When translating secretory or membrane proteins, ribosomes are directed to the ER membrane by a signal sequence present in the nascent polypeptide.
The membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of protein synthesis and folding for the secretory, plasma membrane, and many organellar proteins. Translating proteins at the ER membrane is accomplished with the assistance of two types of ribosomes, free ribosomes and membrane-bound ribosomes, according to the type of proteins synthesized. Secretory proteins, plasma membrane proteins, and organellar proteins are synthesized on the membrane-bound ribosomes, while other proteins are synthesized on the free ribosomes.
A signal sequence is required for ribosomes to direct secretory and membrane proteins to the ER membrane. The signal sequence is a region of about 15 to 60 amino acids located at the N-terminus of a nascent polypeptide that is being synthesized on a ribosome. The signal sequence, which is exposed to the cytoplasm, binds to a signal recognition particle (SRP), which arrests translation and directs the nascent polypeptide to the membrane-bound ribosomes.
SRP binds to the SRP receptor, which is a transmembrane protein located in the ER membrane, and delivers the nascent polypeptide to the translocon, which is a proteinaceous channel in the ER membrane. After being translocated into the ER lumen, the nascent polypeptide is folded, modified, and transported to its final destination by the vesicular transport system.
Learn more about membrane protein on:
https://brainly.com/question/30707749
#SPJ11
About how much of Earth’s surface is covered by the Pacific Ocean? Identify the locations of at least two major mountain chains that extend over more than one continent.
Answer: covering more than 30%
Explanation:
8) a general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for atp production, is that the animal should have access to
A general rule relating to the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for the biosynthesis of cellular components is that D) the diet matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
In the field of biology, a food pyramid determines the optimal levels of a particular serving that an organism needs to eat in order to fulfill the required nutrition level.
It is only when the diet matches the food pyramid that an animal's digestive system will be able to provide substrates that are required for the biosynthesis of cellular components. These substrates are derived from the energy of the food.
When the diet matched the food pyramid, then there will be the required nutrition available needed for the production of ATP molecules.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to
A) a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
B) a diet low in lipids and high in protein.
C) a low-calorie diet with a large intake of fluids, especially water.
D) a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species.
E) a diet that maximizes vitamins and minerals.
To learn more about food pyramid, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/26876911
#SPJ4
Xavier is describing the role of electron carriers, such as NADP* in photosynthesis Which property of NADP should Xavier cite? A the chemical bonds formed by electrons in its molecular structure B. its ability to accept and release high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion OC its reactivity with oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide D. its ability to emit a stream of electrons in a nuclear reaction
Answer:
B. its ability to accept and release high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion
Explanation:
which sentence is true of both animal cells and plant cells
The sentence is true of both animal cells and plant cells is that they contain mitochondria that break down molecules into energy.
What are the main difference between plant cell and animal cell?The basic difference between plant cell and animal cell is that plants and animals both are living organisms which are different in structure, function and metabolism. The plant cells exhibit chlorophyll pigment whose function is to trap light energy from the sun which is used for the process of photosynthesis.
Plant and animal cells differ by their structure. The cell wall is the outer covering of the plant cell it provides rigidity and strength to the structure of the plant cell but animal cell lacks the cell wall.
Therefore, The sentence is true of both animal cells and plant cells is that they contain mitochondria that break down molecules into energy.
Learn more about animal cells and plant cells on:
https://brainly.com/question/19867698
#SPJ1
PLEASE HELP
Agricultural burning contributes to what kind of air pollution?
A. Methane
B. Ammonia gas
C. Pesticides
D. Fine particulate matter
Answer:
A. Methane
Explanation:
Methane contributes to air pollution because it is one of the main chemicals released into the air during the production and manufacturing of products, it's also pretty much the same thing with agricultural burning.
Gina’s foster mother told her that all of the snow this past winter had caused some of the local rivers to rise. While they are out hiking in the woods, Gina and her foster mother came up to a lake that looked three times bigger than it was last year. They both agreed the change in the lake was probably also because of all the snow this year. If someone wanted to measure the new size and depth of the lake, what type of survey would they complete?
