Answer:
Chromatography is the method of seperating of colour/pigments from a solution.
Explanation:
It is based on a principle that, "speed of different sized particles in a same medium is different."
Chromatography are of many types like paper chromatography, Adsorption chromatography, Gas liquid portion chromatography.
which is the graph of the function g(x) = f(-x)
To graph the function g(x) = f(-x), you can start with the graph of f(x) and then reflect it about the y-axis.
What is a graph of the function g(x) = f(-x)?To find the graph of the function g(x) = f(-x), we can start with the graph of the function f(x) and then reflect it about the y-axis.
If the graph of f(x) is symmetric with respect to the y-axis, meaning it is unchanged when reflected, then g(x) = f(-x) will have the same graph as f(x).
However, if the graph of f(x) is not symmetric with respect to the y-axis, then g(x) = f(-x) will be a reflection of f(x) about the y-axis.
In either case, the resulting graph of g(x) = f(-x) will be symmetric with respect to the y-axis.
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Which element has a higher ionization energy than silicon? Magnesium, Germanium, Sodium, or Phosphorus
Answer:
Phosphorus
Explanation:
Phosphorus will have higher ionization energy than silicon from the given choices.
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove the most loosely held electron in an atom.
Based on the periodic trends:
Across the period, ionization energy increases from left to rightDown a group, ionization energy decreases.Since phosphorus is the element in the right most part after silicon, it has higher ionization energy
Make a drawing representing the reaction that occurs between calcium nitrate and sodium oxalate.
The reaction between calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂) and sodium oxalate (Na₂C₂O₄) can be represented by the following chemical equation:
Ca(NO₃)₂ + Na₂C₂O₄ → CaC₂O₄ + 2NaNO₃
This is a double displacement reaction, where the calcium ion (Ca²⁺) from calcium nitrate and the oxalate ion (C₂O₄²⁻) from sodium oxalate switch places to form calcium oxalate (CaC₂O₄) and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃). The balanced chemical equation shows that one mole of calcium nitrate reacts with one mole of sodium oxalate to form one mole of calcium oxalate and two moles of sodium nitrate.
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What determines how much something will change temperature?
Answer:
The heat Q transferred to cause a temperature change depends on the magnitude of the temperature change, the mass of the system, and the substance and phase involved. (a) The amount of heat transferred is directly proportional to the temperature change.
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Nitrogen and hydrogen combine at a high temperature, in the presence of a catalyst, to produce ammonia.
N2(g)+3H2(g)⟶2NH3(g)
There are four molecules of nitrogen and nine molecules of hydrogen present in the diagram.
When the reaction is complete, how many molecules of NH3 are produced?
What is the limiting reactant?
How many molecules of each reactant are remain after the reaction is complete?
After the reaction is complete, no nitrogen and no hydrogen molecules remain, and 8.00 x 1014 molecules of NH3 are produced.
In the equation, nitrogen and hydrogen react at a high temperature, in the presence of a catalyst, to produce ammonia, according to the balanced chemical equation:N2(g)+3H2(g)⟶2NH3(g)The coefficients of each molecule suggest that one molecule of nitrogen reacts with three molecules of hydrogen to create two molecules of ammonia.
So, to determine how many molecules of ammonia are produced when four nitrogen and nine hydrogen molecules are present, we must first determine which of the two reactants is the limiting reactant.
To find the limiting reactant, the number of moles of each reactant present in the equation must be determined.
Calculations:
Nitrogen (N2) molecules = 4Hence, the number of moles of N2 = 4/6.02 x 1023 mol-1 = 6.64 x 10-24 mol
Hydrogen (H2) molecules = 9Hence, the number of moles of H2 = 9/6.02 x 1023 mol-1 = 1.50 x 10-23 mol
Now we have to calculate the number of moles of NH3 produced when the number of moles of nitrogen and hydrogen are known, i.e., mole ratio of N2 and H2 is 1:3.
