Which of the following describes sound waves
A. Waves that do not require a medium and in which the vibrations are parallel to the motion of the sound
B. Waves that require a medium and in which the vibrations are perpendicular to the motion of the sound
C. Waves that do not require a medium and in which the vibrations are perpendicular to the motion of the sound
D. Waves that require a medium and in which the vibrations are parallel to the motion of the sound

Answer:

A colorful interference pattern is observed when light is reflected from the top and bottom boundaries of a thin oil film. The different bands form as the film's thickness diminishes from a central runoff-point. ... So one set of light rays shine into a soap bubble, but two sets of rays come back out again.

The astronaut gains a velocity of 4 m/s to the left.

What is Velocity?

The unit of velocity is meters per second (m/s) in the International System of Units (SI). Velocity can be positive or negative, depending on the direction of motion. A positive velocity means the object is moving in the positive direction, while a negative velocity means it is moving in the opposite direction.

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision, provided there are no external forces acting on the system.

Let's assume that the astronaut and the rock are initially at rest, so the total momentum before the collision is zero. After the rock is thrown to the right, the momentum of the system is:

P = m1 * v1 + m2 * v2

where m1 and v1 are the mass and velocity of the astronaut, m2 and v2 are the mass and velocity of the rock, and P is the total momentum.

Substituting the values given, we get:

P = 100 kg * v1 + 200 kg * 2 m/s

P = 100 kg * v1 + 400 kg*m/s

Since the total momentum of the system must be conserved, the total momentum after the collision must also be zero. Therefore:

P' = m1 * v1' + m2 * v2' = 0

where v1' and v2' are the final velocities of the astronaut and the rock, respectively.

We know that the rock gains a velocity of 2 m/s to the right, so its final velocity is v2' = 2 m/s. Substituting this into the above equation, we get:

100 kg * v1' + 200 kg * 2 m/s = 0

Solving for v1', we get:

v1' = -4 m/s

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Answer:

The thermic effect (TEF) is greater for protein compared to carbohydrate and fat. The body can store excess amino acids for later use. The protein-sparing effect spares the utilization of protein as an energy source and allows it to be used for more important metabolic functions.

When a light bounces off the surface of a metal cup and shines in Harold's eyes, the light waves undergo reflection. Reflection occurs when a wave encounters a boundary between two media and bounces back into the original medium.

When a light wave strikes the surface of the metal cup, some of the energy from the light is absorbed by the metal, causing electrons in the metal to become excited and move to higher energy levels. These excited electrons then release the energy they have absorbed by emitting new light waves, in a process called reflection. The reflected light waves bounce off the surface of the metal cup in many different directions, including towards Harold's eyes. When these waves enter Harold's eyes, they stimulate the cells in his retina, which sends electrical signals to his brain. His brain then processes these signals as visual information, allowing him to see the cup and the reflected light.

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The statement is true. As a huge rotating cloud of particles in space gravitate together forming an increasingly dense ball, it shrinks in size.

True.

As a cloud of particles in space gravitate together, the gravitational potential energy of the system is converted into kinetic energy, causing the cloud to heat up and the particles to move faster. This heat and motion counteract the force of gravity, which tends to pull the particles together. As the cloud continues to shrink in size, it becomes denser and hotter until it eventually becomes a protostar. The shrinking of the cloud is due to the force of gravity overpowering the kinetic energy of the particles, causing them to collapse towards the center of mass. This process is known as gravitational collapse.

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A low-voltage thermostat in an electric furnace is used to control the temperature.

The low-voltage thermostat plays a crucial role in regulating the temperature within an electric furnace. When connected to the furnace's heating system, the thermostat acts as a control device, allowing users to set their desired temperature.

Here's how it works:

Sensing the temperature: The low-voltage thermostat contains a sensor that measures the ambient temperature of the room or space where the furnace is located. This sensor detects any fluctuations in temperature, whether it's too hot or too cold.

