What is the frequency of recombinant genotypes types from a dihybrid cross if the two traits occur on different chromosomes?.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: When two traits are on different chromosomes, they behave independently, and the law of segregation applies to each gene. The frequency of recombinant genotypes in a dihybrid cross when two traits occur on different chromosomes is always 50%.

When two traits are on different chromosomes, they behave independently, and the law of segregation applies to each gene. As a result, gametes with all possible genotypes are created when the two genes are separated from one another by meiosis.

As a result, each combination of alleles on one chromosome is equally likely to be combined with each combination of alleles on the other chromosome.

The frequency of recombinant genotypes in a dihybrid cross when two traits occur on different chromosomes is always 50%.

The reason for this is because the genes are on different chromosomes, and the alleles are assorted independently in gamete formation.

For instance, when two heterozygous parents (RrYy) are crossed, the genotype of the offspring is expected to be 1/4 RY, 1/4 Ry, 1/4 rY, and 1/4 ry.

Therefore, recombinant gametes (RY and ry) are produced at a frequency of 50%, whereas non-recombinant gametes (Ry and rY) are produced at a frequency of 25% each.

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Related Questions

Which of the following is NOT an example of how biotic factors interact with abiotic factors in
an ecosystem?
A Alion preys on a herd of gazelle.
B Plants remove carbon dioxide from the air and add oxygen.
C Animals cause erosion by digging in the dirt.
D A lizard raises its body temperature by using heat from the Sun.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Both lions and gazelles are biotic

how can different cells do different jobs in the human body with the same DNA

Answers

Answer:

Almost all of the cells in your body share the same DNA as was found in that first cell*.  For a cell to work, 1000's of these proteins must be made, each doing its particular job. Eyes and lungs are so different because different sets of proteins are made in the various eye and lung cells.

Phosphorus cycles between living things and the_.

Answers

Answer:

Non-living things.

Explanation:

The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus, a very important element of living things, between the living and nonliving parts of our world.

Answer:

Dead things.

Explanation:

Also water, rocks, and the atmosphere.

Give one (1) example of an energy transformation.

Answers

Answer:

An energy transformation is the change of energy from one form to another. Energy transformations occur everywhere every second of the day. There are many different forms of energy such as electrical, thermal, nuclear, mechanical, electromagnetic, sound, and chemical. Because the law of conservation of energy states that energy is always conserved in the universe and simply changes from one form to another, many energy transformations are taking place constantly.

Hope helps you

Explanation:

Here are 2 examples just in case:)

The Sun transforms nuclear energy into heat and light energy.

Our bodies convert chemical energy in our food into mechanical energy for us to move.

someone help plz this is due in 1 hour ​

someone help plz this is due in 1 hour

Answers

Answer:

I would say igneous intrusion.

Explanation:

This is because it looks like the only rock type that suits the photo tbh. It looks like A is intruding into other areas

Answer:

I think is igneous intrusion

List the seven major fish body forms. For three of the seven body forms, briefly
describe how physical characteristics are related to the habitat and niche of fish
species in that category.

Answers

The seven major fish body forms are- fusiform, compressiform, anguilliform, filiform, depressiform, sagittiform, and globiform.

Below are the descriptions of the three body forms and how their physical characteristics are related to their  habitat and niches:Fusiform body form: This body form has a streamlined shape that allows for easy movement through the water. It is most commonly found in open-water fish, such as tuna and mackerel, that need to move quickly to catch prey and avoid predators. Its narrow shape reduces drag, which increases its swimming speed. The fusiform body form is particularly adapted for fast swimming, and it is typically found in fish that are pelagic (live in open water).

Compressiform body form: This body form is flattened from side to side, which gives the fish a ribbon-like appearance. The compressiform body form is well adapted to moving through the water by means of quick, darting movements. They are generally found in areas of shallow water or near the bottom of the sea floor, where they can quickly move to escape danger. For example, eels use the compressiform body form to move quickly through small crevices.Anguilliform body form: This body form is characterized by a long, thin shape that allows the fish to easily move through the water.

