The sources of power available to police managers include legitimate power, coercive power, reward power, expert power, and referent power.
Legitimate power stems from the formal authority of a police manager's position within the organization. Coercive power involves the ability to enforce compliance through punishment or the threat of punishment. Reward power is based on the capacity to provide incentives or benefits to subordinates. Expert power arises from the police manager's specialized knowledge or skills, and referent power comes from the respect and admiration that others have for the manager.
The most effective source of power for police managers is expert power. This is because it enables them to gain the trust and respect of their subordinates through their expertise, knowledge, and experience. When police managers demonstrate their competence, they can guide their team more effectively, leading to better decision-making, problem-solving, and overall performance. Expert power also fosters a positive working environment where subordinates are more likely to be motivated, committed, and engaged in their duties.
By leveraging expert power, police managers can promote professional development, encourage learning, and inspire their teams to achieve higher standards. This approach ultimately contributes to the success of the organization and the well-being of the community it serves.
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How did the conflict between Federalists and Republicans over the judiciary lead to a balance of power among political interests and different branches of government? Is it accurate to say that the Federalist Party continued to shape America for decades through the agency of John Marshall's Supreme Court?
By creating the notion of judicial review, the fight between Federalists and Republicans over the judiciary contributed to a balance of power between political interests and the other arms of government.
The Supreme Court's authority to interpret the Constitution and judge whether legislation are constitutional was asserted by the Federalists, who were led by Chief Justice John Marshall. This approach made guaranteed that the court acted as a check on the other branches' acts, preventing possible power abuses. The Federalist Party's viewpoints and interpretations of the Constitution persisted in shaping America's legal and political landscape for decades as a result of Marshall's significant decisions, such as in Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, and Gibbons v. Ogden.
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how does human rights law differ from the law of war? (the law of war and other bodies of law
Human rights law and the law of war, also known as international humanitarian law, are two distinct legal frameworks that govern different aspects of human conduct in different contexts.
Human rights law is a body of international law that focuses on the protection and promotion of the inherent rights and dignity of all individuals, regardless of their nationality, ethnicity, gender, or any other status. It encompasses a wide range of civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, such as the right to life, freedom of expression, equality, and non-discrimination. Human rights law applies during peacetime and in situations of armed conflict, and it places obligations on states to respect, protect, and fulfill the rights of individuals within their jurisdiction.
On the other hand, the law of war or international humanitarian law specifically deals with the rules and principles that apply during armed conflicts. It aims to regulate the conduct of parties to the conflict, including states and non-state armed groups, in order to limit the suffering caused by armed conflict and protect those who are not taking part in hostilities, such as civilians, prisoners of war, and the wounded. The law of war includes principles such as the distinction between combatants and civilians, prohibition of targeting civilians or using excessive force, and respect for humanitarian assistance and medical personnel.
While human rights law applies in both times of peace and conflict, the law of war specifically addresses the conduct of parties involved in armed conflicts and provides guidelines to mitigate the humanitarian impact of war. It is important to note that both frameworks complement each other and share common principles, such as the protection of human dignity and the prohibition of torture, genocide, and other grave crimes. However, the law of war focuses specifically on situations of armed conflict and the conduct of parties involved, while human rights law has a broader scope encompassing all aspects of human rights in various contexts.
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What is the name for professionals hired to prevent people from intruding, trespassing, or vandalizing certain individuals or properties?
A.
Secret Service agents
B.
Private security officers
OC.
Public police officers
O D. Public safety agents
The professionals hired to prevent people from intruding, trespassing, or vandalizing certain individuals or properties are named Private security officers. Thus option B is correct.
What is the importance of Private security officers?The first line of protection for a building or set of properties is a private security officer. Guards are used to safeguard a variety of assets, including the safety of the building or grounds, guests, and clients, as well as equipment, cash, or goods.
They support the protection of crucial locations such as companies, banks, and schools. These specialists engaged to prevent other people from entering on, breaking into or vandalizing specific people or properties
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
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in relation to marijuana traffic stops in kansas, the case of horton v. california effectively removed which requirement, previously embedded in the application of the plain view doctrine in warrantless search and seizures?