A.
a geodesic survey
B.
a plane survey
C.
a hydrographic survey
D.
a topographical survey
The kind of survey that would be used is a hydrographic survey. Option C
What is a hydrographic survey?A hydrographic survey is a type of survey used to measure and map the topographic, bathymetric and oceanographic features of a water body such as oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, or canals.
The primary purpose of a hydrographic survey is to gather data that can be used to produce accurate nautical charts and maps, which are used for navigation and to support activities such as maritime transportation, offshore oil and gas exploration, and coastal engineering.
Learn more about survey:https://brainly.com/question/17373064
#SPJ1
which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains?
Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains.
C is the correct option.
Cell division suggests that a process exists that duplicates DNA and provides identical copies for the daughter cells while preserving an accurate picture of the genome. Genetic inheritance is made possible by the DNA replication mechanism, which is present in all living things.
One old template strand and one freshly generated strand make up each of the two DNA molecules produced by the replication process, which is semi-conservative. It serves as the foundation for how genetic information is expressed through protein synthesis. Given that DNA replication happens quickly, there are a number of ways to assure accurate replication and reduce mistakes. DNA replication mistakes or mutations can lead to cancer.
Learn more about Organisms and Eukarya:
https://brainly.com/question/31463542
#SPJ4
The complete question is:
Which of the following sets of data provides evidence that best supports common ancestry for organisms in all three domains?
A. There are autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
B. There is a progression of pathways in organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
C. Organisms in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya each have adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases forming their DNA.
D. There is a progression of cellular organization in organisms found in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Look at the images below and order them from smallest to largest, using 1 for the smallest unit and
3 for the largest
Plant Cell
Atom
Molecule
What is a limiting factor and how can limiting factors limit the size of a
population?
A. A resource that is so scarce (in restricted quantity) that it limits the size of a
population is called a limiting factor. Any single resource can be a limiting factor
to a population size. For example, the amount of water available can affect the
number of plants that can grow in an area.
B. A resource that is so plentiful that it limits the size of a population is called a
limiting factor. Any single resource can be a limiting factor to a population size.
For example, the amount of water available can affect the number of plants that
can grow in an area.
Answer:
A. A resource that is so scarce (in restricted quantity) that it limits the size of a population is called a limiting factor. Any single resource can be a limiting factor to a population size. For example, the amount of water available can affect the number of plants that can grow in an area.
Cual es la "disciplina que se encarga de las reglas de clasificación" cual es la "variedad de seres vivos" cual es "lo que indica la segunda palabra del nombre cientifico"
Answer:
1) Taxonomía y nomenclatura
2) Nombre específico de la especie
Explanation:
1) La disciplina que supervisa las reglas relativas a la clasificación, denominación, descripción e identificación de organismos en biología se conoce como taxonomía y nomenclatura. La taxonomía sirve como fuente de bases armonizadas y unificadas que promueven la organización y el enlace de la diversa información biológica de los organismos.
2) La nomenclatura binomial es el sistema científico de denominación de organismos de manera que el nombre de cada especie consta de dos partes, de las cuales la primera parte es el nombre genérico, mientras que la segunda parte es el nombre específico de la especie dentro del género, por ejemplo, Tyrannosaurus rex, el género es Tyrannosaurus, mientras que la especie es Tyrannosaurus rex.
The high concentration nutrients in sieve tubes causes entry of water through osmosis. It leads to
The high concentration nutrients in sieve tubes causes water to move by osmosis from xylem into the phloem cells.
What is osmosis?Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane as a result of solute concentration gradient.
The The high concentration nutrients in sieve tubes causes entry of water through osmosis. It leads to movement of water from xylem into the phloem cells by osmosis.
In conclusion, osmosis enables movement of water in plants.
Learn more about osmosis at: https://brainly.com/question/2811191
#SPJ1
in ecosystems, the flow of ______________ is one-way, while _________________ are constantly cycled.