This body form is found in fish like eels, which live in narrow spaces such as burrows, rock crevices, or coral reefs. The elongated and flexible body structure of anguilliform fish enables them to move through complex environments easily.In summary, the physical characteristics of fish are related to their habitats and niches. Each of these three body forms is adapted to different environments, from open water to rocky crevices, and each is suited to a different type of swimming or movement.

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a primary and a secondary immune response differ in that the primary response: a. is specific, while the secondary response is general. b. is slower, while the secondary response is faster and more efficient. c. stimulates memory b cells, while the secondary response stimulates memory t cells. d. binds one antigen, while the secondary response binds a variety of antigens.

Answers

A primary and a secondary immune response differ in that the primary response

Is slower, while the secondary response is faster and more efficient.

A primary immune response happens when the body encounters an antigen for the first time. During the primary response, antigen-specific B cells attach to the antigen and create antibodies to combat it. When the immune system is exposed to the same antigen again, the secondary immune response develops. Memory B and memory T cells will be engaged throughout this reaction, resulting in a quicker and more efficient response. Because memory B and memory T cells are antigen-specific, they may attach to it faster and produce more antibodies. This reaction is far more efficient than the main response because it does not necessitate the immune system producing new B cells that are antigen specific.

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Explain the process in which root cells get their energy, list all the organelles involved in the process. NO COPY AND PASTE!

Answers

Answer:

They get their energy from the cell membrane/ nucleus.

Explanation:

Through the process of photosynthesis.

The oscar is an aggressive fish native to South America. Many people in Florida keep oscars as pets. When these fish outgrow their aquariums, people sometimes release them into the Everglades. The largemouth bass was abundant in the Everglades until the oscar population increased. Today, oscars are much more common in the Everglades than largemouth bass. Which of the following would be the best method to increase the largemouth bass population in the Florida Everglades?

A. Move more largemouth bass into the Florida Everglades

B. Introduce a species of fish that will eat the oscars

C. Increase the food supply for both largemouth bass and the oscars

D. Make it illegal to release South American fish into the Everglades

Answers

The best method to increase the largemouth bass population in the Florida Everglades is to increase the food supply for both largemouth bass and the oscars

What are invasive species?

Invasive species are species of organisms which when introduced into a new habitat are able to dominate and take over the resources of that habitat while displacing original species of organisms found there.

The oscars are invasive species and has taken over the habitat of the largemouth bass population in the Florida Everglades.

The best method to increase the largemouth bass population in the Florida Everglades is to increase the food supply for both largemouth bass and the oscars as this will allow both species to grow independently.

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which stage(s) of mitosis have a fully formed nuclear envelope? select all that are true. group of answer choices prometaphase prophase interphase metaphase cytokinesis telophase anaphase

Answers

The stages of mitosis that have a fully formed nuclear envelope are prophase, metaphase, and telophase.

During mitosis, the nuclear envelope undergoes dynamic changes as the cell progresses through different stages. In prophase, the nuclear envelope starts to disintegrate, allowing the chromosomes to condense and become visible. The breakdown of the nuclear envelope is necessary for the separation and movement of the chromosomes.

However, in metaphase, the nuclear envelope reforms around the condensed chromosomes. This allows the chromosomes to align at the center of the cell along the metaphase plate. The fully formed nuclear envelope helps protect the genetic material within the nucleus during this stage.

In telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around the separated sets of chromosomes at opposite poles of the cell. This marks the final stage of mitosis, and the formation of the nuclear envelope prepares the cell for the next phase of the cell cycle.

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review your model of protein targeting. proteins such as insulin travel to the plasma membrane and are secreted from the cell. on its way to the plasma membrane, insulin must travel through what organelle?

Answers

Insulin must pass through the Endoplasmic Reticulum organelle on its path to the plasma membrane.

What is the short definition of endoplasmic reticulum?

In the cell cytoplasm of eukaryotic organisms, the rough er (ER) is a continuous phospholipid bilayer that creates a number of flattened sacs. An ER can be found in all eukaryotic cells. The ER typically makes up more than 50% of the cell's membranous composition in animal cells.

