Which trait do archaea and bacteria have in common?

Answer:

see below

Explanation:

amplification: MUTATION = a type of mutation

independent assortment: MENDELIAN = how different

genes independently separate from one another

when reproductive cells develop

nondisjunction: MUTATION = a type of chromosomal

mutation

translocation: MUTATION = another type of chromosomal

mutation

codominance: MENDELIAN = a relationship between two

genes where neither allele is recessive and both

are expressed

insertion: MUTATION = a type of mutation

radiation: MUTATION = causes mutations

virus: MUTATION = causes mutations as the virus

replicates

deletion: MUTATION = a type of mutation

law of dominance: MENDELIAN = one of Mendel's laws

of inheritance

sex linked traits: MENDELIAN = linkage is an exception

to Mendel's law of independent assortment

incomplete dominance: MENDELIAN = when none of the

factors of a gene is dominant and there is a blend,

such as a red flower crossed with a white flower

turns out pink

law of segregation: MENDELIAN = one of Mendel's laws

of inheritance

substitution: MUTATION = a type of mutation

In the field of phylogenetics, parsimony is a method used to infer evolutionary relationships among species based on their shared characteristics. Therefore the correct option is option A.

Meaning:

The technique assumes that the most straightforward explanation for a given collection of data is the most likely to be right. In phylogenetics, this suggests that the evolutionary tree with the fewest evolutionary changes, or synapomorphies, is more likely to be correct.

Synapomorphies can be distinguished from homoplasies, which are features that arose separately in different lineages. Parsimony aids in identifying the evolutionary relationships that are most likely to be correct by reducing the number of synapomorphies required to explain the observed data.

Furthermore, parsimony aids in distinguishing convergent evolution from evolutionary reversals. Convergent evolution occurs when separate lineages independently evolve comparable features in response to similar selective pressures.

In contrast, evolutionary reversals occur when a characteristic that was previously dominant disappears.

Conclusion:

In summary, parsimony is a method in phylogenetics that attempts to minimize the number of synapomorphies needed to explain the observed data. Therefore the correct option is option A.

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Answer:

d a discrete combination of traits, for example Masaai cattle herding.

Explanation:

A cultural complex consists of different cultural traits that together create a 'culture'. Thus, a cultural complex can be defined as a group of cultural traits that are functionally interrelated. A cultural trait can in turn be defined as any acquired knowledge that is learned by social interaction and interpersonal relationships. Moreover, a cultural pattern occurs when cultural traits and cultural complexes associate each other in functional roles.

The small intestine is a crucial part of the digestive system and performs three main functions: Digestion and Absorption ,Nutrient Absorption ,Motility

Digestion and Absorption: The small intestine is responsible for breaking down food into smaller components, such as sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids, through the action of digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas and the lining of the small intestine. These smaller components are then absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the rest of the body.

Nutrient Absorption: The small intestine is the site where most of the nutrients from food are absorbed into the bloodstream. The small intestine has a large surface area, which is optimized for efficient nutrient absorption, thanks to its numerous folds and villi (small finger-like projections).

Motility: The small intestine also plays a role in regulating the movement of food through the digestive tract. The walls of the small intestine contract and relax in a coordinated manner, which helps to mix food with digestive juices and move it along the digestive tract.

In summary, the small intestine is a complex organ that performs multiple critical functions in the digestive process, including digestion and absorption of food, nutrient absorption, and regulation of motility. Dysfunction of the small intestine can lead to a range of digestive problems, including malabsorption and malnutrition.

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Answer:

Hydrogen and Helium

Explanation:

The sun is composed of layers made up almost entirely of hydrogen and helium. These gases carry out different functions in each layer, and the sun's layers are measured by their percentage of the sun's total radius.

Answer:

Hydrogen and Helium!!

Explanation:

lol

The catabolic process carried out by bacteria is the breakdown of starch. Option C is the correct answer.