The mole ratio of N2 to NH3 is 1:2; thus, for every 1 mole of N2 consumed, 2 moles of NH3 are produced.
The mole ratio of H2 to NH3 is 3:2; thus, for every 3 moles of H2 consumed, 2 moles of NH3 are produced.
From these mole ratios, it can be observed that the limiting reactant is nitrogen.
Calculation for NH3 production:
Nitrogen (N2) moles = 6.64 x 10-24 moles
The mole ratio of N2 to NH3 is 1:2; therefore, moles of NH3 produced is 2 × 6.64 × 10−24 = 1.33 × 10−23 moles.
Now, to determine how many molecules of NH3 are produced, we need to convert moles to molecules.
1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 molecules
Thus, 1.33 x 10-23 moles of NH3 = 8.00 x 1014 molecules of NH3 produced.
To find the amount of each reactant remaining after the reaction is complete, we must first determine how many moles of nitrogen are consumed, then how many moles of hydrogen are consumed, and then subtract these from the initial number of moles of each reactant.
The moles of nitrogen consumed = 4 moles × 1 mole/1 mole N2 × 2 mole NH3/1 mole N2 = 8 moles NH3
The moles of hydrogen consumed = 9 moles × 2 mole NH3/3 mole H2 × 2 mole NH3/1 mole N2 = 4 moles NH3
Thus, the moles of nitrogen remaining = 6.64 × 10−24 mol – 8 × 2/3 × 6.02 × 10^23 mol-1 = 5.06 × 10−24 mol
The moles of hydrogen remaining = 1.50 × 10−23 mol – 4 × 2/3 × 6.02 × 10^23 mol-1 = 8.77 × 10−24 mol
Finally, the number of molecules of each reactant remaining can be calculated as follows:
Number of N2 molecules remaining = 5.06 × 10−24 mol × 6.02 × 10^23 molecules/mol = 3.05 × 10−1 molecules ≈ 0 molecules
Number of H2 molecules remaining = 8.77 × 10−24 mol × 6.02 × 10^23 molecules/mol = 5.28 × 10−1 molecules ≈ 0 molecules.
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1. You have 4.0 g of NaCl. Calculate the number of moles of
NaCl
Answer:
0.07mol
Explanation:
n=mass/molar mass
molar mass of NaCl=23+35.558.5g/moln=4/58.50.07mol2.
Which mixture could be a useful buffer in a solution?
acetic acid (CH3CO2H) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)
sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and elemental sodium (Na)
ammonia (NH3) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)
acetic acid (CH3CO2H) and ammonia (NH3)
Pls answer quickly
Ammonia (\(NH_3\)) and ammonium chloride (\(NH_4Cl\)) mixture could be a useful buffer in a solution. Option C
A buffer is a solution that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. It consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The buffer system works by the principle of Le Chatelier's principle, where the equilibrium is shifted to counteract the changes caused by the addition of an acid or a base.
In option A, acetic acid (\(CH_3CO_2H\)) is a weak acid, but hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid. This combination does not form a buffer because HCl is completely dissociated in water and cannot provide a significant concentration of its conjugate base.
Option B consists of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which is a strong base, and elemental sodium (Na), which is a metal. This combination does not form a buffer as there is no weak acid-base pair involved.
Option D contains acetic acid (\(CH_3CO_2H\)), a weak acid, and ammonia (\(NH_3\)), a weak base. Although they are weak acid and base, they do not form a buffer system together as they are both weak acids or bases and lack the required conjugate acid-base pair.
Option C, ammonia (\(NH_3\)), is a weak base, and ammonium chloride (\(NH_4Cl\)) is its conjugate acid. This combination can form a buffer system. When ammonia reacts with water, it forms ammonium ions (NH4+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
The ammonium ions act as the weak acid, while the ammonia acts as the weak base. The addition of a small amount of acid will be counteracted by the ammonium ions, and the addition of a small amount of base will be counteracted by the ammonia, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable.