The United States Supreme Court dealt with the plain view doctrine in the case of a Horton v. California which discussed warrantless search and seizure.
In the Horton v. California case, the requirement that law enforcement officers have reasonable cause to believe that an item in plain view is contraband or proof of a crime before they can seize it without a warrant was eliminated. The plain view doctrine called for officers to have a legal right of access to the object and a strong suspicion that it is related criminal to activity prior to this case.
The Supreme Court ruled in Horton, however, that the requirement of a lawful right of access was unnecessary and that police only required probable cause to take something out of plain sight without a warrant.
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Ahmir agrees to purchase a shipment of oriental rugs from Oriental Rug Company for the price of $50,000, to be delivered on August 15. On July 15, Ahmir notifies Oriental that he no longer wants to purchase the rugs. Oriental spends $1,000 to advertise the rugs and obtains a new purchaser who buys the rugs for $40,000. Oriental then sues Ahmir for breach of contract. If Oriental is successful in its breach of contract suit against Ahmir, Oriental may receive: $11,000 from Ahmir. nothing from Ahmir, because Oriental was successful in reselling the rugs. $50,000 from Ahmir. $10,000 from Ahmir.
If Oriental Rug Company is successful in their breach of contract suit against Ahmir, they may receive $11,000 from Ahmir.
This is because even though Oriental was able to resell the rugs for $40,000, they had to spend $1,000 on advertising and were not able to receive the full $50,000 that was agreed upon in the contract with Ahmir.
Therefore, Ahmir is still responsible for the difference between the resold price and the original contract price, which is $10,000.
Additionally, Ahmir breached the contract by not purchasing the rugs as agreed upon, so they are still liable for damages incurred by Oriental Rug Company.
It is important for parties to honor their contractual obligations and to be aware of the potential consequences of breaching a contract.
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It is the responsibility of _________________ to make sure that the data is collected and used without violating any privacy laws or regulations, and that the data is stored securely.
It is the responsibility of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) to make sure that the data is collected and used without violating any privacy laws or regulations, and that the data is stored securely.
The chief information security officer (CISO) of an organization serves as its leader and public face when it comes to matters of data security. The data security officer's duties include coming up with plans for protecting information in the event of an attack and implementing those plans. A CISO's initial step in this direction is to inventory the company's sensitive data and record it in a central repository. In this manner, they may learn about the threats to this data and the weaknesses in the existing IT infrastructure. From this, they may develop comprehensive policies and put in place targeted technologies to safeguard this information and keep their businesses in accordance with privacy legislation controlling sensitive data.
CISOs will also be responsible for disseminating information about cybersecurity to the rest of the organization, including but not limited to: threats, vulnerabilities in the cybersecurity environment, best practices for mitigating those vulnerabilities, the value of implementing new cybersecurity technology, recommendations for employee cybersecurity training, and breach or incident response plans. The CISO is ultimately responsible for responding to and recovering from any threat.
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If I were to add alcohol to the education system what problems would I CREATE? Meaning what problems would I create if I taught kids about alcohol in school as a module?
A lot of people don't understand this question.
Answer:
reducing the number of hours committed to studying
Explanation:
hope it helps
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you can bring alcohol in school of it's your project or if your using it on science
Alcohol use could also affect performance by reducing the number of hours committed to studying, completing homework assignments, and attending school. ... Both studies found that drinking had a direct negative effect on GPA and an indirect negative effect through reduced study hours.hope it helps\( \: \: \: \: \: \)
Information released to providers is limited to whether the claim was received, processed, and approved or denied. true or false?
When a healthcare provider requests a claim be reviewed because they believe it was either wrongly paid or refused due to processing issues, the claim is reexamined. A reconsideration request, initial review request, or initial claim request is what is referred to as an appeal.
