What relationship is described by the arrhenius equation, k = ae -(ea / rt)?

The mass of Na that contains 4.653×10¹⁹ atoms is 0.0018 g

From Avogadro's hypothesis,

Thus,

1 mole of Na = 23 g

Thus, we can say that:

With the above information in mind, we can determine the mass of Na that contains 4.653×10¹⁹ atoms. This can be obtained as follow:

6.02×10²³ atoms = 23 g of Na

Therefore,

4.653×10¹⁹ atoms = \(\frac{4.653*10^{19} * 23}{6.02*10^{23} }\)

Therefore, 0.0018 g of Na contains 4.653×10¹⁹ atoms.

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Answer:

The angular alignment is 90 degrees

Explanation:

The neap tide is a type of tide which occurs around seven days after a spring tide. This type of tide happens twice every month.

The tide is usually moderate and it exists when the sun and moon are usually at right angles to each other when it occurs. A right angle is also known as 90 degrees which validates the tide occurring at an angle 90.

Answer: sorry

Explanation:

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Understanding physical properties of matter is essential in everyday life for a variety of purposes, from cooking to choosing materials.

Knowledge of physical properties of matter is extremely important in everyday life as it helps us understand the nature of substances we come into contact with. One example is the use of boiling points in cooking. Different substances have different boiling points which determine the temperature at which they boil. This information is crucial in determining cooking times and ensuring that food is cooked properly.

For instance, water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, while sugar syrup boils at a much higher temperature. If the wrong temperature is used, food may be undercooked or overcooked, leading to undesired outcomes. Knowledge of physical properties also helps in choosing the right materials for different purposes, such as choosing heat-resistant materials for cooking.

In conclusion, understanding physical properties of matter is essential in everyday life for a variety of purposes, from cooking to choosing materials.

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To determine if the internal energy of a system increases or decreases, we usually analyze changes in its temperature, volume, or pressure. If the temperature rises, it signifies an increase in internal energy, and vice versa.

The diagram in question represents a decrease in the internal energy of the system. This is because the final state of the system is at a lower energy level than the initial state. In terms of the absence of work associated with the process, it is important to note that the change in internal energy of a system is determined by the heat added to or removed from the system. If there is no work involved in the process, then the heat transferred must be the only factor contributing to the change in internal energy. Therefore, if heat is added to the system, it is endothermic as the internal energy of the system increases, whereas if heat is removed from the system, it is exothermic as the internal energy of the system decreases.

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Answer:

Electrons are shared in pairs!

Explanation:

I'm doing learning about  Covalent Bonding too:)  

Condensation is the phase change from gas to a liquid, whereas evaporation is the phase change from liquid to gas.

Answer:

The warm exhaust from the natural gas heater

is the result of taking usable energy (in the

natural gas), using some of it, then releasing

the less usable form (exhaust). or you can write -> Electricity is a usable form of energy, but heat is not. Heat is simply dissipated to the surroundings as a result of temperature gradient. Thus, energy is transformed from usable to non-usable form.

The concentration of the original Ba(OH)₂ solution if 15.0 ml solution of Ba(OH)₂ is neutralized with 22.7 ml of 0.200 m HCl is 151.3 mol/dm³

To determine concentration of the original Ba(OH)₂ solution, we must know he balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is:

Ba(OH)₂ + 2HCl → BaCl₂ + 2H₂O

From the equation above, the stoichiometric ratio of Ba(OH)₂ and HCl is 1:2. That means one mole of Ba(OH)₂ reacts with 2 moles of HCl. The balanced chemical equation also shows that the number of moles of HCl used is the same as the number of moles of Ba(OH)₂. Hence:

moles of HCl = 0.200 mol/dm³ × 22.7 dm³ = 4.54 mol

Using the stoichiometric ratio, the moles of Ba(OH)₂ in the solution can be calculated to be:

moles of Ba(OH)₂ = 4.54 mol ÷ 2 = 2.27 mol

The volume of the Ba(OH)₂ solution is 15.0 mL, which is 0.015 dm³. Therefore, the concentration of the original Ba(OH)₂ solution can be calculated as:

concentration = moles/volume= 2.27 mol ÷ 0.015 dm³= 151.3 mol/dm³

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The concentration of the original Ba(OH)₂ solution is 0.302 M.

