Master Social Studies with Fun Quizzes & Brain Teasers!

A researcher compared the effectiveness of massed practice (cramming) versus distributed practice in preparing for a memory test. Each of two groups gave informed consent to be in the experiment and then memorized the definitions of 40 vocabulary words. In group A, there were 30 participants who were all under twenty-five years of age. The participant ratios were a representative sample of those in the geographic area. Participants in group A used the method of distributed practice. studying for 30 minutes on each of four evenings. In group B, there were 30 participants who were all over sixty years of age. Their ethnicities and sex also reflected those in the geographic area. Participants in group B used the method of massed practice, studying only from 6:30pm to 8:30pm on the evening before the test. Both groups were tested together on the same morning at 7:00am. All participants completed a recall test. The results showed that the mean difference between the distributed practice group and the massed practice group was statistically significant with the group having used distributed practice showing more words recalled over those who used massed practice. The participants were debriefed and sent home. Later the researcher provided a list of the names and test scores for each individual participant in a letter to all participants which included his contact information should the participants have any future questions 14. What is the ETHICAL flaw in this experiment? a. The ethical flaw is that the researcher did not tell the participants about any risks they might face in the experiment. b. The ethical flaw is that the researcher breeched confidentiality c.The ethical flaw is that the researcher did not practice random d. There is no ethical flaw in this experiment. 15. What is the dependent variable in this experiment? a. The dependent variable is the number of words recalled. b. The massed practice technique is the dependent variable c. Group A is the dependent variable. 16. What is the independent variable in this experiment?a. The recall test is the independent variable. b. Group B is the independent variable. c. The massed practice and the distributed practice techniques are both independent variables d. The independent variable is the number of words recalled. 17. What is the RESEARCH DESIGN FLAW in this experiment?a. The research design flaw is that the researcher breeched confidentiality b. The research design flaw is that the participants studied at different times in the day. c. The research design flaw is that the groups studied different types of words. d.The research design flaw is that the two groups of participants were of vastly different ages.