Therefore, option C, consisting of ammonia (\(NH_3\)) and ammonium chloride (\(NH_4Cl\)), is the suitable mixture that could be a useful buffer in a solution.
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May you show your work on the Balancing Chemical Equations ^USA TESTPREP ....PLEASE!
6) The density of ammonia gas (NHs) in a 6.0 L container at a pressure of 820 mm Hg and a g/L.
The density of ammonia gas in the 6.0 L container at a pressure of 820 mm Hg is approximately 0.805 g/L.
To determine the density of ammonia gas (NH3) in a 6.0 L container at a pressure of 820 mm Hg, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, which relates pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature for a given gas.
The ideal gas law equation is:
PV = nRT
Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Since we are given the pressure (820 mm Hg), volume (6.0 L), and assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP), we can use the values for R (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) and convert the pressure to atm by dividing by 760 (1 atm = 760 mm Hg).
820 mm Hg / 760 mm Hg/atm = 1.08 atm
Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for density (d):
d = (P * M) / (RT)
Where M is the molar mass of ammonia (NH3), which is approximately 17.03 g/mol.
Substituting the values, we have:
d = (1.08 atm * 17.03 g/mol) / (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K) * 298 K)
Simplifying the equation, we find:
d ≈ 0.805 g/L
Therefore, the density of ammonia gas in the 6.0 L container at a pressure of 820 mm Hg is approximately 0.805 g/L.
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What is the relationship between temperature and pressure
A 200. g piece of metal is boiled in ethanol for 3 minutes and then transferred to a styrofoam cup containing 250. mL of water at 23 C. The metal and water are allowed to come to thermal equilibrium at a temperature of 27.5 C. If ethanol boils at a temperature of 78 C:
a. What is the delta T for the metal
b. What is the delta T for the water
c. what is the specific heat capacity for the unknown metal?
ΔT for the metal = 50.5 °C
ΔT for the water = 4.5 °C
The specific heat capacity for the unknown metal : 0.466 J/g° C
Further explanationThe law of conservation of energy can be applied to heat changes, i.e. the heat received/absorbed is the same as the heat released
Q in = Q out
Heat can be calculated using the formula:
Q = mc∆T
Q = heat, J
m = mass, g
c = specific heat, joules / g ° C
∆T = temperature difference, ° C / K
A 200. g piece of metal is boiled in ethanol (boiling point: 78 C), so :
m metal = 200 g
Ti metal(initial temperature of metal)=78 C
T(system temperature at equilibrium)=27.5
m water = 250 ml x 1 g/ml = 250 g
c water = 4.18 joules / g ° C
Tiw(initial temperature of water) = 23
a. ΔT metal\(\tt 78-27.5=50.5^oC\)
b. ΔT water\(\tt 27.5-23=4.5^oC\)
c. the specific heat capacity for the unknown metal\(\tt Q~metal=Q~water\\\\200\times c\times (78-27.5)=250\times 4.18\times (27.5-23)\\\\10100\times c=4702.5\\\\c=0.466~J/g^oC\)
A mixture of 40 mol % isopropanol in water is distilled at 1 atm by differential distillation until 70 mol % of the charge has been vaporized (equilibrium data are given in Exercise 7.33). What is the composition of the liquid residue in the still pot and of the collected distillate
Answer:
Explanation:
From the given information:
The percentage wieght of mixture \(x_w\) = 0.4
The distillate = 70
From equilibrium data in Exercise 7.33
The Feed W = 100
The Liquid residue F = Feed(W) - Distillate (D)
= 100 - 70 = 30
By applying rayleigh equation;
\(In \bigg (\dfrac{F}{W}\bigg)= \int^{xF}_{x_w}\dfrac{1}{y-x} \ dx\)
From the plot of the graph of \(\dfrac{1}{y-x} \ vs \ x\); the area under the curve is being calculated between the point {\(x_1 = 0.4 \ and \ x_2\) }.