Given data

Volume of Ba(OH)₂ solution used = 15.0 ml

Volume of HCl used = 22.7 ml

Molarity of HCl solution used = 0.200 M

We need to calculate the concentration of Ba(OH)₂ solution, which is not known.Molar ratio of HCl and Ba(OH)₂ in a balanced chemical equation of their neutralization is;

HCl + Ba(OH)₂ → BaCl₂ + 2H₂O

The balanced chemical equation tells us that 1 mole of HCl is required to neutralize 1 mole of Ba(OH)₂.

So, the moles of HCl used in the reaction is;

moles of HCl = molarity × volume (in liters)

moles of HCl = 0.200 M × 0.0227 L = 0.00454 mole

Since one mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of Ba(OH)₂,

so the number of moles of Ba(OH)₂ used is also equal to 0.00454 mole. Since we know the volume of the Ba(OH)₂ solution used, we can calculate the molarity of the solution as;

molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters

Molarity = 0.00454 / (15.0 / 1000) = 0.302 M

Therefore, the concentration of the original Ba(OH)₂ solution is 0.302 M.

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Answer:

it is determined from known oxidation states of other elements

Forward component of the reaction When CO₂ is added to water, it dissolves and reacts to form carbonic acid (H₂CO3) in the forward reaction.

The formula CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO3 → H* + HCO3 represents the carbon dioxide equilibrium. The forward and reverse components of the reaction can be explained as follows:  H₂CO3 has two possible reactions: It either releases a hydrogen ion (H+) and forms bicarbonate (HCO3-) or it releases two hydrogen ions (2H+) to form carbonate (CO32-) and water (H₂O).

CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO3 → H+ + HCO3Reverse component of the reactionWhen hydrogen ions (H+) are added to bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) or carbonate ions (CO32-), the reverse reaction takes place and carbonic acid (H₂CO3) is formed. Carbonic acid (H₂CO3) can also be decomposed into carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O).

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The half-reactions for a galvanic cell with Zn and Ni electrodes are,

Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e- (oxidation half-reaction) and Ni2+(aq) + 2e- → Ni(s) (reduction half-reaction)

The correct option is option D. Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e and Ni2+(aq) + 2e → Ni(s).

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Explanation:

In visual arts and particularly cinematography, framing is the presentation of visual elements in an image, especially the placement of the subject in relation to other objects. Framing can make an image more aesthetically pleasing and keep the viewer's focus on the framed object(s).

The following opttions correctly describe the general mechanmism for electrophilic aromatic substition is A. an electrophile attacking the aromatic ring and forming a resonance-stabilized intermediate.

This intermediate then undergoes deprotonation to reform the aromatic ring. The electrophile is typically a positively charged species or a species that can be easily protonated to form a positively charged intermediate. The mechanism is classified as electrophilic because the electrophile is attracted to the electron-rich pi electrons of the aromatic ring. The first step of the mechanism involves the generation of the electrophile, which can be done through various methods such as nitration, halogenation, sulfonation, and Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation.

The electrophile then attacks the ring, forming a carbocation intermediate that is stabilized through resonance. The intermediate is then deprotonated by a base to reform the aromatic ring. The final product will have the electrophile attached to the ring in place of a hydrogen atom. Overall, the general mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution involves the generation of an electrophile, its attack on the aromatic ring, and the subsequent deprotonation to reform the aromatic ring. So therefore the correct answer is A. an electrophile attacking the aromatic ring and forming a resonance-stabilized intermediate.

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1. The volume of the gas is 40.6 mL

2. This is synthesis reaction

3. The reaction is 3H2 + N2 ---> 2NH3 and the number of moles are balanced.

4. The total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of teh products

5. We would have 0.12 moles of ammonia

The general gas law shows us the relationship between the temperature, pressure and volume of a gas all at once.

Using the general gas equation;

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

P1V1T2 = P2V2T1

V2 = P1V1T2/P2T1

V2 = 45 * 97.5 * 273/101.3 * 291

= 40.6 mL

Using the  ideal gas law;

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 1.2 * 4/0.082 * 323

n = 0.18 moles

If 3 moles of hydrogen produce 2 moles of ammonia

0.18 moles of hydrogen produces 0.18 * 2/3

= 0.12 moles of ammonia

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Answer:

brown and silver

Explanation:

The volume of carbon dioxide measured at 25 °C and 741 torr is 12.5L.