Plants and algae use the Calvin cycle (Option A) as an anabolic mechanism to transform carbon dioxide into glucose.

All live cells undergo cell division (Option B) in order to multiply and expand.

Bacteria can move toward or away from stimuli using a type of motility mechanism called rotating flagella (Option D).

All live cells do DNA synthesis (Option E) during cell division, which is an anabolic process including DNA replication.

Hence, catabolic process that involved conversion of complex materials such as starch into simpler molecules of glucose is the correct.

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No, it would not be possible to determine the identities of the remains based on mtdna if two brothers were killed in a plane crash.

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Answer:

hahsehshdhhddjdudieuehdhhr

Fever indicates that the immune system is functional by raising the body's temperature to destroy harmful substances.

This is defined as a temporary increase in the temperature of the body as a result of sickness etc.

This rise in temperature helps to destroy harmful substances which are temperature sensitive thereby making option B the most appropriate choice.

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Answer:

B. Fever raises the body's temperature to destroy harmful substances.

Explanation:

Edge. 2021 says it correct.

Answer:

The answer is option A.

Endocrine system

Hope this helps.

Glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels in conjunction with other hormones and physiological processes.

It is an essential element that maintains the body's blood glucose levels since it originates from beta cells, which secrete insulin, and alpha cells, which are present in the pancreas. Insulin and glucagon, which control blood glucose levels, and somatostatin, which inhibits the production of insulin and glucagon, are the two primary hormones secreted by the endocrine gland in the pancreas. The pancreas controls blood glucose levels by producing a variety of hormones, most notably glucagon and insulin, and keeping them within a relatively small range of 4-6 mM. The regulated and opposing actions of glucagon and insulin, often known as glucose homeostasis, enable this preservation.

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The three major observations Charles Darwin made during his 5-year voyage on the HMS Beagle were:

1. Observation of biodiversity: Darwin observed the diverse flora and fauna of the South American islands, the Galapagos Islands, and the coast of South America.

2. The concept of natural selection: Darwin observed the variations within species and the survival of the fittest in the struggle for survival. This led him to develop the theory of natural selection, which he later published in his book, "On the Origin of Species."

3. Geological formations and geological change: Darwin saw evidence of geological change in the form of volcanic activity, earthquakes, and the formation of geological formations like coral reefs. He also saw how geological change had a direct impact on the distribution of species.

These observations helped Darwin develop his theory of evolution and have since become the foundation of modern evolutionary biology.

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Answer:

Anatomy suggests that Cetaceans are more closely related to mammals than fish since they share more similarities with the mammals, such as a 4-chambered heart and lungs. What does anatomy say about the ancestry of Cetaceans?

Explanation:

Hope it helps! Correct me if I am wrong :>

Anatomy suggests that Cetaceans more closely resemble mammals. Cetaceans have a 4-chambered heart, lungs to breathe, giving birth to young ones, mammary glands, endothermic, etc.

Cetaceans can be called aquatic mammals and it includes whales, dolphins, etc.

These are one of the most distinctive and highly specialized orders of mammals.

They are more likely to have anatomical characteristics of mammals than fish. As they have a 4-chambered heart, are endothermic, give birth to young ones, and have mammary glands, these are considered under mammals.

Thus, these are the characteristics that Cetaceans share with mammals.

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A sampling distribution of the mean is a theoretical distribution that represents the distribution of sample means that could be taken from a population. It is calculated by taking all possible samples of a fixed size n from the population and calculating the mean for each sample.

The sampling distribution of the mean is a distribution of the means of all possible samples of fixed size n from a population.

A sampling distribution of the mean has the following characteristics:

1. The mean of the sampling distribution of the mean is equal to the mean of the population from which the samples are taken.

2. The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean is equal to the standard deviation of the population divided by the square root of the sample size.

3. The sampling distribution of the mean is approximately normal, regardless of the distribution of the population, as long as the sample size is sufficiently large (usually n > 30).

4. The width of the sampling distribution of the mean decreases as the sample size increases, indicating that larger samples are more representative of the population.

