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Read the following carefully taking note of the key issues before you attempt the questions. The law of demand is a fundamental concept of market economies. Rational consumers will always buy more of a good they want when the price falls, and less when the price rises. The opposite holds true for the law of supply wherein more is supplied as the price goes up and vice versa. Consequently, a market is in equilibrium when the price and quantity are at a level at which supply equals demand. The quantity that consumers demand is exactly equal to the quantity that producers supply. Total welfare in society is maximized. The demand and supply of masks in Lovingdale is as follows:At a price of $20, forty three thousand seven hundred and fifty units are demanded but three thousand units are supplied. When the price goes up to $60, thirty one thousand two hundred and fifty units are demanded whilst thirty one thousand two hundred and fifty units are supplied. At a price of $100, eighteen thousand seven and fifty units are demanded and fifty nine thousand five hundred units are supplied. Finally, at a price of $140, six thousand two hundred and fifty units are demanded whilst eighty seven thousand seven hundred and fifty units are supplied. The linear equations for the demand and supply of masks in Lovingdale are given as follows: Qd =50 000-312. 5P and Qs = -11125+706. 25P. Question 1 a) Briefly explain the three reasons behind the law of demand as evidenced by the behaviour of consumers in Lovingdale. [5 marks]