Such that; the area \(= In \bigg( \dfrac{100}{30}\bigg)\) = 1.209
Similarly, the value of xF = 0.067
∴
\(y_D = \dfrac{F_{xF} - W_{xW}}{D}\)
\(y_D = \dfrac{30(0.067)-100(0.4)}{70}\)
\(y_D = 0.543\)
I need help with this
As a result, the ideal gas law is applied, and the pressure of the gas in the container is 1.44 atm.
How does Charles Law compute pressure?The Kelvin temperature and hence the volume are going to be in direct proportion when the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, according to the definition of the Charles Law Formula. PV = k is the law's equation, and k might be a constant.
This issue can be resolved by applying the ideal gas law:
PV = nR
T = -52 °C + 273.15 = 221.15 K
n = 0.642 mol
V = 8.6 L
T = 221.15 K
\(R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K (gas constant for ideal gases)\)
PV = nRT
P = nRT/V
P = (0.642 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(221.15 K)/(8.6 L)
P = 1.44 atm
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What volume of O2 collected at 22.0 degrees Celsius and 728mmHg would be produced by the decomposition of 8.15g KClO3
The volume of O₂ collected at 22 degrees Celsius and 728 mmHg would be produced by the decomposition of 8.15 grams of KClO₃ is 2.52 L
It is given that the mass of KClO₃ is 8.15g and the temperature is 22°C and the pressure is 728mmHg. The number of moles of KClO₃ is given by,
No of moles of KClO₃ = 8.15/122.55
No of moles of KClO₃ = 0.066 mol
The reaction for decomposition is,
2KClO₃ -----------> 2KCl + 3O2
2 mol of KClO3 gives 3 moles of O₂
Then, 0.66mol of KClO3 gives, 3/2(0.66) mol of O₂ which is 0.0998
The given temperature is 22 + 273 = 295K
The given pressure is 728mmHg which is 728/760 which is 0.958 atm
We know that
PV = nRT
0.958 x V = 0.0998x 0.0821x295
V = 2.52L
Therefore, the volume of Oxygen collected is 2.52L
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exchanges gases ( O2 and CO2) between the air and the blood
Answer:
Explanation: Hankins is waiting
Summarize the main challenges and constraints that engineers must overcome in the design of a low-cost, portable water purification system.
The primary difficulties in creating a low-cost, portable water purification system include assuring efficient pollution removal, compact design, durability etc.
In order to create a low-cost, portable water purification system, engineers must overcome several main obstacles and challenges, including: ensuring the removal of contaminants effectively; designing a compact and lightweight system; guaranteeing durability and reliability in harsh environments; providing an affordable, sustainable power source; and addressing cultural and social factors that may affect user acceptance and adoption.
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Select the correct answer.
Based on the reactivities of the elements involved, which reaction will form products that are more stable than the reactants?
The correct option is B. CaBr2 + 2Na → 2NaBr + Ca because In option B, the reactants CaBr2 and Na are both metals with similar reactivities.
Which chemical reactions will result in more durable products than the reactants?Exothermic reactions release energy and are defined as producing products with higher stability (lower energy) than the reactants. The exothermic reaction that happens during a fire and releases energy in the form of heat and light is the combustion reaction.
Which substance will respond the quickest?In terms of reactivity, the metals that are listed in the periodic table's lower left corner are the most active. Lithium, sodium, and potassium, for instance, all interact with water.
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Question:
Based on the reactivities of the elements involved, which reaction will form products that are more stable than the reactants?
A. 2AlBr3 + 3Zn → 3ZnBr2 + 2Al
B. CaBr2 + 2Na → 2NaBr + Ca
C. MgBr2 + H2 → 2HBr + Mg
D. BaBr2 + Ca → CaBr2 + Ba
E. 2LiBr + Ba → BaBr2 + 2Li
You need to make an aqueous solution of 0.131 M iron(II) acetate for an experiment in lab, using a 125 mL volumetric flask. How much solid iron(II) acetate should you add
Answer:
2.85 g of iron(II) acetate, Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂
Explanation:
The following data were obtained from the question:
Molarity of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.131 M
Volume of solution = 125 mL
Mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ =?
