYONE KEEPS PUTTING LINKS STOP I'M NOT GONNA DOWNLOAD THAT
Answer:
they are? I think you should comment "STOP" to them
The Bohr model of the atom represented electrons located around the nucleus in rings of energy, 1-7. If an electron went from n = 2 to n = 3 level and then falls from n = 3 to n = 2 energy is given off as light. What do we call the electron's energy state after the fall?
Answer:
Ground State
Explanation:
When an electron Jumps from a lower Energy level to a higher one, it is known to be in Excited state, and when it drops from an energy level of a higher state to a lower state, it is said to be at ground state
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Calculate the [H+], pOH, and [OH-] for the following solutions: SHOW WORK And put Answers for concentration[ ] in scientific notation. ( see video for help)
pH 2.90 (the approximate pH of lemon juice
pH 3.86 (the approximate pH of sauerkraut)
pH 10.81 (the approximate pH of milk of magnesia)
pH 4.11 (the approximate pH of orange juice)
pH 11.61 (the approximate pH of household ammonia)
The pH of human blood ranges from 7.35 to 7.45 with it usually being around 7.40. If the blood pH gets below 7.35 a person goes into acidosis. If the pH gets above 7.45 a person goes into alkalosis. Both acidosis and alkalosis can be fatal. How much more acidic is a person’s blood if it has a pH of 7.3 compared to its preferred 7.4? How much more alkaline is a person’s blood if it has a pH of 7.6 rather than its preferred 7.4?
Answer:
Explanation:
pH = -log{H+]
{H+} = 10^(-pH)
pOH = 14 - pH
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH)
pH 2.90 (the approximate pH of lemon juice
{H+} = 10^(-2.9)
pOH = 14 - 2.9 = 11.1
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-11.1)
pH 3.86 (the approximate pH of sauerkraut)
{H+} = 10^(-3.86)
pOH = 14 - 3.86 = 10.14
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-10.14)
pH 10.81 (the approximate pH of milk of magnesia)
{H+} = 10^(-10.81)
pOH = 14 - 10.81 = 3.19
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-3.19)
pH 4.11 (the approximate pH of orange juice)
{H+} = 10^(-4.11)
pOH = 14 - 4.11 = 9.89
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-9.89)
pH 11.61 (the approximate pH of household ammonia)
{H+} = 10^(-11.61)
pOH = 14 - 11.61 = 2.39
{OH-} = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-2.39)
how many moles of barium nitrate contain 6.80x10 to the 24th formula units?
3.51023 at. I moles. 6.80 x 1024 fux. 1 www. Count the atoms in the system.
What point should I be worried about a mole?Dermatologists advise monthly skin checks for their patients. often benign moles Consult a dermatologist to have your mole examined if you detect changes in its color or appearance. Moles should also be examined if they bleed, leak, itch, look scaly, change in size, or become uncomfortable or painful.
What shape does the malignant mole have?It's possible for the pigment to penetrate the nearby skin. unbalanced color: There could be various tones of tan, brown, and black. Areas of red, pink, blue, gray, or white may also appear.
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GIVING BRAINLEST TO WHOEVER HELPS ME AND GETS THE RIGHT ANSWER.
What is the energy source that powers plate movements ?
A. Magma and lava
B. Earth’s magnetic field
C. The sun
D. Earths not interior