Therefore, a sampling distribution of the mean is the distribution of the means of all possible samples of fixed size n from a population, and it provides important information about the characteristics of the population.

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In response to a stimulus, the membrane potential of a neuron can either become more positive or more negative than the resting potential. When the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential, we say the membrane is hyperpolarized.

Hyperpolarization occurs when the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential due to an increase in the efflux of positively charged ions (e.g. potassium ions) or influx of negatively charged ions (e.g. chloride ions) across the membrane.

This increase in negative charge makes it more difficult for the neuron to generate an action potential, since the threshold for depolarization becomes harder to reach.

Hyperpolarization is an important mechanism in the regulation of neuronal activity, as it can act to inhibit the firing of action potentials.

In addition to its role in preventing excessive neuronal activity, hyperpolarization can also contribute to the shaping of synaptic inputs by modulating the integration of excitatory and inhibitory signals.

Overall, hyperpolarization represents a fundamental aspect of the electrical properties of neurons, and plays a crucial role in the regulation of neuronal activity and information processing in the brain.

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Answer:

The correct answer is - option D. S phase: DNA replication is important because it ensures that each daughter cell receives precisely the same number of chromosomes and genetic information contained within the parent cell.

Explanation:

DNA replication takes place during the cell division in order to produce or divide into two identical or exact copies of the DNA molecule or chromosome that would be transferred to the daughter cells equally.

DNA replication occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle or cell division. It is also known as the synthesis phase which comes after G1 phase and followed by G2 phase in the cell cycle.

Thus, the correct answer is - option D.

Answer:

Require a male and a female to reproduce

Explanation:

Gametes are produced by mitosis (not meiosis) and after fertilization a diploid zygote is created. ... It can only divide by meiosis to produce haploid cells once more, which then produce the main adult body. In plants and some algae, there is a multicellular diploid and a multicellular haploid period of the life cycle.

The environmental input that is necessary for the Calvin cycle reactions is carbon dioxide (CO₂). It is captured and utilized by the enzyme Rubisco to convert carbon dioxide into glucose during the process of photosynthesis.

The Calvin Cycle, also referred to as the dark reaction, C3 cycle, or carbon fixation, is a sequence of enzyme-assisted reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms. The Calvin cycle is responsible for transforming carbon dioxide (CO₂) into a high-energy molecule, which is used to produce glucose. This procedure occurs in three stages: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration. Environmental input for Calvin CycleIn the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide is required as an environmental input.

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Answer:

The correct order of protein production is:

c) 1,2,4,3

Ribosome: Protein synthesis begins in the ribosomes, which are located either in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic Reticulum: After the initial stages of protein synthesis in the ribosomes, the newly synthesized protein is transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for further processing and modification.

Golgi Apparatus: The proteins synthesized in the ER undergo further processing and modifications in the Golgi apparatus. This includes sorting, packaging, and modifying the proteins to their final functional forms.

Secretory Vesicles: Once the proteins are properly processed and modified in the Golgi apparatus, they are packaged into secretory vesicles. These vesicles transport the proteins to their destination, such as the plasma membrane for secretion outside the cell.

Therefore, the correct order is 1, 2, 4, 3.

Answer:

The correct order of protein production is ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles. So the correct answer would be c) 1,2,4,3.

Many proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, the plasma membrane, and secretion from the cell are synthesized on ribosomes that are bound to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Golgi apparatus then distributes these proteins and lipids that it receives from the ER.

The following characteristics are characteristic of a vegetative cell: Uses central septation site, Transcriptionally active, Binary division, Metabolically active, Ribosomes, Proteins, Peptidoglycan.
The following characteristics are characteristic of an endospore: Small acid soluble proteins (SASPs), Chromosome, Dipicolonic acid, Double membrane, Resistant to heat, UV light, desiccation, etc.

Therefore, the characteristics that are common to both vegetative cells and endospores are proteins and peptidoglycan.

