What are the four gymnosperms phyla? give examples for each phyla.

The term "epigenetics" is Gene expression alterations that are reversible are transferred from cell to cell

Epigenetics is the study of how particular genes or proteins linked with particular genes are altered chemically in an organism. How genes are expressed and utilised by cells can be defined by epigenetic changes. Epigenetics is the study of how environmental factors and behavior may alter how your genes function. While epigenetic alterations are reversible and do not alter your DNA sequence like genetic changes do, they can alter how your body interprets a DNA sequence. The frequency or timing of protein synthesis from your genes' instructions is referred to as gene expression.

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The term "rock cycle" refers to the process by which molten magma cools and transforms into an igneous rock.

At or near the earth's surface, weathering (the process of breaking down rock) and erosion (the process of transferring rock material) reduce rocks to ever-tinier fragments. These more minute rock fragments, such as sand, silt, or mud, can be deposited as sediments, which then harden or lithify to form sedimentary rocks.

Weathering can be classified as biological, chemical, or mechanical. Chemical weathering is the process by which rain gradually eats away at rocks because rain is actually somewhat acidic. Animals and plants can also degrade rocks.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Fertilization occurs when the nucleus of both a sperm and an egg fuse to form a diploid cell, known as zygote. The successful fusion of gametes forms a new organism.

The haploid number of the organism is 4Explanation:The haploid number (n) is the number of chromosomes present in a gamete or a single set of chromosomes in a diploid organism.

In this case, the organism is sexually reproducing with four pairs of chromosomes. Each pair contains one homologous chromosome from each parent, so the organism's diploid number is 2n = 8.

The haploid number (n) of this organism is 4.2.2.

The image below shows a cell at metaphase of mitosis: On the left, the cis configuration of D and E genes is depicted on the same arm of the metacentric chromosome.

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Answer:

The third one

Explanation:

Tornadoes can form at any time of year, but most occur in the spring and summer months along with thunderstorms.

Answer:

pretty sure it reflects the light back

Explanation:

The specific location within an enzyme molecule where the substrate binds is called the active site.

The active site is a region that possesses a unique three-dimensional structure, often formed by amino acids, which allows for specific interactions with the substrate. This binding site facilitates the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex, where the substrate undergoes a chemical reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. The active site's precise shape, charges, and functional groups are tailored to accommodate and interact with the specific substrate molecule, enabling efficient catalysis and the conversion of substrate molecules into products.

The active site's specificity and affinity for the substrate are vital for enzyme functionality and enzymatic reactions in various biological processes.

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A pathogens(C) is an agent that causes disease. All viruses(C)  are pathogens.

For Part 1, the correct answer is C. Pathogen. A pathogen is an agent that causes disease. All pathogens are infectious agents, but not all infectious agents are pathogens. For example, the common cold is caused by a virus, but the virus is not considered a pathogen because it does not usually cause serious illness.

For Part 2, the correct answer is C. Viruses. Viruses are the smallest and simplest pathogens. They are not cells, and they cannot reproduce on their own. They must infect a host cell in order to replicate.

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Complete question:

Select the correct answer. A __ is an agent that causes disease. All ___ are pathogens.

Part 1

A. Bacteria

B. Germ

C. Pathogen

Part 2

A. Bacteria

B. Fungi

C. Viruses

The criticism is focused on relationship between women and men.

Feminist criticism focuses on how women and relationships between women and men have been portrayed in literature, highlighting the ways in which women have been marginalized and denied a voice in much of canonical literature as well as the ways in which literature reflects society's prevailing ideological presumptions about gender and power.

Reading like a literary critic is the most essential prerequisite for literary criticism. You must read carefully to ensure that you comprehend the subject and the material, as well as to spot any literary devices and try to decipher the author's intentions and motivations behind each line. Despite the fact that taking notes while you read is a challenging habit to develop, it is beneficial.

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Water soluble molecules are unable to cross the plasma membrane of cells due to the hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the membrane. The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipids repel water soluble molecules, preventing them from passing through the membrane. Additionally, the membrane contains integral proteins that act as selective channels or pumps, allowing only specific molecules to pass through.

These proteins have specific binding sites that recognize certain molecules and transport them across the membrane. Water-soluble molecules do not have the correct structure to bind with these proteins, which limits their ability to enter the cell.