Signaling the furnace: Once the desired temperature is set by the user, the thermostat compares it to the current room temperature. If the current temperature deviates from the set temperature, the thermostat sends a signal to the furnace.

Adjusting the heating: Upon receiving the signal, the furnace responds accordingly. If the room temperature is lower than the desired temperature, the furnace activates its heating elements, generating warmth. Conversely, if the room temperature exceeds the desired temperature, the furnace shuts off or reduces its heating output.

In summary, the low-voltage thermostat in an electric furnace acts as a mediator between the user and the heating system. It senses the temperature, signals the furnace when necessary, and adjusts the heating output to maintain a comfortable and consistent temperature in the space. By doing so, it helps ensure energy efficiency and provides a comfortable environment for occupants.

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A.) The speed of Tarzan at the bottom of the swing when he starts from rest is 10.8 m/s.

B.) The speed of Tarzan at the bottom of the swing when he starts with 4 m/s is 11.6 m/s.

Let us solve this problem using law of conservation of energy. The kinetic energy at the bottom of the swing will be equal to the gravitational potential energy at the start of the motion.

U = K

m g h = 1/2 m v²

where,

m is Tarzan's mass

g is acceleration due to gravity

h is initial height

Tarzan's speed at the bottom is v

Re-arranging the equation for making v as subject, we have

v = √ (2 g h + u²)

Initial velocity u = 0.

Therefore, we must determine h, Tarzan's starting height. We know that the length of the swing is L= 30 m and it is initially inclined at θ = 37° with respect to the vertical, so the initial height of Tarzan is given by

h = L - L cosθ = L(1 - cosθ) = 30 ×(1 - cos 37 ) = 6 m

Tarzan's speed, then, at the swing's bottom is

v = √ ( 2 × 9.8 × 6) = 10.8 m/s

B.) If u = 4 m/s,

v = √ 2 g h + u² = √ [2 g L(1 - cosθ) + u²] = √ [ 2 × 9.81× 30 × (1 - cos 37 ) + 4²] = 11.6 m/s

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An electron in an s orbital can be identified by these four quantum numbers, which specify its location, orientation, and spin.

The four quantum numbers that can apply to electrons in s orbitals are:

1. Principal quantum number (n): The principal quantum number (n) represents the principal energy level of the electron and describes the size and energy of the electron’s orbital.

An s orbital is a subshell with a value of 0 for the second quantum number (l).

2. Azimuthal quantum number (l): For an s orbital, the azimuthal quantum number (l) has a value of 0. It identifies the type of orbital an electron occupies.

3. Magnetic quantum number (ml):

The magnetic quantum number (ml) specifies the orientation of the electron’s orbital around the nucleus.

For an s orbital, the value of ml is 0.4. Spin quantum number (ms): The spin quantum number (ms) indicates the spin of the electron.

The two possible values of the spin quantum number are +½ and -½.

The electron spin is denoted by an arrow pointing up or down, and it is represented by the letter m in the Schrödinger equation.

An electron in an s orbital can be identified by these four quantum numbers, which specify its location, orientation, and spin.

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Answer:

a b c d

Explanation:

With an astronomical telescope, the angle of just resolution light from two stars would be greater if the light of the average star is red or if it is blue.

What is an astronomical telescope?

An astronomical telescope consists of two lenses: objective and eyepiece.

The objective lens forms the image of a far off object at focal point while eyepiece lens just magnifies the image and make it look more clear, visible and magnified.

The formula D = 1.22λ/dФ is used to find the value of aperture of the telescope.

In general, an astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. Thus, the angle formed would be greater if the light emitted by the average stars is red or blue.

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The net force acting on the rocket is 150,000 N.

Part A: To find the net force acting on the rocket, we can use Newton's second law of motion which states that force equals mass multiplied by acceleration (F = ma).

Given:

F = ma

F = 50000 kg x 3.0 m/s^2

F = 150000 N

Therefore, the net force acting on the rocket is 150,000 Newtons (N) to two significant figures.