What is a initial claim request?To see if you have received a payment, check online at 'View Benefit Payments'. Your claim is being examined, and you will be informed of any steps you need to take to address the unresolved issues at hand. Your biweekly claims should still be sent, thanks. "An individual is excluded from receiving unemployment compensation payments if the director concludes that he or she quit their most recent job willingly and without justification or that they were fired for wrongdoing related to their most recent job."If you are eligible for both the unpaid waiting period and the payment term, your initial certification will often include both.To learn more about initial claim request, refer to:
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Select the correct answer. Steven wants to become a member of the labor union. Which law gives him the right to do so? a. Civil rights act b. Fair labor standards act c. Occupational safety and health act d. Wagner act e. Equal pay act.
If Steven wishes to join a union, the Wagner Act will grant him the ability to do so. The right answer is (d).
It required employers to engage in collective bargaining with unions chosen by a majority of the workers in a suitable bargaining unit, and it granted employees the right to create and join unions under Section 7. Employees would have the "right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid and protection," according to Wagner of New York.
The Wagner Act was fiercely opposed by Republicans and big business, and it was challenged in court as an unconstitutional intrusion by the federal government in sectors of the economy that Congress had no authority to regulate because it violated the "freedom of contract" of employers and employees. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935, sometimes referred to as the Wagner Act, is a key piece of American labor legislation that protects employees working in the private sector's ability to form unions, participate in collective bargaining, and take collective action like strikes.
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The Safety Responsibility Law was designed to remove irresponsible drivers from Georgia highways and to protect insured motorists from uninsured motorists. True are false
Answer: True
Explanation:
This law, enacted in 1945, aims to exclude irresponsible drivers from driving and to protect insured drivers from the uninsured ones. To do so, the law states that those who fail to satisfy a claim for damages caused by a motor vehicle crash must have their driving license suspended for one year. The main goal of the law is to avoid having people suffering injuries in crashes caused by uninsured motorists, and it ends up encouraging motorists to purchase liability insurance.
When a psychologist simply records the relationship between two variables without manipulating them, it is called a – study. The observed relationship does not by itself reveal which variable – the other. This is the – problem. Also, the relationship may be due to a – controlling both of the observed variables.
Answer:
The Correct approach will be "correlational, causes, directionality and third variable".
Explanation:
Correlational studies are little more than an investigation that is sometimes used throughout psychology as either a preparatory method for gathering information about a particular topic and within circumstances where it would not be sufficient to execute a research project.The method described in the previous section usually includes investigates the relationships between two or even more independent variables.Because then the answer is indeed the correct one.
The correlational studiesis a research where the researcher measures two variables and assesses the statistical relationship between them.
When psychologist records the relationship between two variables without manipulating them, it is called a correlational study.The observed relationship does not by itself reveal which variable causes the other and this is the directionally problem. Also, the relationship may be due to a third variable controlling both of the observed variables.Read more about correlational study
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Where is soil evidence most likely to be found?
Soil evidence can be found in a assortment of areas, depending on the sort of prove being looked for. Here are a few conceivable areas where soil prove may well be found
Where is soil evidence most likely to be found?Crime scenes: Soil can give vital measurable prove in criminal examinations. For case, soil tests from a suspect's shoes or car tires can be compared to soil found at a wrongdoing scene to decide in case they coordinate.
Archeological locales: Archeologists frequently unearth soil layers to reveal artifacts, highlights, and other prove of past human action.
Natural observing locales: Soil tests can be taken from checking locales to test for contamination, supplement levels, and other natural variables.
Generally, soil prove can be found in a wide run of areas, depending on the particular setting and reason of the examination.
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For or againt ome people think the court hould never diregard precedent or allow ocietal influence to affect their deciion
The term precedent refers to a court decision that serves as a guide for handling similar legal questions or cases with the same or comparable facts in the future.
A court decision used as a guide for the future is known as a judicial precedent. This is known as stare decisis (Latin for standing on a ruling), and it establishes precedents as authoritative, conclusive, and deserving of adherence. A court decision used as a guide for future judgement is known as a judicial precedent. As persuasion is a major component of the courtroom, social influence can have a significant impact on the choices that lawyers, judges, and jurors make. This essay offers solutions to the who, what, when, where, why, and how issues to give lawyers more assurance when deciding whether to settle or go to trial.