A transitional epithelium would be found:__________
a. lining the urinary bladder
b. lining the ducts that drain sweat glands
c. lining kidney tubules
d. lining the stomach
e. at the surface of the skin
A. transitional epithelium would be found a. lining of urinary bladder
what is transitional epithelium?transitional epithelium is made up of several layer of cell. it is a type of stratified epithelium tissue. it has a unique property that it is specialised for stretching. it is mainly found in the lining of urinary bladder. when the bladder fills with urine, the wall of the bladder stretches to accommodate large volume of urine.
TO learn more about transition epithelium refer,
https://brainly.com/question/14890736
#SPJ2
Part I Illuminating Photosynthesis #1 : Fill in this concept map depicting the major steps in photosynthesis in the chloroplast H20 of Photosystem I transfers Word Bank Electron Transport Chain ATP Synthase Calvin Cycle Light NADPH Chlorophyll Protons CO2 Photosystem II Electrons 02 to produce ATP G3P (Sugar Building Block) #2 : Fill in the table: Major Steps in Does this step depend on Experimental variable to What would happen if an Photosynthesis any other step? How? measure? herbicide disrupted this Photosystem II Photosystem l ATP Synthase Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis in chloroplasts involves major steps such as light absorption, electron transport, ATP synthesis, and carbon fixation. It begins with light-dependent reactions in photosystems I and II, followed by electron transport and ATP synthesis.
Step 1: Photosynthesis is a complex process that occurs in the chloroplasts of plants, involving several major steps such as light absorption, electron transport, ATP synthesis, and carbon fixation.
Step 2:Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts, specifically in three main stages: light-dependent reactions, electron transport chain, and the Calvin cycle.
During the light-dependent reactions, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules in photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI). In PSII, water molecules are split, releasing electrons, protons (H+ ions), and oxygen. The electrons move through an electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane. This gradient is essential for ATP synthesis by ATP synthase, using the energy from the electron flow.
In PSI, electrons are re-energized by absorbing more light energy and are ultimately used to produce NADPH, another energy carrier. The ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are then used in the Calvin cycle.
The Calvin cycle, also known as the light-independent reactions or carbon fixation, occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. It uses ATP, NADPH, and carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce glucose (G3P), which serves as a building block for sugars and other organic compounds. The cycle regenerates the starting molecule, ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP), allowing the process to continue.
Learn more about Photosynthesis:
brainly.com/question/29764662
#SPJ11
ANSWER QUICK!!
What is the interaction between bicarbonate and hydrogen ions in the buffer system?
In the buffer system, bicarbonate and hydrogen ions interact in a dynamic equilibrium.
What is a buffer system?
A buffer system is a solution used to maintain a relatively constant pH level in a solution. It is composed of a weak acid or base and its salt. The system works by releasing or absorbing hydrogen ions as needed to counteract any changes in pH, thus keeping the solution at a relatively constant pH.
When the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the bicarbonate molecules react with them to form carbonic acid, which breaks down into water and carbon dioxide. At the same time, the carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, which then breaks down into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, thus restoring the equilibrium. This process helps to maintain the pH of a solution by keeping the concentration of hydrogen ions relatively stable.
Therefore, bicarbonate and hydrogen ions interact in a dynamic equilibrium in the buffer system.
To learn more about buffer system from the link
https://brainly.com/question/22821585
#SPJ1
Where is the stored chemical energy in a substance?!! URGENT
Answer:
Ionic bonds
Explanation:
Answer:
in the bonds that connect the atoms
Explanation:
what is the frequency of a wave that is traveling at a speed of 3.0m/s and has a wavelength of 1.2m
The frequency of the wave is 2.5 Hz.
The following formula must be used to answer this query:
Speed and wavelength together determine frequency.
The wave's speed in this instance is 3.0 m/s, and its wavelength is 1.2 m.