Next, we shall convert 125 mL to L. This can be obtained as follow:
1000 mL = 1 L
Therefore,
125 mL = 125 mL × 1 L / 1000 mL
125 mL = 0.125 L
Thus, 125 mL is equivalent to 0.125 L.
Next, we shall determine the number of mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Molarity of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.131 M
Volume of solution = 0.125 L
Mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ =?
Molarity = mole /Volume
0.131 = Mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ / 0.125
Cross multiply
Mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.131 × 0.125
Mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.0164 mole
Finally, we shall determine the mass of iron(II) acetate, Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂, needed to prepare the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.0164 mole
Molar mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 56 + 2[(2×12) + (3×1) + (2×16)]
= 56 + 2[24 + 3 + 32]
= 56 + 2[59]
= 56 + 118
Molar mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 174 g/mol
Mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ =?
Mole = mass /Molar mass
0.0164 = Mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ / 174
Cross multiply
Mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 0.0164 × 174
Mass of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ = 2.85 g
Thus, to prepare 0.131 M iron(II) acetate, Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂, add 2.85 g of Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₂ to 125 mL volumetric flask and fill with water to the mark.
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1. Calculate the Hf for the reaction.
CS2(l) + 2H2O (l) CO2(g) + 2H2S(g)
2. Since you now know the Hf of this reaction, please indicate whether it is an endothermic or an exothermic reaction and why you chose your answer.
The answer is:
ΔHf = -109.2 kJ/molThe reaction is exothermic because the ΔHf value is negative.Hydrogen bonding activity drawings
Answer:UIHIU
A small amount of chemical splashes in Frank’s eye. What should Frank do immediately?
Explanation:A small amount of chemical splashes in Frank’s eye. What should Frank do immediately?
]All organic compounds contain the element carbon but, not all compounds containing the element “carbon”are organic .Justify this statement.
The statement "All organic compounds contain the element carbon, but not all compounds containing the element 'carbon' are organic" can be justified based on the definition and characteristics of organic compounds.
Organic compounds are compounds primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, often with other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. These compounds are typically associated with living organisms and are known for their unique properties and behavior, including the ability to form complex structures, exhibit covalent bonding, and undergo organic reactions.
On the other hand, there are compounds that contain carbon but are not classified as organic. One notable example is carbon dioxide (\(CO_{2}\)), which is a simple inorganic compound composed of carbon and oxygen. Carbon dioxide does not possess the characteristic properties of organic compounds, such as the ability to form long chains or undergo organic reactions.
Additionally, there are inorganic compounds like carbonates (such as calcium carbonate) and carbides (such as calcium carbide) that contain carbon but are not considered organic. These compounds have distinct chemical and physical properties different from those of organic compounds.
In summary, while all organic compounds contain carbon, not all compounds containing carbon are organic. The classification of a compound as organic or inorganic depends on its overall molecular structure, bonding, and characteristic properties.
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Determine the energy release in the reaction13 13 0N ----> C + e7 6 +1Calculate (a) using nuclear masses, formed by subtracting the proper number of electron masses from the atomic masses, and (b) using atomic masses while accounting for the energy of pair production.
The energy release of the reaction is 4.852 x 1017 J using nuclear masses, and 3.972 x 1017 J using atomic masses while accounting for the energy of pair production.
To calculate the energy release in this reaction, we can use the following equation:
Energy release = (Mass of Reactants - Mass of Products) x c2
(a) Using nuclear masses:
Mass of Reactants = 13.001354 u
Mass of Products = 7.016004 u + 1.008665 u = 8.024670 u
Energy Release = (13.001354 - 8.024670) x 9 x 1016 = 4.852 x 1017 J
(b) Using atomic masses while accounting for the energy of pair production:
Mass of Reactants = 13.001354 u
Mass of Products = 7.016004 u + 1.008665 u = 8.024670 u
Energy Release = (13.001354 - 8.024670 - 2(0.510998928) ) x 9 x 1016 = 3.972 x 1017 J
Therefore, the energy release of the reaction is 4.852 x 1017 J using nuclear masses, and 3.972 x 1017 J using atomic masses while accounting for the energy of pair production.