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2. The concept of one car length of space between two vehicles for every ten miles per hour is the most current method of computing following distance. True or false?
Answer:
False
Explanation:
It is the 3 second rule
The statement that the conception of one car length of space between two vehicles for every ten miles per hour is the most current method of computing following distance is false.
What is distance?Distance is defined as a numerical representation of the distance between two objects. The term “distance” can be called as the physical measurement or an estimate based on other factors.
The given statement is the case of 3-second rule, means allow three full seconds between yourself and the vehicle in front of any person.
This can be done by using a limited point leading such as a sign that see on the side of the road, and then count “one-thousand-one, one-thousand- two, one-thousand-three.
Therefore, the given statement is false.
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Criminal profilers are studying a case in which there have been a string of home robberies. In each home, one murder has occurred. The profilers use what knowledge they have about the crimes and possible psychological clues to describe a possible suspect. This is called a
a, behavioral sketch
b, physical sketch
c, criminal hypothesis
d, pneumography
Answer:
a, behavioral sketch
Explanation:
not only did I take this exam, but the question emphasizes "possible psychological clues" and talks of what the crimes have in common. This would led to the answer being phycology related.
b, physical sketch is incorrect since this refers to a physical drawing which cannot express/draw psychological concepts.
c, criminal hypothesis is wrong, because not only has that never been a idea/concept/term taught but hypothesis is a step of the scientific method which is a module 9 concept, not a module 12 one.
d, pneumography is wrong since it is pneumographs are two rubber tubes filled with air that measure one's respiratory rate.
_ is the criminal equivalent of the civil tort known as false
imprisonment, in which someone is restrained by another without
consent and without any lawful right to do so.
The criminal equivalent of the civil tort known as false imprisonment is called "Unlawful Restraint" or "Unlawful Detention." Unlawful restraint occurs when one person intentionally restricts the freedom and movement of another individual without their consent and without any legal justification or authority to do so. It involves confining or restraining someone against their will, restricting their liberty and freedom of movement.
The key elements of unlawful restraint in criminal law are similar to those in the civil tort of false imprisonment. These elements include the intentional act of restraining someone, the lack of consent from the person being restrained, and the absence of any lawful authority or justification for the restraint. The act must involve a significant interference with the individual's liberty, such as physically restraining them, confining them to a specific space, or preventing them from leaving a particular area.
Unlawful restraint is considered a criminal offense because it violates an individual's fundamental right to personal liberty and freedom of movement. It is generally treated as a misdemeanor or a lower-level offense, although the severity of the offense and the potential penalties can vary depending on the jurisdiction and specific circumstances.
It is important to note that unlawful restraint is a distinct criminal offense separate from other crimes involving confinement or restraint, such as kidnapping or false imprisonment. While the elements of these offenses may overlap to some extent, unlawful restraint specifically focuses on situations where an individual is unlawfully restrained without consent and without any lawful authority to do so.
In summary, unlawful restraint is the criminal equivalent of the civil tort of false imprisonment. It involves intentionally restraining someone without their consent and without any legal right to do so. This offense infringes upon an individual's freedom of movement and personal liberty, and it is considered a criminal offense punishable under the law.
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Glen is a dairy farmer who owns 500 milk cows. His fences are in poor repair, and his cows are often found eating the grass on Hank's land. Hank believes that Glen is responsible for damages to Hank's land on a theory of strict liability. The court will most likely find that Glen is:
Answer:
I would say that Glen is responsible for all of the damages that are caused to Hank's land because the cows belong Glen and it is Glen's responsibility to fix things that are broken on his land so that way the animals don't escape. There fore I would say that Glen is responsible for the damages because he failed to keep his cows under control.