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Answer:

Answer: Elementary Entities are any of several entities, such as electrons, neutrons, or protons, that are less complex than atoms and are regarded as the constituents of all matter.

A light-year is a unit of measurement which is used to measure distance between the Earth and the sun.

This is defined as the distance light travels in the time it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun.

It is also the distance a beam of light travels in a single earth year which is why option C was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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Answer:

Conductor

Explanation:

A battery holds all of the energy in itself. So without the battery, the circuit cannot work.

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The formula which can be used to calculate the height of the tree years after planting is 84.24(1.08)^t - 71.76(0.92)^t.

Given that a tree is planted in an orchard and is 78 cm tall. Every year the tree's height increases by 8%. We are to determine which of the following formulas could be used to calculate the height of the tree years after planting. The height of the tree when planted (t=0) is 78 cm.

After the first year (t=1), the height of the tree is 78 + 8% of 78 = 84.24 cm.

After the second year (t=2), the height of the tree is 84.24 + 8% of 84.24 = 91.23 cm.

We can obtain a formula for the height of the tree in terms of years as follows:

Let H(t) be the height of the tree t years after planting. We know that H(0) = 78 (since the height of the tree is 78 cm when planted).

Also, we know that the height of the tree after each year is given by the expression: previous height + 8% of previous height = previous height (1.08).

Therefore, H(1) = 78 (1.08)

H(2) = 78 (1.08)²

H(3) = 78 (1.08)³..H(t) = 78 (1.08)^t

Therefore, the correct formula that could be used to calculate the height of the tree years after planting is given by:

H(t) = 78 (1.08)^t. Thus, the correct option is 84.24(1.08)^t - 71.76(0.92)^t.

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Answer: It produces uneven heating of Earth's surface by the sun

Explanation:

The Earth's tilt affect the climate by producing uneven heating of the Earth's surface by the Sun. Thus, the correct option is A.

The earth's spin axis is tilted with respect to the orbital plane of the planet. This is what actually causes the change in seasons. When the earth's axis points are towards the sun, it is summer for that hemisphere. However, when the earth's axis points are away, winter season can be expected.

The greater the Earth's axial tilt angle, the more extreme will be the seasons are, as each of the hemisphere receives more solar radiation during its summer season, when the hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, and less during the winter season, when it is tilted away.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

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The average power delivered by the child is 13 W.

To calculate the average power delivered by the child, we need to use the formula: Power = Work / Time.

First, we need to calculate the work done by the child. Work is given by the formula: Work = Force x Distance. In this case, the force applied by the child is 75N, and the distance moved by the wagon is 42mm (or 0.042m). Therefore, the work done is Work = 75N x 0.042m = 3.15 J.

Next, we need to determine the time taken by the child. The question states that the wagon moved a total of 42mm in 3.9 minutes. To calculate the time in seconds, we convert minutes to seconds by multiplying by 60: Time = 3.9 min x 60 s/min = 234 s.

Now we can calculate the average power delivered by the child using the formula: Power = Work / Time. Substituting the values, we have Power = 3.15 J / 234 s = 0.01346... W. Rounding to the appropriate number of significant figures, the average power delivered by the child is 13 W.

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Answer:

it's gravitational potential energy would have converted to kinetic energy half way back when it's falls

Answer:

The easiest way to do this is to realize that the time to fall is the same as the rise time (conservation of energy can easily verify this)

S = 1/2 g t^2      time to fall 2.5 m

t = (5 / 9.8)^1.2 = .714 sec         time in air

v = a t = 9.8 * .714 = 7 m/s     initial vertical speed

Check:

S = v t - 1/2 g t^2       where v is the initial vertical speed

S = 7 * .714 - 4.9 * .714^2 = 2.5 m        total vertical distance traveled

Answer: inverse relationship

Explanation: one increases and the other decreases

Red has a longer wavelength than yellow. The wavelength of light determines its color, with longer wavelengths corresponding to colors on the red end of the visible spectrum.