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Explanation:

The tropical rainforest is made up of a dense network of trees, shrubs and vegetation.

This zone on earth is the most biodiverse on the earth surface. It receives the highest insolation of all places on earth and so radiant energy here is very high.

Tundra and deserts have low precipitation and the conditions are very harsh.

Advertising uses classical conditioning to help sell products by associating a neutral stimulus (the product) with a positive unconditioned response, creating a desired conditioned response in consumers.

Classical conditioning is a psychological concept that involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a specific response. In the context of advertising, the neutral stimulus is the product being promoted. Through repeated exposure, the product is paired with positive and appealing unconditioned stimuli, such as attractive models, luxurious settings, or desirable outcomes. This pairing aims to create a positive emotional response in consumers, which becomes associated with the product itself.

For example, consider a television commercial for a soft drink. The commercial repeatedly shows happy and energetic people enjoying the drink at a beach party. By associating the product (neutral stimulus) with the positive emotions and experiences of the beach party (unconditioned stimulus), the advertisers aim to create a conditioned response in viewers. As a result, when consumers encounter the product in a store or see its logo, they may experience positive emotions and a desire to purchase the drink.

Advertising often relies on classical conditioning techniques to influence consumer behavior. By strategically pairing products with positive stimuli, advertisers aim to create favorable associations and increase the likelihood of purchase. These associations can be established through various means, such as appealing visuals, catchy jingles, or celebrity endorsements. Understanding the principles of classical conditioning allows advertisers to shape consumer attitudes and preferences, ultimately driving sales and brand loyalty.

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The statement that is most likely true of the cuticle in plant species lacking pores is that it is impermeable to water and gases.

The cuticle is a waxy, waterproof layer on the surface of plants, including leaves, stems, and fruits. The cuticle serves as a barrier, protecting plants from water loss, disease, and injury, as well as UV radiation and insect attack.Plant species lacking poresMost plants have stomata, tiny openings in the leaves that allow for gas exchange with the environment. However, some plants, such as the water lily, lack stomata and rely solely on diffusion through the cuticle for gas exchange.

As a result, the cuticle of these plants must be highly impermeable to prevent water loss and maintain the proper balance of gases within the plant tissues. Thus, the statement that is most likely true of the cuticle in plant species lacking pores is that it is impermeable to water and gases.

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Answer:

Explanation:

An ecosystem (or ecological system) consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact.[2]: 458  These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy enters the system through photosynthesis and is incorporated into plant tissue. By feeding on plants and on one another, animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and microbes.

Ecosystems are controlled by external and internal factors. External factors such as climate, parent material which forms the soil and topography, control the overall structure of an ecosystem but are not themselves influenced by the ecosystem. Internal factors are controlled, for example, by decomposition, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession, and the types of species present. While the resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes, the availability of these resources within the ecosystem is controlled by internal factors. Therefore, internal factors not only control ecosystem processes but are also controlled by them.

Ecosystems are dynamic entities—they are subject to periodic disturbances and are always in the process of recovering from some past disturbance. The tendency of an ecosystem to remain close to its equilibrium state, despite that disturbance, is termed its resistance. The capacity of a system to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks is termed its ecological resilience. Ecosystems can be studied through a variety of approaches—theoretical studies, studies monitoring specific ecosystems over long periods of time, those that look at differences between ecosystems to elucidate how they work and direct manipulative experimentation. Biomes are general classes or categories of ecosystems. However, there is no clear distinction between biomes and ecosystems. Ecosystem classifications are specific kinds of ecological classifications that consider all four elements of the definition of ecosystems: a biotic component, an abiotic complex, the interactions between and within them, and the physical space they occupy.

Ecosystems provide a variety of goods and services upon which people depend. Ecosystem goods include the "tangible, material products" of ecosystem processes such as water, food, fuel, construction material, and medicinal plants. Ecosystem services, on the other hand, are generally "improvements in the condition or location of things of value". These include things like the maintenance of hydrological cycles, cleaning air and water, the maintenance of oxygen in the atmosphere, crop pollination and even things like beauty, inspiration and opportunities for research. Many ecosystems become degraded through human impacts, such as soil loss, air and water pollution, habitat fragmentation, water diversion, fire suppression, and introduced species and invasive species. These threats can lead to abrupt transformation of the ecosystem or to gradual disruption of biotic processes and degradation of abiotic conditions of the ecosystem. Once the original ecosystem has lost its defining features, it is considered "collapsed". Ecosystem restoration is thought to contribute to all 17 Sustainable Development Goals.