What is the endoplasmic reticulum's primary purpose?

Large and active, the inner membrane (ER) plays a variety of functions in the cell, including calcium store, protein synthesis, and lipid metabolism. Several domains, which are composed of tubules, sheets, and the nuclear envelope, carry out the various ER activities.

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what sets organization & employee apart ?

Answers

Organizations and employees are different in several ways, including their goals, responsibilities, and actions.

Organizations are typically made up of multiple employees working together to achieve a common goal, such as maximizing profits or providing goods or services. They have a hierarchical structure, and employees often have specific roles and responsibilities within the organization. On the other hand, employees are individuals who work for the organization and are primarily concerned with their own careers and personal goals.Organizations make decisions that are in the best interest of the company as a whole, while employees make decisions based on their individual needs and preferences. Organizations also have the power to make changes to policies, procedures, and processes, whereas employees typically only have the power to influence these decisions through their actions and contributions.

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Help pls!!!
A man who has built a cabin on the edge of a forest discovers a termite infestation in his basement. The man plans to get rid of the termites by applying a pyrethroid-based termiticide around the edges of the
basement. Describe two alternate solutions that do not involve chemical pesticides and explain an advantage of each alternate solution. (5 points)

Answers

Two alternate solutions to get rid of the termite infestation without using chemical pesticides are:

1. Heat treatment: One effective way to get rid of termites without using chemical pesticides is to expose them to high temperatures. The man can use heat treatment to kill the termites by using specialized heating equipment to raise the temperature in the basement to a level that is lethal to the termites. This method has the advantage of being a non-toxic and chemical-free solution that does not pose any health risks to humans or pets. It can also be a one-time treatment that eliminates the need for ongoing chemical treatments.

2. Bait stations: Another alternative to chemical pesticides is to use bait stations to eliminate the termite colony. Bait stations contain wood that is treated with a slow-acting toxicant that is attractive to termites. Once the termites feed on the bait, they will carry the toxicant back to their colony and spread it to other termites, eventually leading to the death of the entire colony. The advantage of bait stations is that they are non-invasive and do not require any drilling or digging around the house. They are also environmentally friendly and do not pose any health risks to humans or pets.

Both of these alternative solutions are effective in eliminating termite infestations without the use of chemical pesticides. They also have the advantage of being non-toxic and environmentally friendly, which makes them safer for humans, pets, and the environment.

Final answer:

Two alternate solutions to control termite infestation without using chemical pesticides are physical barriers and biological control methods. The first method uses materials like sand or crushed glass which termites can't move through. The second method uses natural enemies of termites like certain parasites or beetles.

Explanation:

A man who has built a cabin on the edge of a forest discovers a termite infestation in his basement. Two non-chemical alternatives to using a pyrethroid-based termiticide to control such an infestation include physical barriers and biological control methods.

Physical Barriers These include materials such as sand or crushed glass that termites can't move through. A continuous barrier around the basement can prevent termites from getting to the wood. This method gets rid of the termite infestation without chemicals, protecting possible harm to non-target organisms in the surrounding environment.Biological Control Methods These involve the use of natural enemies of termites such as nematodes (parasitic worms), fungi, or certain types of beetles. These organisms can help keep the termite population in check. The advantage of this method is that it is environmentally friendly and sustainable, and it avoids the use of harmful pesticides.

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The graph shows the frequency of two alleles for a genetic trait in a population. A graph entitled Frequency of 2 Alleles in a Population has generation number on the horizontal axis, and frequency on the vertical axis, from 0 to 1. Allele Upper A has a 0.5 frequency at generations 1, 2, 3 and 4. It has a 0.45 frequency at generation 5. Allele a has a 0.5 frequency from Generations 1 through 4 and then has a frequency of 0.55 at generation 5. Which question is a biologist most likely to ask after seeing this graph? Did the observer make the wrong observations in generation 5? How many individuals were observed in each generation? Is there a theory that explains the results in the graph? Will the frequency of the alleles in this population change again?