Red light has a longer wavelength than yellow light, meaning that the distance between successive peaks or troughs of the red light wave is greater than that of the yellow light wave.

Similarly, blue has a longer wavelength than green, green has a longer wavelength than yellow, and violet has a longer wavelength than blue.

This is because the colors in the visible spectrum are arranged in increasing order of their respective wavelengths, with red having the longest wavelength and violet having the shortest.

The relationship between wavelength and color helps us perceive and differentiate between various colors in the visible light spectrum.

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Answer:

It's a mixture of salt and water.

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the electric field is more than the threshold value and the capacitor will experience dielectric breakdown.

1. Given values are,
side length of metal plates, a = 3 cm and b = 6 cm
distance between the plates, d = 2.36 cm
voltage, V = 110 V
dielectric constant of water, k = 80.4
dielectric constant of new material, k2 = 3.75
a) To calculate the capacitance of capacitor, the formula is, C=εA/d  ……………… (1)
where A = area of plate, ε = permittivity, and d = separation distance between two plates.
We know that the permittivity of vacuum is given as, ε0 = 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m
The capacitance of capacitor can be expressed as,
C1 = ε0 (kA/d) …………….. (2)
where, ε0 = permittivity of vacuum, k = dielectric constant and A = area of plate.
Substituting the given values in equation (2),
C1 = 8.854 x 10^-12 x 80.4 x (0.03 x 0.06)/0.0236
C1 = 0.000132 F
Therefore, the capacitance of capacitor is 0.000132 F.

b) To calculate the new capacitance, the formula is given as,
C2 = k2ε0A/d ……………… (3)
where k2 is the dielectric constant of new material.
Substituting the given values in equation (3),
C2 = 3.75 x 8.854 x 10^-12 x (0.03 x 0.06)/0.0236
C2 = 0.000263 F
Therefore, the new capacitance is 0.000263 F.

c) The new voltage can be calculated as,
V2 = V1(C1/C2) …………… (4)
Substituting the given values in equation (4),
V2 = 110 (0.000132/0.000263)
V2 = 55 V
Therefore, the new voltage is 55 V.

d) The charge on each plate is given as,
Q = CV ………….. (5)
Substituting the given values in equation (5),
Q = 0.000132 x 110
Q = 0.0145 C
Therefore, the charge on each plate is 0.0145 C.

2. Given values are,
capacitance, C = 3.23 µF
area of plate, A = 6.35 mm^2
separation distance between two plates, d = ?
new capacitance, C2 = 5.63 mF
new dielectric constant, k2 = ?
voltage, V = 110 V
electric field between two plates, E = 8.99 x 10^4 N/C
working voltage, Vw = 63 V

a) The separation distance between two plates can be calculated as,
C1/C2 = d2/d1  …………….. (6)
where d1 and d2 are the initial and final separation distance, respectively.
Substituting the given values in equation (6),
3.23 x 10^-6/5.63 x 10^-3 = d2/d1
d2 = 5.63 x 10^-3 x (d1/3.23 x 10^-6)
Area of plate, A = 6.35 mm^2 = 6.35 x 10^-6 m^2
The capacitance can be expressed as,
C = εA/d
d = εA/C
where ε = permittivity of dielectric material.
Therefore, substituting the given values in above equation,
d1 = ε x 6.35 x 10^-6/3.23 x 10^-6
d1 = 12.50 ε
Substituting the value of d1 in equation (6),
5.63 x 10^-3 = d2/12.50 ε
d2 = 70.38 ε
The separation distance between two plates is 70.38 ε.

b) The new dielectric constant can be calculated as,
C2 = k2ε0A/d2
k2 = C2d2/ε0A
Substituting the given values in above equation,
k2 = 5.63 x 10^-3 x 70.38 ε/(8.854 x 10^-12 x 6.35 x 10^-6)
k2 = 3.95
Therefore, the new dielectric constant is 3.95.