How is volume related to temperature?

The Charles' law concept was later updated by Joseph Gay-Lussac and generalized in 1802. At extremely high temperatures and low pressures, gases adhere to Charles' law. It can be obtained from the kinetic theory of gases under the assumption of an ideal gas and is a specific case of the general gas law.

The volume of a fixed mass of gas is linearly proportional to temperature at constant pressure.

"The volume of a fixed mass of a gas reduces when it is cooled and rises when the temperature is raised. The volume of the gas rises by 1/273 of its initial volume at 0 °C for every degree of temperature rise. Let Vo and Vt represent the gas's volumes at 0 C and t C, respectively.

The balanced equation is :

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) => CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

50 g of CaCO3 × 1mole/100.1 g × 1 mol CO2 / 1 mol CaCO3 = 0.50 mol CO2

2.00 M HCl × 0.750 L/ 1mol × 1 mol CO2 / 2 mol HCl = 0.75 mol CO2

CaCO3 is the limiting reagent.

So, 0.50 mol CO2 will be produced.

V = 0.50 × 0.0821 L atm mol -1 K -1 ×(25+273) / 741 torr ×{ 1 atm /760 torr}

Volume = 12.5 L

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With no change in temperature or amount of gas, the pressure of ideal gas approximation is 4.83 atm.

We need to know about the ideal gas theory to solve this problem. The ideal gas is assumed that there is no interaction between particles in a gas. It can be determined by the equation

P . V = n . R . T

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles gas, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.

From the question above, we know that

V1 = 5.1 L

V2 = 9.29 L

P2 = 2.65

When the initial and final temperature is the same, we can use the ratio of pressure and volume as

P1 . V1 = P2 . V2

P1 . 5.1 = 2.65 . 9.29

P1 = 4.83 atm

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Answer:

Water molecules feature the combinations of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 2:1 ratio. Since they are present in a fixed ratio of mass, water molecules obey the law of constant proportions. Water is formed when two molecules of the diatomic hydrogen gas, combine with one molecule of the diatomic oxygen gas to produce two molecules of water

It is important to note that without additional information about the specific chemicals in containers A and B, we cannot determine their identities with certainty.

1. When the sample from container A dissolved, the temperature of the solution decreased by 0.02°C. This indicates an endothermic reaction, where heat is absorbed from the surroundings.
2. When the sample from container B dissolved, the temperature increased by 0.58°C. This indicates an exothermic reaction, where heat is released to the surroundings.

Based on these observations, we can conclude that the chemical in container A is likely an endothermic substance that absorbs heat from its surroundings when it dissolves. Conversely, the chemical in container B is likely an exothermic substance that releases heat to its surroundings when it dissolves.

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Bond formation is the way in which atoms interact to form compounds.

Bond formation is the way in which atoms interact to form compounds. The following are the kind of bonds formed by the atoms;

C and AI - ionic bond

N and P - covalent bond

N and O - covalent bond

The bonds in each of the lattices are;

CuO - ionic bond

Hg - metallic bond

P2O5 - covalent bond

P - covalent bond

CaCl2 - ionic bond

The following is a depiction of the processes shown;

Na0 →Na+1 - oxidation

P0→P+5  - oxidation

AI+3 → AI0 - reduction

The balanced reaction equations are;

2H2O + F2 → 2HF + O2

SO2 + 3H2 → H2S + 2H2O

2H2SO4 + C → 2SO2+CO2+2H2O

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Answer:  The yield of this reaction is:  76.3 % .

Explanation:

Percent yield  = actual yield / theoretical yield  *  100% ;

To calculate the percent yield:
The actual yield given is 26.1 g {grams].

The theoretical yield given is 32.4 g [grams].

Now, to calculate the percent yield:
Percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield * 100%  ;

                      = 26.1 / 34.2  * 100%

                       = 0.76315789473 * 100%

                       = 76.3 % ⇒  Note that we keep 3 significant figures.

_____
Source used:  Web2.0 Online Scientific Calculator.

_____

Hope this is helpful!

Formal charge on an atom is calculated by subtracting the amount of valence electrons associated with the atom from the number of electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure of a molecule.