A pyramid of energy for a grassland community may differ between summer and winter because to the higher amount of solar radiation in summer to produce more food chemical energy through all different levels of the energy pyramid chain.

An energy pyramid chain is a diagram that shows how energy passes through different trophic levels in an ecosystem, which depends on the amount of biomass generated by producer organisms (e.g., plants) that need solar radiation to produce biomass through a process called photosynthesis.

In conclusion, a pyramid of energy for a grassland community may differ between summer and winter because to the higher amount of solar radiation in summer, which leads to the generation of more food chemical energy to be passed through different levels of the energy pyramid chain.

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Answer:

ocean currents

Explanation:

the ocean stores solar radiation and distributes heat

Answer:

2. Background research

3.Create a hypothesis

4.Experiment to test the hypothesis

5.Analyse the data from the experiemnt

Explanation:

2. Learn about the topic and research on what you need for the experiment.

3.Form a hypothesis in which you want to be tested.

4. Do an experiment in which it tests your hypothesis.

5. Analyst the data from the experiment and draw conclusions and decide whether it tests your theory.

. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ..

Hope this helps

ater pollutants can be classified as organic pollutants, inorganic pollutants, pathogens, suspended solids, nutrients and agriculture pollutants, thermal, radioactive, and other pollutants.

Answer:

1- Heat -- B. Physical agent

2- Parasitic worm -- F. Pathogen

3- Animal feces -- D. Organic matter

4- Household cleaners (drain-O and bleach) -- E. Organic chemical

5- Light fluid -- D. Organic matter

6- Arsenic -- C. Heavy metal

Answer:

Option B) larger , but specialized

Eukaryotic cells have a specific nucleus and has organelles for energy producing(mithocondria) has lysosomes and other organelles. It is larger because it has specialized organelles to carry out various specific functions which requires more surface area.

Answer:

Genetic Modification

Answer:

Effects of Ecstasy on the nervous system:

- stimulant

- psychedelic

- neurotoxic

- abnormal neurotransmitter function  

- injured cognitive functions (e.g., sleep and pain control)

Explanation:

Ecstasy, also known as MDMA (3,4Methylenedioxymethamphetamine), is a stimulant and psychedelic drug that may exhibit neurotoxic effects. This amphetamine analog (i.e, drug based upon the amphetamine structure) has several effects on the nervous system which are caused by the increase in the activity of three major neurotransmitters: serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. It has been shown that Ecstasy alters the central nervous system, producing neurotoxic effects and affecting brain functions including, among others, cognitive functioning and development, neuroendocrine release mechanisms, sleep control, pain control, etc.

Answer:

the first on is independant and the secound one is dependant

Explanation:

i took the test

Answer:

The color of the light changes in the scenario because a volcano erupts. The light is the

✔ independent

variable.

When the color of the light changes, the number of light red walking beans will also change. The population of light red walking beans is therefore the

✔ dependent

variable.

Explanation:

correct on edge

Cities A and B are located at the same latitude. The temperature of City B is moderated by the large body of water while the temperature at City A is not. The difference in the temperatures of Cities A and B is due to the moderating effects of the large body of water near City B. A cities near a large body of water have moderate temperatures that don't fluctuate as much as cities further inland. The amount of rainfall in an area does not affect the moderating effect of a large body of water on the temperature.

The moderating effect of water is well known. Water can absorb and store a significant amount of heat energy, which allows it to absorb heat during the day and release it at night. As a result, cities near a large body of water are known to have moderate temperatures that don't fluctuate as much as cities further inland. The amount of rainfall in an area does not affect the moderating effect of a large body of water on the temperature. However, the amount of rainfall can affect the temperature in other ways.In Cities A and B are located at the same latitude. The temperature of City B is moderated by the large body of water, while the temperature at City A is not. This is because water can absorb and store a significant amount of heat energy, allowing it to absorb heat during the day and release it at night. As a result, cities near a large body of water have moderate temperatures that don't fluctuate as much as cities further inland. The amount of rainfall in an area does not affect the moderating effect of a large body of water on the temperature.