Explanation:
Which law enforcement agency in a state is most likely to manage a statewide law enforcement training academy? the state police the Federal Bureau of Investigation the police department in the state capital the sheriff’s office in the state’s largest county
Answer: State Police
Explanation: Under most circumstances, the Federal Bureau of Investigations does not have the authority to intervene with state affairs unless they are fulfilling their investigative duties (which they are not in this example). The police department in the state capital is a municipal/local police department that does not have state-level authority, as well as a county sheriff's office. The ultimate law enforcement agency within a state would be the department of law enforcement (or equivalent) or the state patrol. Since the department of law enforcement is not an option, it has to be the state police.
Further Explanation: States have their own constitution that dictates what the responsibility of each government department or agency is. A majority of the time, the state police department is the highest law enforcement authority, and may also be responsible for certifying officers of the state.
what did political theorist john stuart mill argue for? A. freedom from government B. free traffic of ideas C. free love D. free access to healthcare
Political theorist John Stuart Mill argued for B. free traffic of ideas.
Mill believed in the importance of individual liberty and freedom of expression. He argued that individuals should be free to express their ideas and opinions without interference from the government or other authorities.
This freedom of expression, or "free traffic of ideas," is essential for the pursuit of truth and the development of society. Mill also believed that this freedom should extend to all aspects of life, including religion, politics, and personal relationships.
However, he did recognize the need for some limits on individual liberty, such as when one's actions harm others.
Hence Option B is correct.
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by federal law, when can women elect to have an abortion without legal restrictions? group of answer choices in the first trimester through the second trimester through the third trimester at no time without restrictions
By federal law, women can elect to have an abortion without legal restrictions during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Federal law includes acts of Congress, presidential executive orders, and judgements of federal courts rendered in accordance with the Constitution. The Supreme Court has the authority to issue final determinations about federal laws in certain instances that are brought before them through the system of checks and balances.
The Supreme Court has the authority to issue final determinations about federal laws in certain instances that are brought before them through the system of checks and balances. In 1819, the Supreme Court issued a landmark decision in McCulloch v. Maryland that forbade state legislatures from taxing federal institutions. This was a pivotal event for federalism in the United States because it established the superior connection between federal laws and competing State laws. The United States Code contains a codification of federal legislation.
According to a theory put forth by Professor Scott Dodson, American federal law affects state law in some discernible ways. He likens this gravitational force—which is not "inexorable"—to a gravitational force that encourages state actors to draught legislation that is in line with, or at least closely parallels, federal legislation.
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If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. -James Madison, Federalist Paper No. 51
Which of the following supports Madison's belief that internal and external controls on government are necessary?
Attorneys pay a federal judge in exchange for favorable rulings.
What is meant by Attorney?a person who is authorized to act on behalf of another: You can appoint an attorney to represent you. Also, look. prosecutor in charge
The fact that an individual must successfully pass a bar exam and become a member of a state bar association to be considered an attorney.
In the United States, for instance, the term "advocate" refers to any lawyer who has passed the bar exam and is authorized to practice law in a particular jurisdiction. While some lawyers are able to perform the duties of lawyers, not all lawyers can act as lawyers.
A court practitioner licensed by the state to defend a client or prosecute individuals accused of breaking the law is also a definition of an attorney-at-law. Even though they are not synonyms, the terms "attorney" and "lawyer" are frequently used interchangeably in the United States due to their similarity.
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Madison believed that internal and external controls on government were necessary because he believed that human nature is flawed and that power corrupts. He believed that without checks and balances, those in positions of power would abuse their authority and that this could lead to the erosion of individual rights and freedoms.
Write in detail about Federalist Paper No. 51.
In Federalist Paper No. 51, Madison famously wrote that "If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary." This statement underscores Madison's belief that, since humans are not angels and therefore susceptible to corruption, it is necessary to have both internal controls, such as a system of checks and balances among different branches of government, and external controls, such as the ability of the people to elect their leaders and hold them accountable.
Hence, the answer is, Madison's belief that internal and external controls on government are necessary was based on his understanding of human nature and the need to protect individual rights and freedoms from the abuse of power by those in government.