To calculate the formal charge on a second-row atom, we must first determine the molecule's Lewis structure. The formal charge on the second-row atoms cannot be determined without knowing the Lewis structure.  the formal charge on each second-row atom: 2xsafari o charge on an atom is calculated by subtracting the amount of valence electrons associated with the atom from the number of electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure of a molecule. calculate the formal charge on a second-row atom, we must first determine the molecule's Lewis structure.

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Answer:

because the gravity of the ball can't go that high

There is a law called conservation of energy which states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. It can be only transferred from one form to another form. Therefore, some energy is lost  to the environment as sound or heat.

Energy transfer is a phenomenon in which energy transfer from one matter to another matter. Energy can be transferred in two forms that are by doing work or by transferring heat.

Heat can be transferred by three ways conduction, convention and radiation. In conduction, when two object are in direct contact, transfer of molecules takes place. As the ball impacted the ground, the energy would have been lost to the environment as sound or heat.

Therefore, some energy is lost  to the environment as sound or heat.

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The type of attraction that results from the formation of weak momentary dipoles is dispersion (van der Waals) forces. These forces occur between nonpolar molecules or atoms and arise due to the temporary shifting of electrons in one atom or molecule, which then induces a temporary shift in electrons in another atom or molecule.

A dipole moment measures the separation of electrical charges in a molecule or compound. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge on each end of the polar bond and the distance between them.

A temporary dipole moment is created due to the shifting of electrons within a molecule or atom. Electrons are constantly moving and randomly distributed within an atom or molecule. At any given moment, the electrons may be more heavily concentrated on one side of the molecule or atom, creating a temporary dipole moment.

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This is because the bond angle is determined by the number of lone pairs and bonded atoms around the central atom. The correct answer is (2) OF2 < SnF2 < XeF2.

Oxygen in OF2 has 2 lone pairs and 2 bonded atoms, resulting in a smaller bond angle than the other two molecules. Tin in SnF2 has 2 lone pairs and 2 bonded atoms as well, but its larger size allows for a larger bond angle than OF2. Finally, xenon in XeF2 has 3 lone pairs and 2 bonded atoms, resulting in the largest bond angle among the three molecules.
The molecules in order of increasing bond angles. Based on the given options, the correct order is:
(3) SnF2 < OF2 < XeF2
1. SnF2 has a bent molecular geometry with a bond angle of less than 109.5° due to the influence of the lone pair on the Sn atom.
2. OF2 has a bent molecular geometry as well, but with a bond angle of approximately 109.5° because of the two lone pairs on the O atom and the strong electronegativity of the O atom.
3. XeF2 has a linear molecular geometry with a bond angle of 180° due to the presence of three lone pairs on the Xe atom.
So, the order of increasing bond angles is SnF2 < OF2 < XeF2.

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Answer:

13.18

Explanation:

We'll begin by calculating the hydrogen ion concentration, [H⁺] in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

HCl (aq) —> H⁺(aq) + Cl¯(aq)

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of HCl dissociate to produce 1 mole of H⁺.

Therefore, 0.15 M HCl will also dissociate to produce 0.15 M H⁺.

Thus, the concentration of the hydrogen ion, [H⁺] in the solution is 0.15 M.

Next, we shall determine the pH of the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Concentration of the hydrogen ion, [H⁺] = 0.15 M.

pH =?

pH = – Log[H⁺]

pH = – Log 0.15

pH = 0.82

Finally, we shall determine the pOH of the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

pH = 0.82

pOH =?

pH + pOH = 14

0.82 + pOH = 14

Collect like terms

pOH = 14 – 0.82

pOH = 13.18

Therefore, the pOH of the solution is 13.18

The pOH of the solution is 13.18 when a solution of 0.15 M HCl (aq) is present.

The potential of hydrogen; a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution equal to the common logarithm of the reciprocal of the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per cubic decimetre of solution.

Concentration of the hydrogen ion, [H⁺] = 0.15 M.

pH =?

pH = – Log[H⁺]

pH = – Log 0.15

pH = 0.82

Finally, we shall determine the pOH of the solution. This can be obtained as follow:

pH = 0.82

pOH =?

pH + pOH = 14

0.82 + pOH = 14

pOH = 14 – 0.82

pOH = 13.18

Therefore, the pOH of the solution is 13.18

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