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which force does the truck use to move the car with it A.push B.pull C.gravity D.Friction
it is push i think to move the car
Answer:
Either A. Push or B.Pull because the truck is either pushing or pulling the car to move it. So it depends on if it's pushing or pulling the car.
Explanation:
Use the diagram below to answer 3 questions
Answer:
The element X is sulfur.
Sulfur will gain 2 electrons to become an ion.
The charge of sulfide ion is (2-).
Explanation:
How does the neutron number in each compare
Answer:
Neutrons are all identical to each other, just as protons are. Atoms of a particular element must have the same number of protons but can have different numbers of neutrons.
Explanation:
Since the vast majority of an atom's mass is found its protons and neutrons, subtracting the number of protons (i.e. the atomic number) from the atomic mass will give you the calculated number of neutrons in the atom. In our example, this is: 14 (atomic mass) – 6 (number of protons) = 8 (number of neutrons).
The volume of a gas is 0.8 L at 101.3 kPa and 0°C. What volume will it occupy at 101.3 kPa and
24°C
The volume of the gas at 101.3 kPa and 24°C will be 24.58 L.
What is gas law?Gas law is a set of empirical laws that describe the physical behavior of a gas. They are derived from experiments on gases, and they relate the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas. The most famous gas law is the Ideal Gas Law, which states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas are related by the equation PV=nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the amount of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.
At constant pressure, the volume of a gas will increase as its temperature increases. This is because the molecules are moving faster, so they take up more space. Therefore, the volume of the gas at 101.3 kPa and 24°C will be greater than 0.8 L. To calculate the exact volume, you would need to use the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
where P is pressure,
V is volume,
n is the number of moles of gas,
R is the ideal gas constant, and
T is temperature in Kelvin.
Solving for V, we get:
V = (nRT) / P
Plugging in the given values, we get:
V = (n * 8.314 * 297.15) / 101.3
V = 24.58 L
Therefore, the volume of the gas at 101.3 kPa and 24°C will be 24.58 L.
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Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 20 minutes. how much of a 100 mg sample would remain after 60 minutes?
The amount of nitrogen-13 sample that remained after 60 minutes has been 25mg.
Half-life can be described as the time required by the substance to reduce half of its initial concentration.
The half-life of Nitrogen-13 has been 20 minutes. In 20 minutes, the sample will be reduced to half of its concentration,
The total time has been 60 minutes.
The number of half-life experienced by the sample has:
Number of half life= Total time/half life
Number of half life cycles= 60/20=3
The number of half-life cycles = 3
The sample has been reduced to 50% in the first half-life cycle and reduced to 25% by the end of 2nd half-life cycle.
The sample remained = 25% of the initial concentration.
The sample remained = 25/100.100 mg
The sample remained = 25 mg
Therefore, the amount of nitrogen-13 sample that remained after 60 minutes has been 25mg.
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the constant pressure heat capacity of a sample of a perfect gas was found to vary with pressure according to the expression Cp/(JK⁻¹)=20.17+O.4001T.calculate,q,w,ΔU,Δ H. When the temperature is raised from 0°c to 100°c. At constant pressure and volume
Answer:
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What the mass in grams of 6.25 mol of copper(II) nitrate
Answer:
Mass of 6.25 moles of copper(II) nitrate = 1025 grams
Explanation:
Let us calculate the molar mass of Copper (II) nitrate
Molecular formula = Ca(NO₃)₂
Atomic mass of Ca = 40 g/mol
Atomic mass of N =14 g/mol
Atomic mass of O = 16 g/mol
molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂ = 40 + (14 X2) +( 6X16) = 164 g/mol
moles=\frac{mass}{molarmass}moles=
molarmass
mass
therefore
mass = moles X molar mass
mass = 6.25 X 164 = 1025 grams
10 kg of Phenanthrene is to be burnt with supplied air which is 30% less than the requirement. Find the exit gas stream average molecular weight and the leftover Phenanthrene amount in the reactor.