When we enter these values as substitutes in the formula, we obtain:
frequency equals 3.0 m/s / 1.2 m
If we condense this, we get:
2.5 Hz for frequency
Remember that frequency is a measurement of the number of whole waves that pass a spot in a second. The wave in question has a frequency of 2.5 Hz, which indicates that 2.5 whole waves pass a spot in this instance every second.
The relationship between frequency, wavelength, and speed is important in understanding the behavior of waves. If the frequency of a wave increases, the wavelength decreases, while the speed remains constant. Conversely, if the frequency decreases, the wavelength increases, while the speed remains constant. This relationship is known as the wave equation and is fundamental to the study of wave behavior.
For more such questions on frequency
https://brainly.com/question/20408027
#SPJ11
How many valence electrons does magnesium (Mg) have?
Ο Α. 12
B. Six
O C. three
O D. two
Answer:
Magnesium is in the group #2 on the periodic table of elements. This means it has two valence electrons.
Answer:
two
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP ME THIS IS DUE TODAY
what are the reasons for each statement?
(A) a piece of wood is not a living thing
(B) all organisms need to respire
(C) a snake is not an invertebrate
(D) A bat is a vertebrate
(E) A Mushroom is not a plant
(F) A carrot is a plant
(G) All living things need to feed
(H) All bacteria aremicroscopic organisms
(I) A virus is not a living thing
Answer:
a) A piece of wood is not alive because, once it is not part of a tree, it cannot use the energy from sunlight to grow, produce seeds, and make more pieces of wood.
which best describes a g a m e t e
Answer:
A Gamete contains only a single (haploid) a set of chromosomes.
Explanation:
Because the two common gametes are sperm and ova
Ben measures the height of two bottles. One is 12 centimeters and the other is 15 centimeters. In millimeters what is the difference of the two heights
The difference in height between the two bottles is 30 millimeters.
To calculate the difference in height between the two bottles in millimeters, we need to convert the heights from centimeters to millimeters and then subtract one from the other.
First, we convert the height of the first bottle from centimeters to millimeters. Since there are 10 millimeters in a centimeter, we can multiply the height of 12 centimeters by 10 to get the height in millimeters:
12 centimeters * 10 millimeters/centimeter = 120 millimeters.
Next, we convert the height of the second bottle from centimeters to millimeters using the same conversion factor. We multiply the height of 15 centimeters by 10:
15 centimeters * 10 millimeters/centimeter = 150 millimeters.
Now that we have both heights in millimeters, we can calculate the difference. We subtract the height of the first bottle from the height of the second bottle:
150 millimeters - 120 millimeters = 30 millimeters.
Therefore, the difference in height between the two bottles is 30 millimeters.
know more about height here:
https://brainly.com/question/31556472
#SPJ8
Identify and describe the four major parts of the adult brain (i.e., cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum).
The adult brain is composed of four major parts, cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum, each with its own unique functions and characteristics.
The first part is the cerebrum, which is the largest and most complex region of the brain. It is responsible for conscious thought, perception, and voluntary movement, and is divided into two hemispheres that control opposite sides of the body.
The second part is the diencephalon, which is located beneath the cerebrum and contains the thalamus and hypothalamus. The thalamus acts as a relay center for sensory information, while the hypothalamus is involved in regulating many bodily functions such as appetite, thirst, and body temperature.
The third part is the brainstem, which connects the brain to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata and is responsible for controlling basic functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
The fourth and final part is the cerebellum, which is located at the base of the brain and is involved in coordinating movement and balance. It receives sensory information from the eyes, ears, and muscles and uses this information to help control motor functions.
Overall, each part of the adult brain plays a critical role in controlling various bodily functions and behaviors, and all work together to ensure that our bodies are functioning properly.
Learn more about brain here:
brainly.com/question/1247675
#SPJ11
At which of the following temperatures is fresh water most dense?(In Celcius,
water freezes at OC and boils at 100C)
A. -4°C
B. 0°C
C. 4°C
D. 100°C
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Liquid water is more dense that solid water because, solid water has more in it.