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A high concentration of bicoid protein at the opposite ends of a developing Drosophila embryo would result in the development of a Two headed fly.

In Drosophila, anterior development is entirely dependent on bicoids (Bcd). Consequently, in the absence of maternally deposited BCD, the head and thoracic regions are replaced by posterior structures. The bcd is located at the front of the egg by the 3'UTR. If her Bicoid protein is expressed in

Drosophila, the embryo is still in a syncytial state (intercellular division is not fully developed). Embryos lacking maternally expressed bicoids do not develop the anterior region, including the head and thorax.

Bicoid mRNA is actively localized along microtubules to the front of the Drosophila egg by the motor protein dynein during oogenesis, where it is anchored by association with cortical actin.

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Answer:

1. adrenaline

2. cortisol

3. aldosterone

4. epinephrine

The title you would give to the general ledger liability account to which the amount withheld from the employees' earnings would be credited is "Employee Payroll Deductions Payable."

This account is used to track the amount of money withheld from employees' earnings for various purposes such as income tax, Social Security, Medicare, and other deductions. By crediting this liability account, the company recognizes its obligation to remit the withheld amounts to the appropriate entities or agencies.

This account reflects the liability the company owes to its employees until the withheld amounts are paid to the respective authorities as required by law or company policy.

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Answer:

All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. When viewed together, these eight characteristics serve to define life.

Explanation:

Sensitivity or Response to Stimuli

Organisms can respond to diverse stimuli. For example, plants can grow toward a source of light, climb on fences and walls, or respond to touch. Even tiny bacteria can move toward or away from chemicals (a process called chemotaxis) or light (phototaxis). Movement toward a stimulus is considered a positive response, while movement away from a stimulus is considered a negative response.

Reproduction

Single-celled organisms reproduce by first duplicating their DNA. They then divide it equally as the cell prepares to divide to form two new cells. Multicellular organisms often produce specialized reproductive germline cells that will form new individuals. When reproduction occurs, genes containing DNA are passed along to an organism’s offspring. These genes ensure that the offspring will belong to the same species and will have similar characteristics, such as size and shape.

Growth and Development

All organisms grow and develop following specific instructions coded for by their genes. These genes provide instructions that will direct cellular growth and development, ensuring that a species’ young will grow up to exhibit many of the same characteristics as its parents.

Regulation

Even the smallest organisms are complex and require multiple regulatory mechanisms to coordinate internal functions, respond to stimuli, and cope with environmental stresses. Two examples of internal functions regulated in an organism are nutrient transport and blood flow. Organs (groups of tissues working together) perform specific functions, such as carrying oxygen throughout the body, removing wastes, delivering nutrients to every cell, and cooling the body.

Homeostasis

In order to function properly, cells need to have appropriate conditions such as proper temperature, pH, and appropriate concentration of diverse chemicals. These conditions may, however, change from one moment to the next. Organisms are able to maintain internal conditions within a narrow range almost constantly, despite environmental changes, through homeostasis (literally, “steady state”)—the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions. For example, an organism needs to regulate body temperature through a process known as thermoregulation. Organisms that live in cold climates, such as the polar bear, have body structures that help them withstand low temperatures and conserve body heat. Structures that aid in this type of insulation include fur, feathers, blubber, and fat. In hot climates, organisms have methods (such as perspiration in humans or panting in dogs) that help them to shed excess body heat.

Energy Processing

All organisms use a source of energy for their metabolic activities. Some organisms capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy in food; others use chemical energy in molecules they take in as food.

Evolution

As a population of organisms interacts with the environment, individuals with traits that contribute to reproduction and survival in that particular environment will leave more offspring. Over time those advantageous traits (called adaptations ) will become more common in the population. This process, change over time, is called evolution, and it is one of the processes that explain the diverse species seen in biology. Adaptations help organisms survive in their ecological niches, and adaptive traits may be structural, behavioral, or physiological; as such, adaptations frequently involve other properties of organisms such as homeostasis, reproduction, and growth and development.