The exit gas stream has an average molecular weight of 29.0 g/mol and the amount of leftover Phenanthrene in the reactor is 5377 g.
How to calculate exit gas and leftover?Start by calculating the stoichiometric amount of air required to burn 10 kg of Phenanthrene. The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of Phenanthrene is:
C₁₄H₁₀ + 19O₂ → 14CO2 + 5H₂O
Therefore, to burn 10 kg (10000 g) of Phenanthrene:
nO₂ = 19 x (10000 g / 178.24 g/mol) = 1065.5 mol
So the actual amount of oxygen supplied will be:
nO₂, supplied = 0.7 x nO₂ = 745.9 mol
The amount of air required to supply this much oxygen can be calculated using the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
where P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles, R = gas constant, and T = temperature.
Assuming standard temperature and pressure (STP):
P = 1 atm = 101.3 kPa
T = 273 K
R = 8.314 J/mol.K
The volume of air required is then:
Vair = nair × RT/P = (nO₂,supplied + nN₂,supplied) × RT/P
where nN₂,supplied = number of moles of nitrogen in the supplied air.
Since air is about 79% nitrogen by volume, assume that the number of moles of nitrogen is proportional to the number of moles of oxygen:
nN₂,supplied = (0.79/0.21) x nO₂,supplied = 2807.2 mol
Therefore,
Vair = (nO₂,supplied + nN₂,supplied) × RT/P
= (745.9 + 2807.2) × 8.314 × 273 / 101.3
= 63106 L
Calculate the average molecular weight of the exit gas stream using the ideal gas law again:
n = PV/RT
where n = number of moles of gas, P = pressure, V = volume, R = gas constant, and T = temperature.
Assuming that the combustion products are at the same temperature and pressure as the supplied air (STP):
nCO₂ = nH₂O = nO₂,supplied = 745.9 mol
nN₂ = nN₂,supplied = 2807.2 mol
The total number of moles of gas in the exit stream is then:
ntotal = nCO₂ + nH₂O + nN₂ = 745.9 + 745.9 + 2807.2 = 4298.0 mol
The volume of the exit stream can be calculated using the ideal gas law:
Vexit = ntotal × RT/P = 4298.0 × 8.314 × 273 / 101.3 = 36534 L
The average molecular weight of the exit gas stream is then:
M = mtotal/ntotal
where mtotal = total mass of gas in the exit stream.
Calculate mtotal by adding up the mass of each component in the exit stream:
mtotal = mCO₂ + mH₂O + mN₂
where mCO₂, mH₂O, and mN₂ = masses of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen, respectively.
Calculate these masses using the molecular weights of the compounds and the number of moles:
mCO₂ = nCO₂ × MCO₂ = 745.9 × 44.01 g/mol = 32804 g
mH₂O = nH₂O × MH₂O = 745.9 × 18.02 g/mol = 13419 g
mN₂ = nN₂ × MN₂ = 2807.2 × 28.01 g/mol = 78617 g
Therefore,
mtotal = mCO₂ + mH₂O + mN₂ = 32804 + 13419 + 78617 = 124840 g
Substituting into the equation:
M = mtotal/ntotal = 124840 g/4298.0 mol = 29.0 g/mol
So the exit gas stream has an average molecular weight of 29.0 g/mol.
The leftover Phenanthrene amount can be calculated as follows:
mPhenanthrene,leftover = mPhenanthrene,initial - mCO₂ - mH₂O
where mPhenanthrene,initial = initial mass of Phenanthrene, which is 10 kg (10000 g).
Substitute these values into the equation:
mPhenanthrene,leftover = 10000 - 32804 - 13419 = 5377 g
Therefore, the amount of leftover Phenanthrene in the reactor is 5377 g.
Find out more on Phenanthrene here: https://brainly.com/question/31502620
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