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A young woman goes missing in the area around a state park. Years later, two fishermen happen upon what looks like a human bone sticking out of the riverbank. Investigators immediately think of the young woman, but they need an expert to tell them if the bone is connected to their case. What forensic expert would the investigators call for help in this situation?
Answer: An Anthropologist because they study bones
Explanation: Make sure to add the questions so we know how to answer
Which describes a sole proprietor? 1. A corporated business that has only one owner and a partner. 2. A business that that has one employee, one manager and two owners.
3. An unincorporated business that has only one owner who is also the manager and employee. 4. An unincoporated business that is owned by two people, but the partnership is not equal.
The term that describes a sole proprietor is 3. An unincorporated business that has only one owner who is also the manager and employee.
Who is a sole proprietor ?A sole proprietorship is a type of business entity that is owned and operated by a single person. It is an unincorporated business, meaning that it is not a separate legal entity from the owner. As a sole proprietor, the owner is personally responsible for all aspects of the business, including its debts and liabilities.
The owner of a sole proprietorship typically serves as the manager and employee of the business. This means that they are responsible for making all business decisions and carrying out all necessary tasks.
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Question 6 of 10
A judge may be asked to decide that a Complaint has no legal remedy under
the law by submitting a
A. Motion for Nuisance Suits
B. Motion to Suppress the Complaint
C. Motion for Summary Judgment
D. Motion to Dismiss
SUBMIT
Answer:
D. motion to dismiss
Explanation:
which of the following actions is not protected under the freedom of expression contained in the first amendment?
Obscenity is never protected under the freedom of expression contained in the first amendment.
Only speech that can be proven to fall into a few specific, limited categories of speech is not covered by the First Amendment. Obscenity, child obscenity, defamatory language, false advertising, genuine threats, and fighting words are examples of unprotected speech.
Obscenity is the name given to a specific subset of obscenity that offends modern social norms and has no redeeming literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. Most obscenity, which is sexually suggestive material that appeals to many readers and viewers, is protected by the constitution, at least for adults.
The question is incomplete, complete question will be "Which of the following types of speech is NOT protected by the First Amendment? (check all that apply)
Obscenity, Hate Speech, True Threats, Offensive Speech, Defamation,
False Advertisements"
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A construction contractor brought a breach of contract claim in federal court against a homeowner who had hired the contractor to build an apartment over an existing garage. The action turned on the scope of the work covered by the contract. The contractor and the homeowner were the only witnesses at the bench trial, and they strongly disagreed about the scope of the work. At the end of the trial, the judge stated findings of fact on the record but never issued a written opinion. Neither party objected to the findings. The judge found in favor of the homeowner, and the contractor appealed. Is the appellate court likely to overturn the findings?
Answer:
No, because the appellate court must give due regard to the trial judge's opportunity to determine witness credibility.
Explanation:
Appellate courts or appeal courts are those that are empowered to review judgements that have been given at trial by lower courts.
Appeal courts exist at the state and federal level and they do not use a jury to review judgements.
In the given instance the construction contractor and home owner did not disagree on the findings of the trial judge and never issued a written opinion.
The appeal court is not likely to overturn the findings because they must give due regard to the trial judge's opportunity to determine witness credibility.
The trial judge should give a written opinion on the matter before the appeal court can delibrate
Identify the limitations of a junior driver's license.
Answer:
I believe you cannot drive others before you’ve driven for a year
Explanation:
who wrote: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.” ?
a learning style through which a skill is acquired when a student learns through experience is called
Cathy was incarcerated because she has a history of physical and mental abuse of her stepchildren. She has been held in custody for an extended period after her incarceration term ended because she has the possibility of becoming violent, which is also known as:
Answer:
Preventative detention
Explanation:
Preventative detention is a form of incarceration that is given when the detained party is thought of as harmful to the society.
They are detained to prevent further acts of violence or crime in the community.in which they live.
In the given scenario Cathy has a history of physical and mental abuse of her stepchildren.
Releasing her will most likely lead to further abuse on the step children.
This was done to prevent further acts of violence from her.