Don't forget to rate
If a cell that has mutated to show signs of cancer goes through the cell cycle 3 times, how many cancer cells will be produced?
(remember - cancer cells divide the same way, they just divide much faster than 'normal' cells)
Answer:
8
Explanation: start with 1
1 splits into 2
2 splits into 4
4 splits into 8
Becky is a 4-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition when she speaks. Becky will likely react with
Becky will be a 4-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, as well as lots of repetition when she speaks. Becky will likely react with; Increased attention, Increased eye contact, Smiling and cooing, and Mimicking sounds.
Increased attention; Infants are naturally drawn to high-pitched voices, which often capture their attention. Becky may display heightened interest and focus when her mother speaks in a high-pitched voice.
Increased eye contact; Becky may make more eye contact with her mother when she uses a high-pitched voice and speaks directly to her. Eye contact is an essential aspect of early communication and bonding between infants and caregivers.
Smiling and cooing; Simple words or phrases, along with repetition, can be engaging and stimulating for infants. Becky may respond to her mother's speech by smiling, cooing, or making vocalizations as a way of expressing her interest and enjoyment.
Mimicking sounds; Infants often try to imitate or mirror sounds they hear around them. If Becky's mother repeats certain sounds or words, Becky may attempt to reproduce them, initiating a back-and-forth "conversation" with her mother.
To know more about old infant here
https://brainly.com/question/32256108
#SPJ4
If a 28 base-pair segment of double-stranded DNA contains 7 adenine residues, how many guanine residues are there
If a 28 base-pair segment of double-stranded DNA contains 7 adenine residues, there will also be 7 guanine residues.
In a double-stranded DNA molecule, adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C). This is known as complementary base pairing. Since we know there are 7 adenine residues, we can infer that there are also 7 thymine residues, as they always pair together.
In DNA, the total number of base pairs is equal to the length of the DNA segment. Here, we have a 28 base-pair segment. If there are 7 adenine residues (A-T pairs), and the segment is double-stranded, then there must be 7 thymine residues as well.
Since each base pair consists of two nucleotides (one from each strand), the number of guanine residues (G) should be the same as the number of cytosine residues (C). Therefore, in this 28 base-pair segment, there would be 7 guanine residues (G-C pairs) as well.
To summarize, if a 28 base-pair segment of double-stranded DNA contains 7 adenine residues, there will also be 7 guanine residues.
To know more about double-stranded DNA refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/29433510
#SPJ11
Suppose that a grocery store wants to purchase a variety of apple that will retain as much of its initial firmness as possible when stored at 1 c for 6 months based on table 1 which of the varieties tested would best meet the store selection criterion?
Answer:
Fuji
Explanation:
I believe the right answer would be Fuji
Answer:
Fuji
Explanation:
Animals that lie in cold climates tend to have higher proportions of __________ fatty acid residues in their lipids than do animals that live in warm climates.
state two examples of homozygous pairs
An organism is homozygous (homo meaning "same") for a gene when it possesses two copies of the same allele.
An organism may be homozygous recessive (RR) or homozygous dominant (TT) (tt). Heterozygous refers to an organism that possesses two distinct alleles (Tt) for a certain gene (hetero means different).
What are some examples of homozygous and heterozygous?Homozygous individuals are those who have two copies of the same allele (RR or rr). While heterozygous refers to a particular organism with various alleles (Rr). Assume, for instance, that the hair colour gene has two alleles, one of which codes for brown (R) and the other for black (r).
What does a heterozygous allele pair look like?You have a heterozygous genotype for that gene if the two versions differ from one another. For instance, having one gene for red hair and one allele for brown hair might indicate that you are heterozygous for hair colour are expressed depends on how the two alleles are related.
Learn more about homozygous alleles refer
https://brainly.com/question/7321674
#SPJ9
Which two conditions are required for cloud formation?
A. high humidity and warm temperatures
B. high humidity and cool temperatures
C. warm tempatures and the presence of particles
D. cool tempatures and the presence of particles
moisture and cooling air