Answers

Answer:

C. Is there a theory that explains the results in the graph?

Explanation:

i tack test

In which structure does the major output from the limbic system originate? A. The hypothalamus. B. The hippocampus. C. The amygdala. D. The mammillary body.

Answers

The major output from the limbic system originates in the hypothalamus. It includes several key structures, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus.

The limbic system is a complex network of brain structures involved in emotion, memory, and motivation. While the hippocampus and amygdala are important for memory and emotional processing, respectively, the hypothalamus serves as a major output center for the limbic system. The hypothalamus plays a critical role in regulating various bodily functions, including hormone production, autonomic nervous system activity, and controlling behaviors associated with basic survival needs, such as feeding, drinking, and sexual behavior.

It receives input from other limbic structures and communicates with various regions of the brain and the body, allowing it to influence a wide range of physiological and behavioral responses. Therefore, the correct answer is A. The hypothalamus.

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How did horses change as they evolved over the past 50 million years?


A. Horses used to have four distinct digits.
B. Horses used to be bigger.
C. Horses used to have no distinct digits.
D. Horses used to have very long teeth.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The answer should be b

How many atp and nadh molecules are produced from each molecule of glucose in the citric acid cycle only?.

Answers

Only in the citric acid cycle does each glucose molecule yield 2 ATP and 6 NADH molecules.

Two pyruvate molecules are produced from one glucose molecule. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enzyme then transforms these pyruvate molecules into Acetyl-CoA. One acetyl-CoA generates one GTP (the ATP equivalent), one FADH2, and three NADH. Two acetyl CoA (or one glucose molecule) will result in the synthesis of two ATP, two FADH2, and six NADH.

The citric acid cycle is a chain of redox and decarboxylation events that eliminate carbon dioxide and high-energy electrons. In the following route, the electrons momentarily trapped in NADH and FADH2 molecules are used to produce ATP. At each cycle turn, substrate-level phosphorylation yields one molecule of either GTP or ATP. The cyclic pathway is not compared to a linear one.

Thus, we can conclude that each glucose molecule only produces 2 ATP and 6 NADH molecules during the citric acid cycle.

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A scientist is comparing samples of intrusive and extrusive igneous rock. Describe one way the samples are alike and one way they are different

Answers

Answer:

The intrusive rocks have small to medium grins size and extrusive have infinite t o microscopic texture. There cooling time may take sec to months while for intrusive its thousand of years.

Explanation:

They vary due to the intrusive-igneous rock forms as magma-pushes into the rock from below the earth's-surface and the extrusive-rock are formed when lave erupts onto the-surface. They are same as they are both made-crystals.

1 Which human activity has had the least effect
on the biosphere?
(1) agriculture
(2) industry
(3) urban development
(4) aquaculture

Answers

Answer:

4

Explanation:

because the ocean dont produce any thing to the earth's biosphere.

which regions of dna are used for identification of different species? select one: a. highly variable b. primary c. highly conserved d. positive controls courshero

Answers

Highly variable regions of DNA are used for identification of different species. The correct option is a). DNA barcoding is a technique that uses a particular region of DNA to identify different species.

The DNA barcoding technique uses a short segment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene to identify different species. This gene is known to be highly variable among species, making it an ideal target for species identification.

The CO1 gene is not only highly variable, but it is also found in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of eukaryotic organisms. The mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother and is passed down to offspring. Because it is maternally inherited, the mtDNA does not undergo recombination and does not have introns. These characteristics make the CO1 gene an ideal target for DNA barcoding.

Other regions of DNA that are used for species identification include the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region and the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. However, the CO1 gene is the most commonly used region for species identification.

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On the pH scale, a 7 indicates
O neutrality
an acid
a base

Answers

Answer: On the pH scale, 7 is neutral.

Explanation:

How will this mutation most likely affect the mouse and the population? The mouse with the mutation will not survive, and the trait will disappear from the population. The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, and the trait will spread over future generations. The mouse with the mutation will not survive, but the trait will appear again in the next generation. The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, but the trait will disappear because it was caused by a mutation.

Answers

The mouse with the mutation will survive and reproduce, and the trait will spread over future generations.