Here's a breakdown of the characteristics associated with vegetative cells, endospores, or both:

Vegetative Cell:
- Uses central septation site
- Chromosome
- Transcriptionally active
- Binary division
- Double membrane
- Proteins
- Peptidoglycan
- Metabolically active
- Ribosomes

Endospore:
- Small acid soluble proteins (SASPs)
- Chromosome
- Dipicolonic acid
- Double membrane
- Proteins
- Peptidoglycan
- Resistant to heat, UV light, desiccation, etc.
- Ribosomes

Both Vegetative Cell and Endospore:
- Chromosome
- Double membrane
- Proteins
- Peptidoglycan
- Ribosomes

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Answer:

look at the photo I have sent

Grass : producer

Mouse & Deer : primary consumers

fox : predator or secondary consumers

Lion & Eagle : Tertiary consumers

Answer:

producers;grass

primary: deer and rabbit

hawk and fox are next in the chain

and mountain lion is the predator

Explanation:

its a simple food chain

Answer:

Inside this region of DNA are unique repeating patterns that can be used to differentiate one person from another.

Explanation:

A. Repair systems that target a single type of damage in DNA and repair only that type of damage are called specific repair systems.

B. Repair systems that use a single repair mechanism to repair multiple types of damage in DNA are called nonspecific repair systems.

C. A system that only repairs thymine dimers is photo repair.

D. In excision repair, the damaged section of one DNA strand is removed and replaced with new DNA that is synthesized using the undamaged strand as a template.

E. Cells can repair the damage that produces breaks in DNA using enzymes related to those involved in recombination during meiosis.

Specific repair systems target and repair a single type of DNA damage, such as photo repair which repairs only thymine dimers caused by UV light. In contrast, general repair systems use a single mechanism to repair multiple types of DNA damage, such as excision repair which can repair damage caused by chemical exposure and radiation.

Photorepair is a specific repair system that repairs thymine dimers in DNA caused by UV light. The process involves using energy from visible light to break the bonds between the thymine molecules and return them to their normal state. Excision repair is a general repair system that involves removing a damaged section of DNA and synthesizing a new, undamaged strand using the complementary strand as a template.

Cells can also repair the damage that produces breaks in DNA using enzymes related to those involved in recombination during meiosis. This process, known as homologous recombination, involves exchanging genetic material between two homologous chromosomes to repair a break. This mechanism is highly regulated to prevent errors and ensure proper repair of DNA damage.

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Answer:

The carbon comes from carbon dioxide used during photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants convert the sun's energy into chemical energy which is captured within the bonds of carbon molecules built from atmospheric carbon dioxide and water.

Explanation:

:)

The process of nutrient cycling and recycling would be significantly slower and hinder the productivity of ecosystems without bacteria. Bacteria is considered to be a crucial component of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles.

In the carbon cycle, bacterial species help in the decomposition of organic matter which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Some species of bacteria, like methanogenic bacteria, help in converting organic matter into methane gas which is important in the carbon cycle.

Nitrogen cycle involves nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification processes. Different bacterial species are involved in these processes, which includes nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and ammonifying bacteria. The process of nitrogen fixation helps in converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is usable by plants, which is facilitated by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonium into nitrate, while denitrifying bacteria break down nitrates into gaseous nitrogen. Ammonifying bacteria convert organic nitrogen to ammonium.

In the phosphorus cycle, bacterial species are responsible for decomposing organic matter and releasing phosphorus into the soil. Bacteria also play a role in transforming insoluble phosphorus into soluble forms that can be taken up by plants.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

Virus can remain outside the host as a non-living entity in the form of a Crystal

Answer:

The rock cycle is a constant transformation of rocks between the three rock types of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. If the sediments are buried behind other layers of sediment, they can lithify and form sedimentary rock. When rocks melt, magma is formed. Rocks form deep below the Earth, move and sometimes change, rise to the surface, and eventually return to their original location.