c) The new voltage can be calculated as,
V2 = V1(C1/C2)
Substituting the given values in above equation,
V2 = 110(3.23 x 10^-6/5.63 x 10^-3)
V2 = 0.063 V
Therefore, the new voltage is 0.063 V.

d) The electric field can be expressed as,
E = V/d
d = V/E
Substituting the given values in above equation,
d = 63/8.99 x 10^4
d = 7.01 x 10^-4 m
The voltage, V = 110 V > working voltage, Vw = 63 V

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The thickness of the foil is approximately 0.07 cm if a metal has a density of 7.4 g/cm3. a rectangular thin foil of this metal measuring 2.4 cm by 6.cm has a mass of 7.42 g.

To find the thickness of the foil, we first need to calculate its volume. As the foil has a rectangular shape with length 6.0 cm and width 2.4 cm, the area can be calculated as: A = l*w

= 6.0 cm * 2.4 cm

= 14.4 cm^2

Next, we can use the formula for density to calculate the volume of the foil: density = mass / volume

volume = mass / density

Substituting the given values, we get: volume = 7.42 g / 7.4 g/cm^3

= 1.0027 cm^3

Finally, we can calculate the thickness of the foil by dividing the volume by the area: thickness = volume / area

= 1.0027 cm^3 / 14.4 cm^2

≈ 0.0697 cm

≈ 0.07 cm (rounded to two decimal places)

The thickness of the foil is approximately 0.07 cm.

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Saturn is the following planet or moon, and its atmosphere is primarily made of hydrogen with a small amount of methane.

The correct answer is B

The planet Saturn is incredibly large and its rings make it incredibly gorgeous. Amazing moons as Titan reside there as well. The Solar System's Saturn is arguably the most popular and stunning planet. Compared to the rings of other planets, Saturn's are much larger and easier to see.

Then, only a year ago, researchers found a second Earth-like planet around Proxima Centauri, one of our nearest nearby stars. The best option we now have for maintaining human life is this planet.

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The increase in kinetic energy of the atom is 24 eV.

The correct answer is E) 24 eV.

To find the increase in kinetic energy of a completely ionized beryllium atom (net charge = +4e) accelerated through a potential difference of 6.0 V, we  can use the following formula:
Increase in kinetic energy (ΔKE) = q × ΔV
Where q is the charge of the ion and ΔV is the potential difference.

In this case, q = +4e (where e is the elementary charge, approximately\(1.6 *  10^{-19}  C)\) and ΔV = 6.0 V.
Now, we can calculate the increase in kinetic energy:
ΔKE = (4e) × (6.0 V)
ΔKE = 24eV.

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Answer: Musical theater is like acting in a musical.

Explanation: Other dance styles don't involve singing.

Answer:

Yes,in fact visible 'light' is a form of radiation, which can be defined as an energy that travels in the form of electromagnetic waves. It can also be described as a flow of particle-like 'wave-packets', called photons, that travel constantly at the speed of light (about 300 000 kilometres per second).

Explanation:

Answer:

Answer

Advantages of alcohol over Mercury

(a) Freezing point of alcohol is −117∘

C and hence can record very low temperature For example in Arctic and Antarctic regions temperature may fall below −80∘

C which cannot be measured by mercury thermometer because mercury freezes at−39 ∘ C

(b) The expansion of alcohol per degree rise in temperature is much more around six times more then that of mercury and hence is more sensitive

(c) it can be coloured brightly by adding some dye in it and hence is easily detectable

Answer:

8.06 m/s

Explanation:

It is given that,

Mass of a swimmer, m = 72 kg

He jumps from a diving board 3.25 m above the water.

We need to find the speed just as he hits the water if he jumps straight up. Using the conservation of energy to fin it as follows :

\(mgh=\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2\\\\v=\sqrt{2gh} \\\\v=\sqrt{2\times 10\times 3.25}\\\\ v=8.06\ m/s\)

So, the required speed is 8.06 m/s.