Mutations can introduce new traits into a population. In this case, the mouse with the mutation has a survival advantage and is able to reproduce, passing on the mutated trait to its offspring. Over time, as more individuals with the mutation survive and reproduce, the trait becomes more prevalent in the population. This is how new genetic variations can arise and spread through a population, contributing to genetic diversity and potentially leading to evolutionary changes. Therefore, the mouse with the mutation will have a positive impact on the population by increasing the prevalence of the mutated trait over time.

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Why is the phrase food web more accurate than food chain when describing how energy and materials moves through trophic levels?

Answers

Answer:Food chains make it easier to visualize trophic levels, or how energy moves through the ecosystem. However, in reality, animals can have more than one food source, and the relationships between different organisms are much more complex. This is why webs are considered to be more realistic than simple food chains.

Explanation:Hope this helps. have a wonderful day, and pls mark me brainiest.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about proteins as compared with lipids and
carbohydrates?

Answers

Answer:

Proteins are the last source of energy the body will use.

Explanation:

Carbs are the first source of energy the body will use followed by lipids and then proteins.


Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?

Answers

Answer:

Photosynthesis, the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.

Explanation:

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How are the chemical senses different from the non-chemical senses?
O You must experience chemical stimulus in order for your senses to work.
O You must be careful that you don't burn your neurons with the ingested chemicals.
O Chemical senses are less strong than the non-chemical senses.
O They require chemical receptors in addition to neurons for sending messages to your brain.

Answers

In order to communicate with your brain, they need chemical receptors in addition to neurons.

THE CHEMICAL SENSES Because both taste (gustation) and smell (olfaction) include sensory receptors that react to molecules in the food we consume or the air we breathe, they are referred to be chemical senses.

Taste, also known as gustation (for dissolved chemicals that reveal the palatability of food), and smell, sometimes known as olfaction, are the two most common categories of the external chemical senses (for airborne chemicals that inform about events at a distance). Humans' sense of taste is restricted to the mouth, particularly the tongue.

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Whales, humans, lizards, and birds each have forelimbs that are adapted for different functions, including swimming, using tools, walking, and flying. While different in function, these forelimbs share a similar skeletal structure of the humerus, radius, and ulna. How does a comparison of the forelimbs of these organisms provide evidence for evolution?

A. These homologous structures indicate that these four organisms all share a common ancestor.
B. These analogous structures indicate that whales are descended from organisms that lived on land.
C. These analogous structures indicate that these four organisms all experienced convergent evolution.
D. These homologous structures indicate that humans, whales, and birds all evolved from a lineage of lizards.

Answers

Answer:

A. These homologous structures indicate that these four organisms all share a common ancestor.

Explanation:

Homologous structures mean the organs will have similar structure, but not necessarily function (human arm vs whale's flipper). While analogous structures are similar in function but not structure (wings of an airplane vs wings of a bird). Since the question states that they are similar in skeletal structure, we know they must be homologous structures, thereby eliminating B and C. D is not a choice because the question does not provide anything about the order of evolution. Therefore the answer is A. These homologous structures indicate that these four organisms all share a common ancestor.

most enveloped viruses use the host __________ membrane as their envelope source.

Answers

Answer:

Plasma

Explanation:

For the virus to replicate genome, the virus has to cross through the plasma membrane. This process can also be called "budding off".

ANSWER THIS FOR BRAINLIEST AND 60 POINTS!!!

ANSWER THIS FOR BRAINLIEST AND 60 POINTS!!!

Answers

Answer:

A AND B                           hope helpes

Explanation:

Answer:

A and B are the answers

hope this helps   :P

A city has experienced an increase in vehicle traffic in the last few years. During this time, the city has also recorded an increase in air pollution.

Which solution should the city choose to best reduce air pollution in the coming years?
A.
Monitor the levels of air pollution during rush hour each day.
B.
Provide more public facilities for the disposal of motor oil used in vehicles.
C.
Encourage using public transportation rather than driving individual cars.
D.
Prohibit all use of motor vehicles on all roads in the city.

Answers

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C. Encourage using public transportation rather than driving individual cars.

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